As part of an experiment on the effects of behaviour modelling,
raters are evaluating the prosocial behaviours in a series of
videotapes of a class of pre-schoolers. Initially, the raters were
quite strict in their ratings, but after three hours of rating,
their criteria had changed. What type of threat to internal
validity has occurred?
A. History
B. Testing
C. Regression to the mean
D. *Instrumentation*
Reset Selection
Question 2 of 50 1 Points
Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when
participants are selected for treatment because they score
particularly high on a less than perfectly reliable tests?
A. Instrumentation
B. *Testing*
C. History
D. Statistical regression
A specification of how a researcher measures a
research variable is known as a(n)
A. *operational definition*
B. independent variable
C. replication.
D. dependent variable
In an experiment, every participant in one group meets someone playing the part of an “annoying” student and then answers questions about their happiness in the university. The person playing the “annoying” role in the study is called a _____.
A. participant
B. cover story
C. control variable
D. *confe*
You identified the 15 employees in a large
organization who were absent from work the most days during the
previous month. You require these employees to attend a one-day
program on time and stress management in an attempt to reduce
absenteeism. In the following month, all of the employees improved
their attendance. The improvement could be caused by the program or
it might be due to:
A. mortality
B. statistical regression
C. *history*
D. instrument decay
In order to minimize participant expectations as a
source of confound in an experiment, a researcher used a technique
called __________, which involves concealing the real purpose of
the experiment from the participants. After the experiment, the
researcher gave full details about theC experiment to the
participants in a procedure called _________.
A. single-blind; debriefing
B. deception; interview
C. randomization; matching
D.* deception; debriefing*
A researcher asks 40 pupils (from a school with 200
pupils) to participate in an experiment on altruism. The 40 pupils
constitute a:
A. variable
B. population
C. *sample*
D. control group
In psychological experiment, the dependent variable
is
A. always an extraneous in a field experiment.
B. *usually a behaviour.*
C. observed in naturalistic settings.
D. controlled by the experimenter.
In experimental research, the researcher
manipulates
A. all variables
B. *at *least one independent* variable*‼️
C. at least one dependent variable
D. one independent variable and one dependent variable
As a part of his summer internship, Raymond, an
18-year-old psychology student wanted to study the levels of
marital unhappiness among professionally qualified women graduates.
What is the most likely experimenter effect in this study?
A. Experimenter knowledge
B. Experimenter expectancies
C. *Experimenter attributes*‼️
D. Experimenter bias
A study conducted in the early 1970s showed depression and alienation to be the primary effects of institutionalization among elderly couples whose children had migrated to other countries and hence were unable to give them physical care and support. The same study when conducted in the 1990s may not have had a similar inference because this had become a more common phenomenon by then. More youngsters were migrating due to greater availability of educational and professional opportunities, and institutional care had also started focusing on age-specific recreation. Which validity did the first study not have?
A. Population validity
B. *Temporal validity*‼️
C. Treatment validity
D. Ecological validity
What does an empiricist believe?
A. Research conducted in the 19th century was biased and
unreliable.
B. **Knowledge*, in the form of 'facts', should be gained through
sensory experience.*‼️
C. It is the psychologist's aim to understand the meaning of
alienation.
D. We should not Capply natural science methods to social science
research
Which of the following best describes a confounding
variable?
A. A variable that is made up only of categories.
B. *A variable that affects the outcome being measured as well as,
or instead of, the independent variable.*
C. A variable that has been measured using an unreliable
scale.
D. A variable that is manipulated by the experimenter.
In experimentation, _____________means any member of
the selected sample has an equal chance of being assigned to each
experimental condition while _____________means any member of the
population has an equal chance of being selected as a
participant.
A. *random assignment; random selection*
B. matching; counterbalancing
C. random selection; random assignment
D. counterbalancing; matching
A group of psychologists conducted an experiment to investigate whether moral messages could promote public health behaviours in relation to COVID-19. Participants read a Facebook post urging people to stay at home, which was either accompanied by a “deontological” argument, telling people it was their duty to protect their community; a “utilitarian” argument, asking people to think of the negative consequences of not making these sacrifices now; an appeal to virtue, reminding people that staying home is what a good person would do; or no moral argument. They then indicated how likely they would be to adopt public health-related behaviours like washing their hands after getting home or avoiding public gatherings. In this experiment, there is/are __________ with _______ .
A. two dependent variables; four levels
B. two dependent variables; two levels
C. one independent variable; two levels
D. *one independent variable; four levels*
Which method of manipulating the independent variable
in an experiment commonly involves the use of confederates?
A. Varying the amount of the variable
B. Varying the type of variable
C. Manipulation by instruction
D. *Staged manipulation*
In an experimental research study, the primary goal is
to isolate and identify the effect produced by the ____.
A. dependent variable
B. confounding variable
C. *extraneous variable*
D. independent variable
Which of the following describe methods of
manipulating the independent variable in an experiment?
A. An independent variable is manipulated using the presence or
absence technique.
B. The researchers vary the amount of the independent variable
administered.
C. The researcher varies the type of the independent
variable.
D. *All of the above*
A researcher does a study examining the effects of a preschool program. He uses a non-equivalent comparison group design. He finds that the cognitive growth of his experimental group is greater than that of his control. Unfortunately, he later finds that in general children who live in the area where he drew his experimental group tend to grow faster cognitively than children who were from the area where he drew his control group. When he discovered this problem, he discovered what threat to the internal validity of his study?
A. History effect
B. Selection-instrumentation effect
C. Testing effect
D. *Selection-maturation effect*
Which of the following components of the research
process should be performed first?
