Spherical particle of silica of 0.1mm diameter falls in water filled in a glass cylinder of 40 mm internal diameter. Estimate the terminal settling velocity of single particle of silica. Also calculate the terminal settling velocity of silica particles when mass ratio of water to silica is 5.

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Explain the procedures that can be used for tuning the PID controllers. Principles / Advantages / Disadvantages, etc.

Explain what a P, PI and PID controller are and present important features for these controllers.

Proportional

Integral

Derivative

•Research/investigate existing teaching models, procedures, and methods, etc. that used to demonstrate the concept of third angle projection to students/learners

. •Point out the limitation of the existing models, procedures or methods used. Alternatively critique the existing models and consequently list their shortcomings.

•Finally state how you hope to rectify some of the limitations you identified in the existing models above.

•Draw conclusions from your work

Solidification Processing:

Consider the solidification of superheated (Ti = 1480^oC) Inconel X spheres of various sizes (from 1 mm to 1 m diameter) in thick walled Zircon sand molds originally at room temperature and use a heat transfer model to determine how well Chvorinov’s rule is satisfied.

Solidification Processing:

Use a lumped parameter model to estimate the temperature during cooling and so-lidification of a superheated (Ti = 700^oC), spherical Al6061 droplet exposed to a room temperature (To = 25^oC), turbulent flow inert gas environment (heat transfer coefficient values in the range 100 to 500 W/m2C).

Explain how the single card Kanban system works and outline the key benefits the adoption of this system brings to an organization

Identify and assess 3 challenges associated with the implementation of IoT ( Internet of Things ) within the manufacturing system.

Summarise 3 benefits for manufacturers from adopting the IoT ( Internet of Things ).

Only need symbolic solution. Already have anual average winds speeds for location 1 and waiting for location 2 to be assigned. Any help is appriciated.

Consider the Turbine #1 and Turbine #2 wind turbine designs, at the two provided hub heights. Evaluate the four turbine designs for use at a site in Evansville, Indiana (Location 1), and at an alternative site in Location 2. Compare sites near open fields, near small shrubs/trees, and near the city. Assume a Rayleigh distribution and account only for the hours that the wind turbine will be in operation throughout the year. Calculate the actual annual energy output based on the Betz Limit, and determine the capacity factor for each case. Rank the cases in terms of most appealing to least appealing.

a. The Poisson ratio for a volume conserving (incompressible) material is __________________. However, most real materials have Poisson ratio values that are larger / smaller (circle one).

b. How many atoms are contained in the unit cells of the following crystalline structures?

Simple cubic ____________ Body-centered cubic ____________ Face-centered cubic ____________

c. True / False (circle one) The average number of protons in an atom of Iron (Fe) is 55.845. The yield strength of a material increases / decreases (circle one) with increasing grain size.

d. Two materials whose alloy displays a binary eutectic behavior are more / less (circle one) soluble than two materials whose alloy displays a binary isomorphous behavior.

e. After raising the temperature of a steel rod to 850°C for several hours, the sample is quenched in oil. The surface of the sample is expected to be harder / softer (circle one) than the interior.

f. In the event that a particular material displays nonlinear elasticity, the Young's modulus cannot be used to characterize this elastic behavior. Instead, the _______________________ or the ____________________________ are typically used.

g. The value of KIc is typically larger / smaller (circle one) for a brittle material than it is for a ductile material.

h. Described the difference between a thermoset and a thermoplastic polymer. ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________

i. Site three molecular characteristics of a polymer that will influence the material properties: ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

Problem #1: Power and temperature change

You are working with a group investigating biological mechanisms that determine a predisposition to obesity. Your assignment is to measure the rate that energy is output by certain types of cells when a nutrient is introduced. To begin this study, you have decided to use a calorimetric technique. A culture of cells with the appropriate nutrient is placed inside a closed container. That container is submerged in a water bath and you measure the rate that the temperature of the bath changes.

