Question

Define a class called Rational for rational numbers. A rational number is a number that can be represented as the quotient of two integers. For example, /2, 3/4, 64/2, and so forth are all rational numbers.

Represent rational numbers as two private values of type int, numfor the numerator and den for the denominator. The class has a default constructor with default values (num = 0,den = 1), a copy constructor, an assignment operator and three friend functions for operator overloading +, << and >>.

In + operator, the sum of a/b and c/d is (a*d+b*c)/bd. In >> operator, if the user enter 0 for the denominator, output error message and prompt user to type again (use while loop). In << operator, output a rational number in the format a/b. If a = 0, just output 0. If b = 1, just output a. If the number is a/-b, output –a/b. If the number is –a/-b, output a/b. In the main function, declare two objects and use operator >> and assign data for them. Then sum the two numbers and display the results. Sample output:

Enter two integers: 3 0

Error: the denominator cannot be 0. Try again.

Enter two integers: 2 3

Enter two integers: 3 -4

2/3 + -3/4 = -1/12

(2 bonus marks) Add a private member function with function prototype void normalize( ) to normalize the values stored so that, after normalization, the denominator is positive and the numerator and denominator are as small as possible. For example, after normalization 4/-8 would be represented the same as -1/2. You must email me your code for this part.

Answer 1

//Your CPP code

#include
using namespace std;
class Rational{//class
   private:
       int num,den;
   public :
       Rational(){//default constructor
           num=0;
           den=1;
       }
       Rational(Rational const &obj){
           num=obj.num;
           den=obj.den;
       }
   int gcd(int a,int b){//gcd to normalize
       if(a == 0)return b;
       else
           gcd(b%a,a);
   }
        void normalize(){
       int n = this->num;
       int m = this->den;
       if( m < 0 ){
           m = -m;
           n = -n;
       }
       int k = gcd(m,n);
       if(k>0){//normalization
       m = m/k;
       n = n/k;}
       this->num=n;
       this->den=m;
   }//friend function prototype
   friend Rational operator+(Rational const &,Rational const &);
   friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,Rational &);
   friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Rational &);  
};
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,Rational &ob){
   if(ob.den < 0){
       ob.den = -ob.den;
       ob.num = -ob.num;
   }
   if(ob.num == 0 || ob.den == 1){
       out<    }else{
       out<    }
}
Rational operator+(Rational const &obj1 , Rational const &obj2 ){
   Rational R;
   R.num = obj1.num*obj2.den + obj2.num*obj1.den;
   R.den = obj1.den*obj2.den;
   return R;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &in ,Rational &obj1){
   int n,d;
   printf("Enter Numerator : ");
   in>>n;
   while(1){
       printf("Enter Denominator : ");
       in>>d;
       if(d == 0)
       printf("Wrong input again Enter ,Denominator can't be 0\n");
       else
           break;  
   }
   obj1.num = n;
   obj1.den = d;
   return in;
}
int main(){
   int i , j , k ;
   Rational R1,R2,R4;//object creation
   cin>>R1;
   cin>>R2;//>> operator called
   Rational R3 = R1+R2;//+ operator called
   printf("Sum result\n");
   cout<    R4=R3;
  
   R4.normalize();// Your additional function
   printf("Normalize answer\n");
   cout< return 0;
}

//Screenshot of my editor

//Screenshot of my output terminal