A. Coming up with hypotheses
B. Conducting the experiment
C. *Identifying the problem*
D. Data analysis
Experimenter expectancies usually result in
participants
A. behaving in a natural way.
B. behaving in a manner opposite of experimenter
expectations.
C. not understanding the directions of the experimenter
D. *behaving in a manner consistent with experimenter
expectations.
*
In double-blind experiments...
A. *neither the participants nor experimenters know who receives
the real treatment*
B. test results are unacceptable
C. placebos are not used
D. only the experimentersV know who receives the real
treatment
The definition of a psychological construct such as ‘altruism’ in such a way as to allow measurement of it is known as…
A. *operational definition*
B. hypothesizing
C. Scale of measurement
D. conceptualization
In an experiment, every participant in one group meets
someone playing the part of an “annoying” student and then answers
questions about their happiness in the university. The person
playing the “annoying” role in the study is called a _____.
A. cover story
B. *confederate*
C. participant
D. control variable
Which of these studies appears to have the most
external validity?
A. Observers at intersections recorded drivers engaged in
distracting activities.
B. An anonymous online survey asked people to report others who
text and drive
C. *Experimenters recruited community members at a store who were
willing to text and drive.*
D. A survey of students asked about experiences with texting while
driving.
In an effort to control _________, possible instructions given to participants as well as the recording of their responses can be automated for consistency
A. participant effects
B. sequencing effects
C. mortality
D. *experimenter effects*
Students who have been given extra credit will report more satisfaction with their course than students who have not been given extra credit.” This statement best represents a(n)
A. problem identification
B. extraneous variable
C. *hypothesis*
D. theory
A researcher does a study examining the effects of a
preschool program. He uses a non-equivalent comparison group
design. He finds that the cognitive growth of his experimental
group is greater than that of his control. Unfortunately, he later
finds that in general children who live in the area where he drew
his experimental group tend to grow faster cognitively than
children who were from the area where he drew his control group.
When he discovered this problem, he discovered what threat to the
internal validity of his study?
A. Selection-maturation effect
B. Testing effect
C. History effect
D. *Selection-instrumentation effect
*
Individuals who are sleep-deprived will differ
significantly in their reaction time compared to those individuals
who are not sleep-deprived". If this is the alternate hypothesis,
which of the below statements would be the correct null
hypothesis?
A. Greater sleep deprivation leads to a decrease in reaction
time.
B. *Individuals who are sleep-deprived will not differ in their
reaction time from those individuals who are not
sleep-deprived.*
C. Individuals who have more sleep will differ in their reaction
time from those individuals who are sleep-deprived.
D. Individuals who are not sleep-deprived will differ in their
reaction time from those individuals who are sleep deprived.
A researcher asks 40 pupils (from a school with 200 pupils) to participate in an experiment on altruism. The 40 pupils constitute a:
A. *sample*
B. population
C. control group
D. variable
A researcher wants to investigate students' susceptibility to internet addiction. He believes that students' age and gender can determine their level of susceptibility to internet addiction. What variable(s) will the researcher be measuring?
A. Susceptibility to internet addiction and age
B. Susceptibility to internet addiction
C. *Susceptibility to internet addiction and gender*
D. Age and gender
In an effort to control _________, possible
instructions given to participants as well as the recording of
their responses can be automated for consistency
A. mortality
B. sequencing effects
C. *experimenter effects*
D. participant effects
We review the relevant literature to know:
A. what is already known about a topic.
B. what concepts and theories have been applied to a topic.
C. who the key contributors to a topic are.
D. *all of the above*
Experimenter expectancies usually result in participants
A. *behaving in a manner consistent with experimenter expectations.*
B. not understanding the directions of the experimenter
C. behaving in a natural way.
D. behaving in a manner opposite of experimenter
expectations.
Which of the following research studies would you
possibly classify as violating the tenets of science and hence, not
legitimate in reaching a valid conclusion?
A. Comparing class test results after maintaining uniformity in
study conditions.
B. Observing child behaviour in response to punishment
C. *Promoting a health drink based on a parent's perception of high
increase.*
D. Identifying what type of personality leads to increased social
media usage.
Which of the following describe methods of manipulating the independent variable in an experiment?
A. An independent variable is manipulated using the presence or absence technique.
B. The researchers vary the amount of the independent variable administered.
C. The researcher varies the type of the independent variable.
D. *All of the above*
In research terms, what is a sample?
A. All the volunteers who express an interest in the study
B. *A subset of the population who actually participate in a
research study.*
C. A group of people to whom the conclusion of the study will
apply
D. A group that contains fewer than 50 people or animals.
Participants in an experiment have some information about it and construct their own perceptions of it. This is called the __________ of the experiment.
A. *Demand characteristics*
B. Compensatory equalization
C. Confounding constructs
D. Positive self-presentation
Giving placebos in drug experiment is necessary
to
A. *control for the effects of suggestions and expectations.*
B. keep control subjects from knowing they have been given the
drug.
C. counteract the side effects of the drug.
D. counteract the random assignment of subjects.
Which of the following threats to internal validity arises when participants are selected for treatment because they score particularly high on a less than perfectly reliable tests?
A. History
B. Instrumentation
C. Statistical regression
D. *Testing*
In order to summarize or organize a series of
observations in some meaningful way, psychologists may
develop
A. surveys
B. experiments
C. *theories*
D. hypothesis
What is a research design?
A. The style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a
graph.
B. *The choice of using qualitative or quantitative methods.*
C. A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of
data.
