For experiment :Liquid Vapor Equilibrium in a Binary System, why is it necessary to have calibration...

For experiment :Liquid Vapor Equilibrium in a Binary System, why is it necessary to have calibration curve for refractive index and composition of propanol?

Expert Solution

Dear friend

Many binary systems differ from the idealized behavior depicted by Raoult. If two liquids form an azeotrope, for example, the boiling point may be significantly different from that of either pure substance. This makes separation of these mixtures by fractional distillation much more complex. The difficulty in predicting such mixtures makes the observation of boiling points and liquid/vapor composition important experimental work. a calibration curve of refractive index versus mole fraction will be constructed for the binary system. this refractive index graph will be used to determine the concentrations of condensed vapors as well as the boiling liquids that produced them. From this information a BP - composition diagram can be constructed.

This instrument requires precise temperature control.The refractive index is the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum compared to the speed of light in the sample (the speed of light is reduced in matter). We use this method for the water-propanol system because there is a large difference in the refractive index of water and propanol, so the composition of mixtures can be easily and quickly determined by this method. To do this, you must prepare a calibration curve: By measuring the refractive index of known water-propanol mixtures, you can determine the composition of unknown .mixtures by their refractive index. You will use an Abbe refractometer (with the thermostat set at 20°) to measure the refractive index, n of the samples.

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queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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