Question

Polaski Company manufactures and sells a single product called a Ret. Operating at capacity, the company can produce and sell 34,000 Rets per year. Costs associated with this level of production and sales are given below:

  

	Unit			Total
Direct materials	$	25		$	850,000
Direct labor		8			272,000
Variable manufacturing overhead		3			102,000
Fixed manufacturing overhead		7			238,000
Variable selling expense		2			68,000
Fixed selling expense		6			204,000
Total cost	$	51		$	1,734,000

   

The Rets normally sell for $56 each. Fixed manufacturing overhead is constant at $238,000 per year within the range of 26,000 through 34,000 Rets per year.

  

Required:
1.	Assume that due to a recession, Polaski Company expects to sell only 26,000 Rets through regular channels next year. A large retail chain has offered to purchase 8,000 Rets if Polaski is willing to accept a 16% discount off the regular price. There would be no sales commissions on this order; thus, variable selling expenses would be slashed by 75%. However, Polaski Company would have to purchase a special machine to engrave the retail chain’s name on the 8,000 units. This machine would cost $16,000. Polaski Company has no assurance that the retail chain will purchase additional units in the future. Determine the impact on profits next year if this special order is accepted.

     

2.

Refer to the original data. Assume again that Polaski Company expects to sell only 26,000 Rets through regular channels next year. The U.S. Army would like to make a one-time-only purchase of 8,000 Rets. The Army would pay a fixed fee of $1.80 per Ret, and it would reimburse Polaski Company for all costs of production (variable and fixed) associated with the units. Because the army would pick up the Rets with its own trucks, there would be no variable selling expenses associated with this order. If Polaski Company accepts the order, by how much will profits increase or decrease for the year?

     

3.	Assume the same situation as that described in (2) above, except that the company expects to sell 34,000 Rets through regular channels next year. Thus, accepting the U.S. Army’s order would require giving up regular sales of 8,000 Rets. If the Army’s order is accepted, by how much will profits increase or decrease from what they would be if the 8,000 Rets were sold through regular channels?

     

Answer 1

Solution 1:

Special order price = $56*84% = $47.04 per unit

Computation of profit from special order - Polaski company
Particulars	Amount
Sales (8000*$47.04)	$376,320.00
Variable Cost:
Direct material (8000*$25)	$200,000.00
Direct labor (8000*$8)	$64,000.00
Variable manufacturing overhead (8000*$3)	$24,000.00
Variable selling expenses (8000*$0.50)	$4,000.00
Contribution	$84,320.00
Additional fixed cost of machine	$16,000.00
Financial advantage (disadvantage)	$68,320.00

Solution 2:

Price of US army order = Unit product cost + Fixed fee = ($25 + $8 + $3 + $7) + $1.80 = $44.80 per unit

Computation of profit from US Army order - Polaski company
Particulars	Amount
Sales (8000*$44.80)	$358,400.00
Variable Cost:
Direct material (8000*$25)	$200,000.00
Direct labor (8000*$8)	$64,000.00
Variable manufacturing overhead (8000*$3)	$24,000.00
Contribution	$70,400.00
Additional fixed cost	$0.00
Financial advantage (disadvantage)	$70,400.00

Solution 3:

Regular contribution margin per unit = $56 - ($25 + $8 + $3 + $2) = $18 per unit

Computation of profit from US Army order - Polaski company
Particulars	Amount
Sales (8000*$44.80)	$358,400.00
Variable Cost:
Direct material (8000*$25)	$200,000.00
Direct labor (8000*$8)	$64,000.00
Variable manufacturing overhead (8000*$3)	$24,000.00
Contribution	$70,400.00
Less: Loss of contribution from regular sale (8000*$18)	$144,000.00
Financial advantage (disadvantage)	-$73,600.00