Question

For the following two scenarios:

1. You must explain the issue using appropriate economic theory and concepts and highlight the key points to present your comments.
2. Include relevant argument on social interest, externalities (positive or negative) and public good provision in your discussion.
3. You are encouraged to cite related sources in your writing. Follow the usual citation protocols.

(1)

With some variation among different societies, almost everywhere in the world, gender inequality in the job market is present. This inequality can be observed in income, leadership position as well as opportunities prior to the job market. Social scientists, including economists, consider this as a “problem”. From the public sector’s perspective, how can this issue be addressed? Suggest a few policies that you believe can change the current gender distribution in the labor market.

(2)

The current Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has made multiple central and local governments decide to implement a complete lockdown. What are the main challenges (costs) and opportunities (benefits) of such a decision? Use reliable available statistics to back your argument.

Answer 1

1. Almost in every society, there is gender inequality in the job market where there is not equal opportunities for different gender. Around the world there, the women mostly work for low-quality jobs and even there is income inequality for women and men. Women are mostly helping out in their households and business of relatives.

From the prospective of government, by reducing gender gaps in workforce participation will increase the GDP globally. There are many regions with highest gender inequality will get greater disadvantages. Many developed and developing countries have the main aim towards reducing the inequality by some policies like by treating everyone with respect and consideration.

Also, another strategy by communication openly with others and everyone should put forward views and opinions whether it’s different from each other. Another policy includes being respectful for all gender and the members should follow all the rules and policies. The events should be organized which will facilitate the participation. This will directly affects the planning and the committees focus on group equity and diversity. There is need of policy like access to childcare which helps the female workers to focus on work only. The public authorities should responsible for childcare and benefits parents.

2. In the situation of coved 19, the job market faced greater problems as the economies become jobless. When the unemployment rate rises, the inequality also increases. The people become sick and unwell which will infect others and they become unable to work. But the majority of workers have fewer jobs and some are unwell for working. Some also do not support the parenting structure which affects the workers which have children. Also, there are greater income and leadership inequality in the job market. Due to covid 19, there are mental health matters and the workers need the support for scheduling the planning and processes.