A common phrase used in biology is that "structure dictates function." Write this in your own words, and using the example of sickle cell anemia, explain how a single mutation can affect the function of red blood cells. This question requires knowledge of biological molecules and DNA/ RNA synthesis.

1. The year is 2050 and you are a scientist working with a Canadian Space Agency investigating new lifeforms from other planets. You have been asked to characterize a new lifeform called “pardigrades” from Planet XB-11.
   1. Pardigrades are highly resistant to solar radiation. Based on your knowledge of Earth-based animal lifeforms, what kind of tissue would you expect to be responsible for protecting pardigrades from irradiation? Justify your answer. (/3)
   2. You have no live pardigrades to study but you think that they must move, based on 18 foot-like structures that you find on the ventral surface of their body (i.e. their underbelly). What kind of tissue would you expect to control voluntary movements of pardigrades? (/1)
   3. You dissect a pardigrade and look at a histological slide of its foot tissue under a light microscope. You observe tissue that is uniform in appearance. When you apply electricity, the tissue contracts uniformly and returns to its resting state. What type of tissue are you observing under a microscope? Justify your answer. (/3)
   4. Your supervisor asks you to investigate how pardigrades are able to stay warm in the cold, vast vacuum of outerspace. Remember: you don’t have access to a live pardigrade. Based on what you know about animals on Earth, explain a simple test or observation you could make to tell you about how pardigrades stay warm. (/2)
   5. You are the only biologist on the team and your colleagues ask you what you can tell them about how you think pardigrades maintain homeostasis. You think about it and decide to tell them you expect that pardigrades use the most common way that animals on Earth maintain homeostasis. Name the most common mechanism through which animals on Earth maintain homeostasis. (/1)

Answer the following questions with clear explanation.

a. Explain intuitively what does population mean and variance tells you about the distribution of a random variable?

b. Can you think of a reason why do we mostly only care about mean and variance a random variable since the distribution function could involve more than the two parameters?

c. Explain why we could use a sample data to draw conclusions about a population parameter?

d. Is p-value of a hypothesis test a random variable, why? e. If you reject your null hypothesis, you have proved that the null hypothesis is wrong. Is this a correct statement, why?

Explain in detail the Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) in the Zambian context.
What has been the effect of adopting it as an expenditure management framework?

What would a "perfect" healthcare system look like?

*please explain in detail with accurate scholarly information. *please cute referencses.Thank you!

What is the difference between a stress and a strain? Which is the cause and which is the effect? Provide one example to illustrate each and explain the difference in detail.

What is the Elmore delay of an n-input NAND gate? Please explain in detail and either type answer or write with organized and clear handwriting.

What is the rationale for subsidizing higher education in LDCS? Do you think that it is a legitimate rationale from an economic point of view? Explain in detail

6.What are the determinants of consumption according the Keynesian view? Write the Keynesian consumption function and explain its meaning in detail (15 points).