D. A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory.
As part of an experiment on the effects of behaviour modelling, raters are evaluating the prosocial behaviours in a series of videotapes of a class of pre-schoolers. Initially, the raters were quite strict in their ratings, but after three hours of rating, their criteria had changed. What type of threat to internal validity has occurred?
A. *Instrumentation*
B. Regression to the mean
C. Testing
D. History
A researcher wanted to examine the impact of classroom
technology on the class attendance of male and female students.
Students are randomly assigned to a class with either no
technology, moderate technology, or extensive technology. The study
showed that, overall, class attendance was highest in the moderate
technology group, followed by the extensive technology group, and
lowest in the no technology group. Although male students generally
had higher class attendance than female students, this sex
difference was found only in the extensive technology group. What
effects do the findings of the study indicate?
A. Main effect of classroom technology only
B. Main effect of sex only
C. Main effects of both classroom technology and sex
D. *Main effects and interaction effect of both classroom
technology and sex*
In a simple between-subjects experimental design, each
subject is given ______ level of the independent variable; in a
within-subjects design each subject is given ______ level of the
independent variable.
A. one; one
B. *one; each*
C. each; one
D. each; each
Which of the following fictional results is not an example of an interaction effect?
A. The level of humidity greatly affects people’s comfort levels in the summer heat, but in the winter cold humidity levels make much less of a difference on comfort levels.
B. *People who attend church regularly donate more money to charity than nonchurch goers unless they are poor, in which case church attendance makes no difference*
C. Children who watch violent TV shows are more aggressive than children who do not watch violent TV shows, although all children watch the same amount of TV.
D. With normally active children, the stimulating
effect of amphetamines increases as the dosage increases, but with
hyperactive children the greater the dose of amphetamines, the
calmer the children
The between- and within-participant designs are
distinguished on the basis of
A. *whether the various treatment conditions use different or the
same participants.*
B. the type of dependent variables that can be used.
C. whether they can test for the effect of interaction
D. the number of independent variables they can test.
Which of the following is similar to a pretest-posttest design, but with more dependent variable measures?
A. ex post facto design
B. *pretest posttest non-equivalent control group design*
C. interrupted time series design
D. regression-discontinuity design
All of these are examples of scientific misconduct
except
A. plagiarism.
B. fabricating data.
C. falsifying data.
D. *using deception in a research study.*
In an experiment examining the impact of noise on
memory, participants were asked to recall a list of words in a
noisy room and then were asked to recall a list of words in a quiet
room. This is an example of a(an) ________________ design.
A. counterbalanced square
B. between-participants
C. *within-participants*
D. solomon four-group
How does the posttest-only design with non-equivalent
groups rectify the disadvantages presented by the one-group
posttest-only and the one-group pretest-posttest design?
A. By assessing knowledge, attitude, and behaviour
B. By adding a pretest to measure the dependent variable
C. By including experimental manipulation followed by
measurement
D. *By including a control*
Which of the following is not one of the key characteristics of a true experiment?
A. The manipulation of a variable.
B. *All participants experience all experimental conditions.*
C. Holding everything constant apart from the variable being manipulated.
D. The measurement of changes caused by the
manipulation of a variable
Which of the following is not a problem associated
with between-subjects design?
A. Subject attrition
B. *Carry-over effect*
C. Unequal treatment groups prior to the introduction of the
independent variable
D. The between-subjects design is a conservative design
The between- and within-participant designs are distinguished on the basis of
A. the type of dependent variables that can be used.
B. the number of independent variables they can test.
C. *whether the various treatment conditions use
different or the same participants.*
D. whether they can test for the effect of interaction
Quasi-experimental designs have:
A. An IV and a DV
B. Non-random allocation of participants to conditions
C. No IV or DV
D.* a and b above*
A researcher is examining the effect of drinking alcohol on the ability to play darts. Half of the participants drink a pint of beer, while the other half drink a pint of water. All participants throw three darts at a dartboard and have the score recorded. How is this experiment best summarized?
A. Between-groups design: independent variable is the amount of alcohol drunk; dependent variable is the three dart score.
B. Between-groups design: independent variable is the three dart score; dependent variable is the amount of alcohol drunk.
C. Within-groups design: independent variable is the three dart score; dependent variable is the amount of alcohol drunk.
D. *Within-groups design:independent variable is the amount of alcohol drunk; dependent variable is the three dart score.*
In: Psychology
An experiment is picking a card from a fair deck. a.) What is the probability of picking a Jack given that the card is a face card? b.) What is the probability of picking a heart given that the card is a three? c.) What is the probability of picking a red card given that the card is an ace? d.) Are the events Jack and face card independent events? Why or why not? e.) Are the events red card and ace independent events? Why or why not?
In: Math
A student conducted an experiment to determine what factors are important in the rate of a reaction between potassium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. The student diluted 2.000 mL of 4.000 M K2CO3 to 75.00 mL, then combined that solution with 75.00 mL of 2.000 M HCl.
