Question

The formate ion, HCO2-, is formed when formic acid dissolves in water. A number of possible resonance structures for this ion are shown.

Which of these structures are valid and which are invalid?

Drag each item to the appropriate bin.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

Resonance structures are Lewis structures that are obtained due to the motion of lone pair or pi-electron cloud in the structure.

These structures are electronically equivalent and indicated by double-headed arrow \((\leftrightarrow)\)

Fundamentals

Resonance structures : Resonance structure are structures which are indicating the same molecule but differ in their electrinical geometry. Let \(\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B},\) and \(\mathrm{C}\) are resonance structures, indicated as follows. \(\mathrm{A} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{B} \leftrightarrow \mathrm{C}\)

Charge on every canonical structure (resonance structure) should be equal.

 

Given ion is formate ion \(\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{2}^{-}\right)\) Given that this formate ion produced by dissolving the formic acid in water. Complete reaction is as follows:

\(\mathrm{HCOOH}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \longrightarrow \mathrm{HCOO}^{-}+\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}\)

Lewis structure of the formate ion is shown below.

Formate ion is produced by dissolving the formic acid in the water, this reaction has been shown. And the Lewis dot structure has been given for the formate ion.

 

Formate ion structure is shown below:

The resonance structure for this formate ion is as follows:

Therefore, only two possible resonance structures are there for formate ion.

Resonance structures have been drawn for the formate ion, which is produced during the dissolving process of formic acid in water.