Question

case study: Patient A is a 30-year-old male was admitted to the hospital from home after 1 week of cough, profuse nocturnal sweating, loss of appetite, and hyposomnia. He was seen by an emergency room physician who noted signs of depression. The patient has a history of intravenous drug abuse and hepatitis B.

Tmax	38.0ºC
Heart Rate	110 beats per minute
Respiratory Rate	20 breaths per minute
Blood Pressure	130/76
Oxygen Saturation	98% on room air
General	Young male, looks older then stated age
HEENT	Depressed, pupils equally round and reactive to light and accommodation
Neck	Supple
Resp	Unilateral (left side) crepitation
Card	Regular rate and rhythm, no murmurs, rubs, or gallops
Abd	Slightly distended
Ext	No edema
Skin	Excoriated, otherwise normal
Neuro	Slightly altered, but baseline

Na: 133	Creatinine: 1.8
K: 4.1	WBC: 9.48 x 109/L
Cl: 96	Hgb: 11.4 g/dL (114 g/L)
Platelets: 149 109/L	HIV test: Negative

Radiology

Chest X-ray showed infiltrate in the middle of left lung with diameter of 1.7 cm with signs of cavitation.

Blood Culture	No growth at 5 days
Sputum Smear Gram Stain	4+ squamous epithelial cells, 1+ segmented neutrophils, no organisms
AFS (acid fast stain)	No organisms
Sputum Culture	No growth at 48 hrs
MGIT (mycobacteria growth indicator tube)	Negative

Q1. Explain the steps in which the specimen is collected, handled, and how the specimen is analyzed.                      

Q2. Evaluate and explain the patient’s lab results.

Q3. Explain the lab tests and methods that you will carry out and use in order to diagnose the patient.

Q4. Explain how you would determine the acceptability of quality control test result data.

please answer

Answer 1

Collection of samples......Avoid patient identification errors. ...Draw the tubes in the proper sequence. ...Use proper containers for collection. ...Specimens must be obtained in the proper tubes or containers, correctly labeled, and should be handle with care, universal safety precautions should always be employed. Appropriate protective clothing and personal protective items should be worn.then promptly transported to the laboratory.the specimen are analysed in a series of tests to help diagnose certain conditions affecting the pt analysis is a process of identifying the causative agents in the sample . The analyser are used to analyse the sample

2) the temperature of the pt is normal with tachycardia, bp is normal , oxygen saturation is in normal ranges. The blood test shows the increased criatinine,slight hyponatriemia , no bacterial growth in any test

3) the lab test like ,blood test and urine tests will help to rule out the depression because these signs like loss of appetite, night sweating and coughing (psychogenic cough) are in case of depression

4) quality control testing is to validate precision and accuracy of the results of patient sample testing. ensuring that the quality of results being produced by laboratory testing will not compromise the clinical care of the patient.to determine the quality control test it detect, reduce, and correct deficiencies in a laboratory's internal analytical process prior to the release of patient reports.