The student tabulated the amount of CO2 gas collected over time and recorded the results in the columns to the left.
| Time (min) | Volume (mL) |
| 1 | 0.2 |
| 2 | 0.3 |
| 3 | 0.5 |
| 4 | 0.7 |
| 5 | 0.9 |
| 6 | 1 |
| 7 | 1.2 |
| 8 | 1.3 |
| 9 | 1.5 |
| 10 | 1.7 |
| 11 | 1.9 |
| 12 | 2 |
| 13 | 2.2 |
| 14 | 2.4 |
| 15 | 2.5 |
| 16 | 2.7 |
| 17 | 2.9 |
| 18 | 3 |
| 19 | 3.2 |
| 20 | 3.4 |
| 21 | 3.5 |
| 22 | 3.7 |
| 23 | 3.9 |
| 24 | 4.1 |
| 25 | 4.2 |
| 26 | 4.4 |
| 27 | 4.6 |
| 28 | 4.7 |
| 29 | 4.9 |
| 30 | 5.1 |
| 31 | 5.2 |
| 32 | 5.4 |
| 33 | 5.6 |
| 34 | 5.7 |
| 35 | 5.9 |
| 36 | 6.1 |
| 37 | 6.2 |
| 38 | 6.4 |
| 39 | 6.6 |
| 40 | 6.8 |
| 41 | 6.9 |
| 42 | 7.1 |
| 43 | 7.3 |
| 44 | 7.4 |
| 45 | 7.6 |
| 46 | 7.8 |
| 47 | 7.9 |
| 48 | 8.1 |
| 49 | 8.3 |
| 50 | 8.4 |
| 51 | 8.6 |
| 52 | 8.8 |
| 53 | 9 |
| 54 | 9.1 |
| 55 | 9.3 |
| 56 | 9.5 |
| 57 | 9.6 |
| 58 | 9.8 |
| 59 | 10 |
| 60 | 10.1 |
| 61 | 10.3 |
| 62 | 10.5 |
| 63 | 10.6 |
| 64 | 10.8 |
| 65 | 11 |
| 66 | 11.1 |
| 67 | 11.3 |
| 68 | 11.5 |
| 69 | 11.7 |
| 70 | 11.8 |
| 71 | 12 |
| 72 | 12.2 |
| 73 | 12.3 |
| 74 | 12.5 |
| 75 | 12.7 |
| 76 | 12.8 |
| 77 | 13 |
| 78 | 13.2 |
| 79 | 13.3 |
| 80 | 13.5 |
| 81 | 13.7 |
| 82 | 13.8 |
| 83 | 14 |
| 84 | 14.2 |
| 85 | 14.4 |
| 86 | 14.5 |
| 87 | 14.7 |
| 88 | 14.9 |
| 89 | 15 |
| 90 | 15.2 |
| 91 | 15.4 |
| 92 | 15.5 |
| 93 | 15.7 |
| 94 | 15.9 |
| 95 | 16 |
| 96 | 16.2 |
| 97 | 16.4 |
| 98 | 16.6 |
| 99 | 16.7 |
| 100 | 16.9 |
1. Use a rearrangement of PV = nRT to solve for the number of moles of CO2 produced. You may assume atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Enter (and fill down) your formula in column C.
This is suppose to be an excel file bt i do not know how to manipulate the formula where I can put it into excel and what information to extract from the problem to use in order to help solve the problem.
HELP PLEASE !!
In: Chemistry
Assuming that the smallest measurable wavelength in an experiment is 0.570 fm , what is the maximum mass of an object traveling at 745 m ⋅ s-1 for which the de Broglie wavelength is observable?
When an excited electron in a hydrogen atom falls from n=7n to n=2, a photon of ultraviolet light is emitted. If an excited electron in an He+ ion falls from n=5, which energy level must it fall to (n1) for ultraviolet light of a similar wavelength to be emitted?
In: Chemistry
Data for Experiment 108- Frequency of Vibration
Frequency and Tension
Trial 1 Trial 2
Vibrating Length (L) 50 cm 65 cm
Number of Segments (n) 2 2
Attached Mass (m) 70g 90g
Linear Mass Density 0.0015 g/cm 0.0015 g/cm
Actual Frequency 120 Hz 120 Hz
Find the Following. Use the correct number of Significant Figures.
1. Tension ( T=mg) in Trial 1 and Trial 2
2. Experimental Frequency in both trials.
3. Percentage error in both trials.
In: Physics
Fill out schedule D with these Facts
Facts:
| Brian and Sheila Williams were married in October of 2008. They live at 1000 Main Street, Atlanta, GA 33127. Brian is a postal service worker. Sheila is a teacher at Grady High School. Brian’s social security number is 555-11-1111 and Sheila’s social security number is 555-22-2222. They have a dependent daughter Jayla who is 10 years old (Born on May 12th). Jayla’s social security number is 555-33-3333. In 2016, Brian's wages was $45,860 while Sheila's was $43,590. | ||||||||||
| Included or Excluded Items | ||||||||||
| Two years ago, the taxpayer loaned a friend $2000. The friend has filed for bankruptcy this year and will not be able to repay | ||||||||||
| Earned $100 interest on county municipal bonds | ||||||||||
| Found a diamond worth $1000 on the ground | ||||||||||
| Received $500 in death benefits fron Brian's father | ||||||||||
| Received $4,000 court settlement. $1,000 was punitive damanges. | ||||||||||
| Brian paid $400/month in child support | ||||||||||
| Received a $1000 gift from his brother | ||||||||||
| Sheila won $100 playing bingo | ||||||||||
| Brian paid $200/month in alimony to his ex-wife | ||||||||||
| Sheila received a $1000 gift from her mother | ||||||||||
| Sheila spent $300 on supplies for her classroom | ||||||||||
| Portfolio Investments | ||||||||||
| Stock | Acquired | Sold | Sales Price | Cost (Basis) | Qualified Dividends | |||||
| Red Stock | 2/1/2016 | 10/5/2016 | $6,000 | $2,500 | $0 | |||||
| White Stock | 6/11/2009 | 10/15/2016 | $5,000 | $4,000 | $100 | |||||
| Blue Stock | 10/1/2005 | 8/3/2016 | $2,000 | $10,000 | $0 | |||||
| Black Stock | 3/6/2016 | 12/15/2016 | $3,000 | $5,000 | $0 | |||||
| Yellow Stock | 4/5/2006 | N/A | N/A | $5,000 | $300 | |||||
| Interest Income Source | Amount | |||||||||
| Money Market Account | $200 | |||||||||
| Savings Account | $25 | |||||||||
| State Municipal Bonds | $35 | |||||||||
| Rental Property | ||||||||||
| They own and rent two pieces of residential real estate in Miami, FL. These properties were acquired with cash (so there are no mortgages on the homes). They both have real estate broker licenses in Georgia and Florida. They dedicate enough hours (through their business) to qualify as a “real estate professional” with regard to these properties. | ||||||||||
