12.

before applying the corporate tax rate, firms may deduct

a. wage payments

b. dividend payments to shareholders

c. depreciation allowances

d. a and c

13.

in canada, only realized capital gains are included in taxable income

a. true

b. false

c. uncertain

14.

consider the following statement. the best empirical evidence to date suggests the tax subsidies for certain accounts like RRSPs and the TFSAs encourages new savings. is this statement true or false, explain

16.

in the canadian PIT system, capital gains are

a. generally not associated with a "lock in effect"

b. treated exactly like the other sources of income

c. taxed differently than other sources of income

d. only realized death

dont need explanation besides number 14, thanks

Are the net gains from trade positive? (demonstrate using a two-country, two-commodity model)

Why is party discipline so important in a parliamentary political regime?

Tell whether the statement is true or false. Please answer all.

____   20.   The cost disease of services explains the problems surrounding the health care crisis.

____   21.   An increase in wages in the public sector is always accompanied by an increase in labor productivity.

____   22.   Federal tax loopholes in personal income tax provide benefits only to very high-income people.

____   23.   State and local governments receive money from sales taxes, property taxes, and the federal government.

____   24.   A tax that reduces economic efficiency is always bad policy.

1-Why Turkey has comparative advantage in some industries, in terms of Heckscher – Ohlin approach to international trade.

2-Design your own international trade policy concerning Turkish economy.

Robinson Pizza Company agreed to buy 25 pounds of mozzarella cheese from the Clemens Cheese Factory for $5 per pound. When the cheese was delivered, Robinson discovered that one 10 pound block of cheese was a bit moldy and, he believed, unusable. Clemens sent Robinson a bill for $125 and demanded payment. Robinson called up Clemens and refused to pay that much but indicated that he was willing to pay $75. Clemens said “Not enough. Give me $80 and I won’t sue.” Robinson said, “OK. I agree. I’ll pay you $80 to settle this dispute.” Robinson sent Clemens a check for $80. Clemens signed the check and deposited it in his savings account. A week later Clemens sued Robinson for what he believed was the remaining $45. (Please read both part (a) and part (b) before answering either question).
a. .Judgment for whom? Explain.

b. Would your answer to (a) be different if Clemens had written “without prejudice” on the back of the check before he deposited it? Explain.

1. According to the Phillips curve, policymakers could reduce both inflation and unemployment by
A. increasing the money supply.
B. decreasing government expenditures.
C. increasing government expenditures.
D. raising taxes.
E. None of the above is correct.

which of the following statements is (are) correct?
(x) The natural rate of unemployment is the rate of unemployment that the economy tends to move to in the long run and it is not dependent on the money supply.
(y) A vertical long-run Phillips curve is consistent with the principle of monetary neutrality and it implies that the natural rate of unemployment is independent of the inflation rate.
(z) Government policy that creates structural unemployment via minimum wage laws or a change in frictional unemployment via increased unemployment benefits can alter the natural rate of unemployment.
A. (x), (y) and (z)
B. (x) and (y) only
C. (x) and (z) only
D. (y) and (z) only
E. (y) only

According to the long-run Phillips curve as described in the textbook, in the long run, unemployment depends upon factors such as
(x) the power of unions and minimum wage laws that alter the amount of structural unemployment.
(y) the nature of the job search process and the amount and duration of unemployment benefits.
(z) fiscal policy that reduces the amount of cyclical unemployment.
A. (x), (y) and (z)
B. (x) and (y) only
C. (x) and (z) only
D. (y) and (z) only
E. (z) only

What are the causes of market failure in competitive markets? Using Microsoft Excel or PowerPoint, construct a graphical example of market failure.This should be embedded into a word document. (PLEASE ANSWER THIS QUESTION WITH AN ORIGINAL ANSWER. I HAVE RECEIVED ANSWERS FROM EXPERTS THAT HAVE JUST REPOSTED SOMEONE ELESE'S ANSWER. THIS IS NOT RIGHT. ALSO, PLEASE CONSTRUCT A GRAPH FOR EACH CAUSE AND PROVIDE AN EXPLANATION ABOUT IT. THANK YOU

As a consumer, when would you favour a strong dollar? What about a weak dollar? Would you consider these factors differently as an employee or employer?

Given the following economy:

Y = C(Y - T) + I(r) + G

C(Y - T) = a + b(Y - T)

I(r) = c - dr

M/P = L(r,Y)

L(r,Y) = eY - fr

i. Solve for Y as a function of r, the exogenous variables G and T, and the model's parameters a, b, c, and d.

ii. Solve for r as a function of Y, M, P, and the parameters e and f.

iii. Derive the aggregate demand curve. This solves for Y as a function of P, the exogenous variables M, G, and T; and the model's parameters. This expression should not contain r.

Hint: For part iii. substitute result from ii. into result from i.

After viewing the YouTube Video "Transportation Challenges"please post comments on measures to alleviate congestion in Trinidad and Tobago.

What, if anything, would be different in evaluating the economic damages between a case in which an employee was permanently disabled in a job-related accident and a case in which an employee was killed in a job-related accident?

Discuss the economic policies conducted by policy makers in the United States in response to the spread of COVID-19. Discuss how effective these policies are in dealing with the economic consequences of this event. Please back your statements with applicable Macroeconomic concepts and such :)

Predict the economic consequences of the spread of the COVID-19 on the economy of the United States in terms of (1) Gross Domestic Product (2) Consumption, (3) Investment, (4) Inflation, (5) The labor market, (6) The business cycle, and (7) The financial System. Just opinions do not count. Please use actual Macroeconomic concepts. Formulas, graphs, etc are welcome :)