Question

please (TYPE) the answer, I do not want handwriting

Lab: Isolation and Identification of the Major Component of Cloves

1) There are many steps for the extraction and isolation of the final product from the distillate. There are three solutions that you will be working with in the extraction process: 1.) Dichloromethane. 2.) 2M NaOH. 3.) 6M HCl. Please explain the purpose for each of these solutions in the workup process. (Hint: Think acid/base chemistry

Answer 1

I think you are working with the Eugeenol extraction from clove which generally follows these steps. As far as the solutions are considered all of them have their respective uses . Let's talk about them one by one

1- CH₂Cl₂ This is generally used to form solutions with the organic part although this has dipole moment still it is not miscible with water but it is a better solvent for many organic compounds hence we use dichloromethane here to seperate organic part from water and make solution with it. Emulsions can be formed here. Because dichloromethane evaporates easily so it is useful solvent.

2- NaOH This is use to make to move deprotonated eugenol to aq. layer. Because with this a possible proton transfer can happen if eugenol is somewhere protonated between the process.

3- HCl. This is used at last after the use of NaOH to remove the excess NaOH present in the mixture and to drop down the PH to the value near to 1. In eugenol Phenolic group is present which is deprotonated resulting the more stable phenoxide ion. To regain the phenolic group HCl is used. So basically it is used to protonated the deprotonated system.

Remember at last Dichloromethane is further used for extraction.