| Property 1 | ||||||||||
| The first property is located at 17750 NW 17th Ave, Miami, FL. They collect $1,000 monthly in rent. The property was purchased June 30, 2016 for $150,000. The tax records show that the value of the land is $30,000 and the value of the home was $90,000 when purchased. They actively participate in the management of the real property. | ||||||||||
| The property has the following expenditures: | ||||||||||
| Property tax | $7,000/yr | |||||||||
| Repairs | $ 900/yr | |||||||||
| Insurance | $1,200/yr | |||||||||
| Washing Machine | $300 | (purchased 6/2/2015) | ||||||||
| Refrigerator | $700 | (purchased 7/1/2016) | ||||||||
| Furniture | $2,000 | (purchased 4/1/2014) | ||||||||
| Property 2 | ||||||||||
| The second property is located at 5610 NW 11th Ave, Miami, FL. They collect $1,500 monthly in rent. The property was purchased on June 12, 2016 for $100,000. The tax records show that the value of the land is $20,000 and the value of the home was $80,000 when purchased. They actively participate in the management of the real property. | ||||||||||
| The property has the following expenditures: | ||||||||||
| Property tax | $6,200/yr | |||||||||
| Repairs | $3,000/yr | |||||||||
| Insurance | $1,200/yr | |||||||||
| Legal fees | $ 500/yr | |||||||||
| Advertising Expense | $ 500/yr | |||||||||
"SCHEDULE D (Form 1040) Department of the Treasury Internal Revenue Service (99)" "Capital Gains and Losses ? Attach to Form 1040 or Form 1040NR. ? Information about Schedule D and its separate instructions is at www.irs.gov/scheduled. ? Use Form 8949 to list your transactions for lines 1b, 2, 3, 8b, 9, and 10." OMB No. 1545-0074 "2016 Attachment Sequence No. 12" Name(s) shown on return Your social security number Part I Short-Term Capital Gains and Losses—Assets Held One Year or Less "See instructions for how to figure the amounts to enter on the lines below. This form may be easier to complete if you round off cents to whole dollars." (d) Proceeds (sales price) "(e) Cost (or other basis)" "(g) Adjustments to gain or loss from Form(s) 8949, Part I, line 2, column (g)" (h) Gain or (loss) Subtract column (e) from column (d) and combine the result with column (g) "1a Totals for all short-term transactions reported on Form 1099-B for which basis was reported to the IRS and for which you have no adjustments (see instructions). However, if you choose to report all these transactions on Form 8949, leave this line blank and go to line 1b ." "1b Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box A checked . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "2 Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box B checked . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "3 Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box C checked . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "4 Short-term gain from Form 6252 and short-term gain or (loss) from Forms 4684, 6781, and 8824 . 5 Net short-term gain or (loss) from partnerships, S corporations, estates, and trusts from Schedule(s) K-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Short-term capital loss carryover. Enter the amount, if any, from line 8 of your Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet in the instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Net short-term capital gain or (loss). Combine lines 1a through 6 in column (h). If you have any long- term capital gains or losses, go to Part II below. Otherwise, go to Part III on the back . . . . ." 4 5 6 ( ) 7 Part II Long-Term Capital Gains and Losses—Assets Held More Than One Year "See instructions for how to figure the amounts to enter on the lines below. This form may be easier to complete if you round off cents to whole dollars." (d) Proceeds (sales price) "(e) Cost (or other basis)" "(g) Adjustments to gain or loss from Form(s) 8949, Part II, line 2, column (g)" (h) Gain or (loss) Subtract column (e) from column (d) and combine the result with column (g) "8a Totals for all long-term transactions reported on Form 1099-B for which basis was reported to the IRS and for which you have no adjustments (see instructions). However, if you choose to report all these transactions on Form 8949, leave this line blank and go to line 8b ." "8b Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box D checked . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "9 Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box E checked . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "10 Totals for all transactions reported on Form(s) 8949 with Box F checked . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." "11 Gain from Form 4797, Part I; long-term gain from Forms 2439 and 6252; and long-term gain or (loss) from Forms 4684, 6781, and 8824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Net long-term gain or (loss) from partnerships, S corporations, estates, and trusts from Schedule(s) K-1 13 Capital gain distributions. See the instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Long-term capital loss carryover. Enter the amount, if any, from line 13 of your Capital Loss Carryover Worksheet in the instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Net long-term capital gain or (loss). Combine lines 8a through 14 in column (h). Then go to Part III on the back . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." 11 12 13 14 ( ) 15 For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see your tax return instructions. Cat. No. 11338H Schedule D (Form 1040) 2016
