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Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The standard cost for...

Miller Toy Company manufactures a plastic swimming pool at its Westwood Plant. The standard cost for one pool is as follows:

  

Standard Quantity or Hours Standard Price or
Rate
Standard
Cost
  Direct materials 1.20 kilograms    $4.00 per kilogram $ 4.80   
  Direct labour 0.80 hours      $6.00 per hour     4.80   
  Variable manufacturing overhead 0.40 machine-hours        $4.00 per machine-hour 1.60   
  Total standard cost $ 11.20   

   

The plant has been experiencing problems for some time, as is shown by its June income statement when it made and sold 15,200 pools; the normal volume is 15,350 pools per month. Fixed costs are allocated using machine-hours.

  

Flexible Budgeted Actual
  Sales (15,200 pools) $ 456,000     $ 456,000    
  Less: Variable expenses:
     Variable cost of goods sold* 170,240     195,002    
     Variable selling expenses 20,300     20,300    
  Total variable expenses 190,540     215,302    
  Contribution margin 265,460     240,698    
  Less: Fixed expenses:
     Manufacturing overhead 132,000     132,000    
     Selling and administrative 85,120     85,120    
  Total fixed expenses 217,120     217,120    
  Net income $ 48,340     $ 23,578    
*Contains direct materials, direct labour, and variable manufacturing overhead.

      

Janet Dunn, the general manager of the Westwood Plant, wants to get things under control. She needs information about the operations in June since the income statement signalled that the problem could be due to the variable cost of goods sold. Dunn learns the following about operations and costs in June:

  

a. 30,700 kilograms of materials were purchased at a cost of $3.70 per kilogram.
b.

24,600 kilograms of materials were used in production. (Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are insignificant and can be ignored.)

c. 11,600 direct labour-hours were worked at a cost of $7 per hour.
d.

Variable manufacturing overhead cost totalling $24,612 for the month was incurred. A total of 5,860 machine-hours was recorded.

It is the company’s policy to close all variances to cost of goods sold on a monthly basis.

  

Required:
1. Compute the following variances for June:
a.

Direct materials price and quantity variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)

b.

Direct labour rate and efficiency variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)

Labour rate variance U
Labour efficiency variance F
c.

Variable overhead spending and efficiency variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)

Variable overhead spending variance U
Variable overhead efficiency variance F
2-a.

Summarize the variances you computed in part (1) by showing the net overall favourable or unfavourable variance for the month. (Indicate the effect of variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance).)

Net variance U

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