Taking these two documents together -- ( From Woodrow Wilson, War Message to Congress in 1917 and From Eugene v. Debs, Speech to the Jury before Sentencing under the Espionage Act (1918) in what contrasting ways are patriotism defined during The Great War? What constitutes a patriotic (or unpatriotic) act according to the Espionage Act, and according to Debs?

Briefly explain the theory behind convergence and why we argued that the evidence for this theory is mixed.

a model with any simplifying assumptions

Macroeconomics

Define productivity efficiency and allocative efficiency. What conditions must be met in order to achieve them?

Questions 2, 3, and 4 ask you to consider the situation described in the article published in Monday, March 2, 2020 issue of The Wall Street Journal and titled “Meat Stockpiles Surge as Coronavirus Epidemic Curbs Exports”. You do not have to read the story to understand the setup of these questions. Here is what you should focus on to complete your analysis.  

• In 2019, U.S. meatpackers had been exporting large amounts of meat (chicken, pork, and beef) to China.
• However, the coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak in January and February 2020 has significantly reduced demand for U.S. meat exports.
• For this analysis, assume the meatpacking industry is perfectly competitive, demand is downward sloping, supply is upward sloping, and production technology results in traditional U-shaped ATCand AVC curves.
• Finally, for questions 2, 3, and 4, market price is always greater than the minimum of the AVC curve.

Question 2:

Assume that prior to the outbreak of the coronavirus (Covid-19), the meatpacking industry was in Long Run Equilibrium (LRE).

• Using our side-by-side graph methodology, graphically depict the market equilibrium P₀ and Q₀, the optimal output of an individual firm representative of the other firms in the industry at this LRE (labeled as q₀), and the individual firm’s profit if any (shaded and clearly labeled).
• Provide a brief narrative explaining the setting and the profitability of an individual firm in an LRE (including why there is a certain level of profit in this setting).
• Reminder: Be sure to label all relevant points and axes.

Please focus only on the variables I have provided as I have been very specific

Question 1

The core elements of the Growth Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy of the South African government in 1996, under the leadership of the then finance minister Trevor Manuel, were amongst other things:

 budget reform to strengthen the redistributive thrust of expenditure

 monetary policy to prevent a resurgence of inflation

 a reduction in tariffs to contain input prices and facilitate industrial restructuring, compensating partially for the exchange rate depreciation

Using the below macroeconomic variables measure whether the strategy was successful or not.

1. gini coefficient or Lorenz curve
2. Inflation rate
3. Exchange rate or BoP accounts

10. The type of non-price rationing that most closely approaches the market outcome is:

A) favored customer rationing.

B) first-come, first-served basis or queuing.

C) coupon rationing with coupons that can be resold.

D) coupon rationing with coupons that cannot be resold.

Consider the market for generic soda, a product that only has “soda” on its label. We know that demand for generic soda falls when income increases, demand rises when the price of other soda increases, and that demand rises when the price of potato chips falls.

11. Refer to Scenario 1. Graph “soda” and explain the effect on equilibrium price and quantity on an increase in income. What type of good is “soda”?

12. Refer to Scenario 1. Graph “soda” and explain the effect on equilibrium price and quantity of an increase in the price of premium soda (ex: Pepsi). How are the goods related?

13. Refer to Scenario 1. Graph and explain the effect on equilibrium price and quantity of “soda” due to an increase in the price of potato chips. How are the goods related?

1 (b) Explain why the supply curve for labor is upward sloping in an industry.

(b) Discuss three basic strategies unions use to raise wages

How will a state and /or federally mandated requirement for late payments not to be considered late impact the bankruptcy laws? What about the many businesses that have been required to close-should there be some consideration given to that fact when many of these business file for bankruptcy? What about those who lose their jobs because their businesses are required to close? What does this do to their lenders and their banks?

How do you think this economic crisis will affect society in the long-term? 

What do you think we as a nation have learned from the 2008-2009 financial crisis?

1. How does the law of one price work? What happens if this law is violated?

Communists believed that their system would be much more efficient than capitalism: They thought that competition between companies was wasteful. Why build three separate headquarters for carmakers. (General Motors, Chrysler and Ford), when you can just build one? Why have three advertising budgets? Why pay for three CEOs? Why not put all the factories together, so that the same engineers can fix problems at all of the plants? Doesn’t one large firm maximize economies of scale? These are all good questions. So why do you think communism turned out to be such an economic disaster, when it sounded like it would be so efficient.

Explain which category each of the following goods falls into (private good, public good, common resource or natural monopoly):

a. Police protection

b. Snow plowing

c. Education

d. Rural roads

e. City streets