In: Accounting
Procedure Reaction 1: Dissolving the Copper 1. Obtain a clean, dry, glass centrifuge tube. 2. Place a piece of copper wire in a weighing paper, determine the mass of the wire and place it in the centrifuge tube. The copper wire should weigh less than 0.0200 grams. 3. In a fume hood, add seven drops of concentrated nitric acid to the reaction tube so that the copper metal dissolves completely. Describe your observations in the lab report. (Caution, Concentrated nitric acid and nitrogen dioxide are very corrosive. Either will turn your skin yellow on contact. Do not leave any spills on the lab bench or in the fume hood.) 4. When the copper has dissolved, add seven drops of distilled water to the tube. Reaction 2: Preparation of Copper(II) Hydroxide 1. Add 15 drops of 3.0 M aqueous sodium hydroxide to the tube. Make sure that the reactants are well mixed. Shake the tube carefully or gently flick the bottom of the tube with your finger. Remember that the contents of the tube may still be corrosive. 2. Add a second 15 drops of NaOH(aq), mix well, and record your observations. If you have two layers at this point it means that you have not mixed the solution well enough. 3. Centrifuge the reaction mixture. 4. The liquid at the top of the centrifuged mixture is called the supernatant while the solid is called a precipitate. Before separating the supernatant from the precipitate it is necessary to ensure that all of the copper(II) hydroxide has been precipitated. The supernatant should be clear and colorless indicating the absence of any Cu+2 ions in the solution. It should also be basic due to an excess of OH- ions. Using a clean glass stirring rod, transfer a drop of the supernatant onto a piece of red litmus paper. If the litmus paper turns blue then the solution is basic and enough NaOH has been added. If the paper does not turn blue, add more NaOH, mix well, recentrifuge, and repeat the litmus paper test until the paper does turn blue. 5. An efficient separation of supernatants and precipitates is key to obtaining a good final yield of copper. The supernatant liquid can be separated from the precipitate by expelling the air from the bulb of a Pasteur pipet, inserting the tip of the pipet into the supernatant, then gently sucking the supernatant into the pipet. If you expel air or liquid into the precipitate with the pipet, you will stir up the precipitate and will have to repeat the centrifugation step. Remove as much liquid as possible and discard it in the waste container provided on the instructor’s cart. It is better to leave a small amount of supernatant liquid than to remove some of the copper(II) hydroxide precipitate. Reaction 3: Formation of Copper(II) Oxide 1. Set up a hot water bath by placing a beaker of water on a hotplate, placing an iron ring around the beaker, and heating the water to boiling. 2. Place the centrifuge tube containing the copper(II) hydroxide into the boiling water. Carefully hold the tube with a test tube clamp so that it doesn’t get water into it. Record your observations. Reaction 4: Formation of Copper(II) Sulfate 1. Add 20 drops of 3.0 M H2SO4 to the solid in the centrifuge tube. Stir carefully to ensure that the copper(II) oxide dissolves completely. Complete dissolution of the mixture will require thorough mixing and possibly heating of the solution. 2. Obtain the mass of a small, clean, glass test tube as accurately as possible. 3. Transfer the liquid from the centrifuge tube into the test tube. Rinse the centrifuge carefully with 1.0 mL of distilled water and transfer the rinse into the test tube containing your sample. 4. Record your observations on the data sheet. Reaction 5: Formation of Copper Metal 1. Add a small quantity of zinc powder to the sample solution. Continue adding zinc in small quantities until the solution loses the blue copper(II) color. Any excess zinc added will need to be removed so don’t add it too quickly or in large quantities. When the solution has turned colorless, add several drops of 3.0 M H2SO4 to the tube to dissolve any left over zinc. You can tell that the zinc has dissolved when addition of sulfuric acid does not generate bubbles. 2. Allow the copper metal to sink to the bottom of the tube and carefully remove the supernatant liquid using a Pasteur pipet. 3. Wash the red-brown copper metal in the tube with 1.0 mL of water. Allow the copper metal to settle to the bottom and remove the excess water. Repeat this rinsing process two more times. 