To calibrate the apparatus, you decide to use a resistor connected across a known voltage as a power source. You know that the power output by the resistor is just the current through the resistor times the voltage across the resistor. You then will compare that power to the rate that the internal energy of the water bath changes by measuring its temperature as a function of time. To accomplish this calibration, you calculate the rate of temperature change as a function of the voltage across the resistor, the current through the resistor, the specific heat of the water, and the mass of the water. You know that even with good insulation, your apparatus will transfer some energy to the outside and your measurements will allow you to correct for this.

Equipment: You have a constant voltage power supply, banana wires, alligator clips, a resistive heating apparatus, digital multimeters (DMMs), digital thermometer, and water containers.

Pre-lab: Warm-up and prediction Warmup: It is useful to have an organized problem-solving strategy. The following questions will help with your prediction and the analysis of your data. 1.Make a sketch of the situation. Identify and label the quantities you can measure or look up. Write down the general conservation of energy equation and decide how it will apply to this situation.

2.Identify your system. Decide on the initial time for which you want to calculate the energy of yoursystem and draw the system. Write down the expression for the energy of your system at that time. Decide on the final time for which you want to calculate the energy of your system and draw it. Write down the expression for the energy of your system at that time. Write down an expressionfor any energy transferred to or from your system. Identify the energy transfer on your drawing and whether the terms represent energy input or energy output for your system.

3.Write an equation that associates the change in energy of the liquid with its change in temperature. Write an equation that gives the rate that energy is output by the filament (power = voltage x current; both voltage and current are quantities that you can measure in this experiment).

4.Determine if any of the energy inputs into the systm are small enough to be neglected. Determine if any of the energy outputs from the system are small enough to be neglected. Write down the conservation of energy equation specifically for this situation.

5.Assuming that nothing but electricity transfers energy to or from your system, calculate the change in the temperature of the liquid between your initial and final times. Using this, write an expression that gives the change in temperature of the liquid as a function of time. Sketch a graph 37°C representing this function and write down how you can determine the power transferred from your system in other ways that you have neglected.

Design {block diagram level} a navigation system which can be used on the desert surfaceand also for operations 100 meters underground minee. The required position accuracy ib 10m on the .surface and 5m on the underground.Justify the choice of sencors with its detailed working principle and complete specifications for the mentioned scenario

Consider the low-speed airflow over the NACA 0012 airfoil at low angles of attack. The Reynolds number based on the chord is roughly Rec = 2.88 × 10^6. This flow can reasonably be modeled as incompressible and inviscid. The initial input value for your simulations is provided on the bottom of this assignment. Your need to generate a report to give background introduction, and address the following issues: (inlet Velocity: 1.5 Attack angle: 5)

1. Incompressible, Inviscid Model: Explain why the incompressible, inviscid model for this flow should yield lift coefficient values that match well with experiment but will yield a drag coefficient that is always zero.
2. Boundary Value Problem: What is the boundary value problem (BVP) you need to solve to obtain the velocity and pressure distributions for this flow at any angle of attack? Indicate governing equations, domain and boundary conditions (u = 0 at a certain boundary etc.). For each of the boundary conditions, indicate also the corresponding boundary type that you need to select.
3. Coefficient of Pressure: Run a simulation for the NACA 0012 airfoil based on the initial conditions assigned to you with a mesh with 15000 elements and a mesh with 40000 elements. Plot the pressure coefficient obtained from FLUENT on the same plot as data obtained from experiment. The experimental data is from Gregory & O’Reilly, NASA R&M 3726, Jan 1970 and plot is provided in PDF format for you to digitize in Excel. Follow the aeronautical convention of flipping the vertical axis so that negative Cp values are above and positive Cp values are below.
4. Lift and Drag Coefficient: Obtain the lift and drag coefficients from the FLUENT results on the two meshes. Compare these with experimental or expected values (present this comparison as a table). For example, the experimental values for 10 degree angle of attack are: Cl = 1.2219; Cd = 0.0138.

Is there a pressure loss when water flows through a heat exchanger( specifically a helical coil heat exchanger through the tubes ) if it is the case, how do you calculate the pressure loss ?