List the three phases of matter in order of the distance between the particles. List the...

List the three phases of matter in order of the distance between the particles. List the properties of each phase. Explain what causes matter to change states.

Expert Solution

The three phases of matter are -

1. Solid
The molecules are very closely packed together. Distance between the particles is minimum.
- The inter-molecular force of attraction is maximum.
- They have negligible compressibility.
- They have a fixed volume and a definite shape with distinct boundaries.
- They are rigid and thus the kinetic energy of the particles is minimum.

2. Liquid
The molecules are somewhat loosely packed allowing it to flow.
- The inter-molecular force of attraction is less than solids.
- They can be compressed.
- They have a fixed volume but do not possess a definite shape or distinct boundaries.
- The kinetic energy of the particles is more than solids.

3. Gas
The molecules are very loosely packed. Distance between the particles is maximum.
- The inter-molecular force of attraction is least.
- They can be compressed.
- They neither have a definite shape nor a fixed volume.
- The kinetic energy of the particles is maximum.

Addition and removal of energy is what causes the change in states of matter. When thermal energy or heat is added to liquid, it gets converted into vapor or gas. Similarly, when heat is removed from the liquid, it freezes to become solid ice.

genius_generous answered 2 hours ago

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