4. Describe your observations on the data sheet. Drying the copper metal 1. After removing as much of the third rinse water as possible you are ready to dry the metal. This must be done carefully in a cool Bunsen Burner flame. If the tube is heated too quickly there is a risk of ejecting the contents of the tube as the water boils. Also, if the flame is too hot you may convert the copper metal back into black copper(II) oxide. The objective is to drive the water from the tube as steam. Make sure that as water condenses on the walls of the tube that you continue to heat until all of the water if gone from the tube. 2. Once all of the water is removed from the tube, cool the tube and its contents then determine the mass of copper by weighing the tube and subtracting the tube + copper weight from the weight of the empty tube (Reaction 4 step 2). If the mass of copper is higher than the original mass of the copper wire it either contains water or zinc or has been converted to copper(II) oxide. Excess water can be removed by reheating the tube and reweighing to constant mass. Excess zinc requires addition of sulfuric acid followed by re-rinsing with water and re-drying. Chemistry 1215 Experiment 9 Lab Report Name ______________________________ Data Sheet Mass of copper wire _______________ Mass of clean, dry test tube _______________ Mass of test tube plus copper _______________ Mass of final copper sample _______________ Percent recovery of copper. Show all calculations. Observations 1. Describe your observations for Reaction 1 including colors, gases formed, etc. 2. Describe your observations for Reaction 2 including colors, gases formed, etc. 3. Describe your observations for Reaction 3 including colors, gases formed, etc. Estimate the temperature of the decomposition of Copper(II) hydroxide. 4. Describe your observations for Reaction 4 including colors, gases formed, etc. 5. Describe your observations for Reaction 5 including colors, gases formed, etc. Write a brief discussion of your results including a statement of the final percent recovery of copper and a discussion of reasons why the recovery differs from 100%. Chemistry 1215, Experiment #9; Copper and its compounds, Pre-lab Name ____________________________________ 1. Write a balanced chemical equation including phase labels for the reaction between aqueous copper (II) nitrate and aqueous sodium hydroxide. 2. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are toxic, corrosive gases that significantly lower blood pressure when inhaled. How are these gases produced in today’s experiment? What should you do to protect yourself against their toxicity? 3. Iron reacts with oxygen from the atmosphere to produce iron (III) oxide, also known as rust (Fe2O3). What chemical species is oxidized in this reaction? What is the reducing agent? Jaffrey Zagnut couldn’t find any nitric acid so he tried to dissolve his copper sample in hydrochloric acid instead. Unfortunately his copper wouldn’t dissolve in HCl. Why will copper dissolve in nitric acid but not in hydrochloric acid (after all, HCl is a stronger acid than HNO3). Chemistry 1215, Experiment #9; Copper and its compounds, Post-lab Name ____________________________________ 1. Copper (II) hydroxide is converted into copper (II) oxide by heating the test tube containing Cu(OH)2 in a hot water bath. Is it necessary to use distilled water in this water bath? Why or why not? 2. Copper metal doesn’t “rust” in the presence of oxygen at room temperature. However, it will react with O2 at elevated temperatures. Write a balanced chemical equation describing the formation of copper (II) oxide when copper metal is heated in air. 3. When zinc is dissolved in sulfuric acid a gas is produced. What is the chemical identity of this gas? How is it produced? 4. Jaffrey Zagnut started with a 0.032 g sample of copper which he took through the series of reactions described in this experiment. At the end of the experiment he obtained 0.038 g of a black product. What was his percent yield? What is the most likely source of the error in his experiment? (Hint: consider question 2 above)
In: Chemistry
The movie industry is a competitive business. The opening weekend gross sales ($ millions), the total gross sales ($ millions), the number of theaters the movie was shown in, and the number of weeks the movie was in release are common variables used to measure the success of a movie. Data on the top 100 grossing movies released in 2016 (Box Office Mojo website) are contained in the attached Excel file. We will use the numerical methods of descriptive statistics discussed in Chapter 3 to create a report of our findings.
| Movie Title | Opening Gross Sales ($ millions) | Total Gross Sales ($ millions) | Number of Theaters | Weeks in Release |
| Rogue One: A Star Wars Story | 155.08 | 532.18 | 4,157 | 20 |
| Finding Dory | 135.06 | 486.30 | 4,305 | 25 |
| Captain America: Civil War | 179.14 | 408.08 | 4,226 | 20 |
| The Secret Life of Pets | 104.35 | 368.38 | 4,381 | 25 |
| The Jungle Book (2016) | 103.26 | 364.00 | 4,144 | 24 |
| Deadpool | 132.43 | 363.07 | 3,856 | 18 |
| Zootopia | 75.06 | 341.27 | 3,959 | 22 |
| Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice | 166.01 | 330.36 | 4,256 | 12 |
| Suicide Squad | 133.68 | 325.10 | 4,255 | 14 |
| Sing | 35.26 | 270.40 | 4,029 | 20 |
| Moana | 56.63 | 248.76 | 3,875 | 22 |
| Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them | 74.40 | 234.04 | 4,144 | 19 |
| Doctor Strange | 85.06 | 232.64 | 3,882 | 19 |
| Hidden Figures | 0.52 | 169.61 | 3,416 | 46 |
| Jason Bourne | 59.22 | 162.43 | 4,039 | 21 |
| Star Trek Beyond | 59.25 | 158.85 | 3,928 | 13 |
| X-Men: Apocalypse | 65.77 | 155.44 | 4,153 | 9 |
| Trolls | 46.58 | 153.71 | 4,066 | 21 |
| La La Land | 0.88 | 151.10 | 3,236 | 20 |
| Kung Fu Panda 3 | 41.28 | 143.53 | 3,987 | 25 |
| Ghostbusters (2016) | 46.02 | 128.35 | 3,963 | 17 |
| Central Intelligence | 35.54 | 127.44 | 3,508 | 11 |
| The Legend of Tarzan | 38.53 | 126.64 | 3,591 | 11 |
| Sully | 35.03 | 125.07 | 3,955 | 20 |
| Bad Moms | 23.82 | 113.26 | 3,215 | 13 |
| The Angry Birds Movie | 38.16 | 107.51 | 3,932 | 17 |
| Independence Day: Resurgence | 41.04 | 103.14 | 4,130 | 12 |
| The Conjuring 2 | 40.41 | 102.47 | 3,356 | 11 |
| Arrival | 24.07 | 100.55 | 3,115 | 17 |
| Passengers (2016) | 14.87 | 100.01 | 3,478 | 17 |
| Sausage Party | 34.26 | 97.69 | 3,135 | 19 |
| The Magnificent Seven (2016) | 34.70 | 93.43 | 3,696 | 15 |
| Ride Along 2 | 35.24 | 91.22 | 3,192 | 22 |
| Don't Breathe | 26.41 | 89.22 | 3,384 | 17 |
| Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children | 28.87 | 87.24 | 3,835 | 19 |
| The Accountant | 24.71 | 86.26 | 3,402 | 13 |
| Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows | 35.32 | 82.05 | 4,071 | 14 |
| The Purge: Election Year | 31.52 | 79.21 | 2,821 | 15 |
| Alice Through the Looking Glass | 26.86 | 77.04 | 3,763 | 14 |
| Pete's Dragon (2016) | 21.51 | 76.23 | 3,702 | 18 |
| The Girl on the Train (2016) | 24.54 | 75.40 | 3,241 | 12 |
| Boo! A Madea Halloween | 28.50 | 73.21 | 2,299 | 9 |
| Storks | 21.31 | 72.68 | 3,922 | 16 |
| 10 Cloverfield Lane | 24.73 | 72.08 | 3,427 | 12 |
| Lights Out | 21.69 | 67.27 | 2,835 | 10 |
| Hacksaw Ridge | 15.19 | 67.21 | 2,971 | 18 |
| The Divergent Series: Allegiant | 29.03 | 66.18 | 3,740 | 11 |
| Now You See Me 2 | 22.38 | 65.08 | 3,232 | 11 |
| Ice Age: Collision Course | 21.37 | 64.06 | 3,997 | 15 |
| The Boss | 23.59 | 63.29 | 3,495 | 17 |
| London Has Fallen | 21.64 | 62.68 | 3,492 | 13 |
| Miracles from Heaven | 14.81 | 61.71 | 3,155 | 18 |
| Deepwater Horizon | 20.22 | 61.43 | 3,403 | 11 |
| Why Him? | 11.00 | 60.32 | 3,008 | 13 |
| My Big Fat Greek Wedding 2 | 17.86 | 59.69 | 3,179 | 9 |
| Jack Reacher: Never Go Back | 22.87 | 58.70 | 3,780 | 12 |
| Fences | 0.13 | 57.68 | 2,368 | 15 |
| Me Before You | 18.72 | 56.25 | 2,762 | 11 |
| The BFG | 18.78 | 55.48 | 3,392 | 15 |
| Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising | 21.76 | 55.46 | 3,416 | 8 |
| The Shallows | 16.80 | 55.12 | 2,962 | 14 |
| Office Christmas Party | 16.89 | 54.77 | 3,210 | 7 |
| Assassin's Creed | 10.28 | 54.65 | 2,996 | 11 |
| Barbershop: The Next Cut | 20.24 | 54.03 | 2,676 | 13 |
| 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi | 16.19 | 52.85 | 2,917 | 10 |
| Lion | 0.12 | 51.74 | 1,802 | 24 |
| The Huntsman: Winter's War | 19.45 | 48.39 | 3,802 | 15 |
| Kubo and the Two Strings | 12.61 | 48.02 | 3,279 | 15 |
| Manchester by the Sea | 0.26 | 47.70 | 1,213 | 23 |
| Warcraft | 24.17 | 47.37 | 3,406 | 13 |
| How to Be Single | 17.88 | 46.84 | 3,357 | 9 |
| Mike and Dave Need Wedding Dates | 16.63 | 46.01 | 3,008 | 14 |
| War Dogs | 14.69 | 43.03 | 3,258 | 9 |
| Almost Christmas | 15.13 | 42.16 | 2,379 | 9 |
| Money Monster | 14.79 | 41.01 | 3,104 | 12 |
| Allied | 12.70 | 40.10 | 3,160 | 9 |
| Nerve | 9.45 | 38.58 | 2,538 | 10 |
| Risen | 11.80 | 36.88 | 2,915 | 13 |
| The Nice Guys | 11.20 | 36.26 | 2,865 | 11 |
| The Boy (2016) | 10.78 | 35.82 | 2,671 | 10 |
| Dirty Grandpa | 11.11 | 35.59 | 2,912 | 8 |
| Ouija: Origin of Evil | 14.07 | 35.14 | 3,168 | 10 |
| The 5th Wave | 10.33 | 34.92 | 2,908 | 18 |
| Inferno | 14.86 | 34.34 | 3,576 | 12 |
| Mother's Day | 8.37 | 32.49 | 3,291 | 7 |
| Patriots Day | 0.16 | 31.89 | 3,120 | 11 |
| Gods of Egypt | 14.12 | 31.15 | 3,117 | 11 |
| Collateral Beauty | 7.10 | 31.02 | 3,028 | 8 |
| Hail, Caesar! | 11.36 | 30.50 | 2,248 | 21 |
| When the Bough Breaks | 14.20 | 29.75 | 2,246 | 10 |
| Zoolander 2 | 13.84 | 28.85 | 3,418 | 7 |
| Moonlight (2016) | 0.40 | 27.85 | 1,564 | 28 |
| The Finest Hours | 10.29 | 27.57 | 3,143 | 10 |
| Florence Foster Jenkins | 6.60 | 27.38 | 1,528 | 11 |
| Hell or High Water | 0.62 | 27.01 | 1,505 | 14 |
| The Forest | 12.74 | 26.59 | 2,509 | 10 |
| Ben-Hur (2016) | 11.20 | 26.41 | 3,084 | 7 |
| The Witch | 8.80 | 25.14 | 2,204 | 14 |
| Bridget Jones's Baby | 8.57 | 24.25 | 2,930 | 13 |
| Kevin Hart: What Now? | 11.77 | 23.59 | 2,567 | 9 |
In: Statistics and Probability
Biodiversity loss is one of the more important environmental issues humans need to address. a. (3 pts.) Name two ecosystem services biodiversity provides and why each is important. b. (3 pts.) Name three human activities that are threats to biodiversity? Which is the greatest threat and why? c. (2 pts.) What can society and individuals do to reduce the risk of extinction (list at least two things). Name a MN threatened/endangered species we talked about that would be helped by these actions.
In: Biology
In: Biology