Reba Dixon is a fifth-grade school teacher who earned a salary of $38,000 in 2018. She is 45 years old and has been divorced for four years. She receives $1,200 of alimony payments each month from her former husband (divorced in 2016). Reba also rents out a small apartment building. This year Reba received $50,000 of rental payments from tenants and she incurred $19,500 of expenses associated with the rental.

Reba and her daughter Heather (20 years old at the end of the year) moved to Georgia in January of this year. Reba provides more than one-half of Heather’s support. They had been living in Colorado for the past 15 years, but ever since her divorce, Reba has been wanting to move back to Georgia to be closer to her family. Luckily, last December, a teaching position opened up and Reba and Heather decided to make the move. Reba paid a moving company $2,010 to move their personal belongings, and she and Heather spent two days driving the 1,426 miles to Georgia.

Reba rented a home in Georgia. Heather decided to continue living at home with her mom, but she started attending school full-time in January at a nearby university. She was awarded a $3,000 partial tuition scholarship this year, and Reba helped out by paying the remaining $500 tuition cost. If possible, Reba thought it would be best to claim the education credit for these expenses.

Reba wasn't sure if she would have enough items to help her benefit from itemizing on her tax return. However, she kept track of several expenses this year that she thought might qualify if she was able to itemize. Reba paid $5,800 in state income taxes and $12,500 in charitable contributions during the year. She also paid the following medical-related expenses for herself and Heather:

Insurance premiums $ 5,795

Medical care expenses $ 1,100

Prescription medicine $ 350

Nonprescription medicine $ 100

New contact lenses for Heather $ 200

Shortly after the move, Reba got distracted while driving and she ran into a street sign. The accident caused $900 in damage to the car and gave her whiplash. Because the repairs were less than her insurance deductible, she paid the entire cost of the repairs. Reba wasn’t able to work for two months after the accident. Fortunately, she received $2,000 from her disability insurance. Her employer, the Central Georgia School District, paid 60% of the premiums on the policy as a nontaxable fringe benefit and Reba paid the remaining 40% portion.

A few years ago, Reba acquired several investments with her portion of the divorce settlement. This year she reported the following income from her investments: $2,200 of interest income from corporate bonds and $1,500 interest income from City of Denver municipal bonds. Overall, Reba’s stock portfolio appreciated by $12,000 but she did not sell any of her stocks.

Heather reported $6,200 of interest income from corporate bonds she received as gifts from her father over the last several years. This was Heather’s only source of income for the year.

Reba had $10,000 of federal income taxes withheld by her employer. Heather made $1,000 of estimated tax payments during the year. Reba did not make any estimated payments. Reba had qualifying insurance for purposes of the Affordable Care Act (ACA).

a. Determine Reba’s federal income tax refund or taxes payable for the current year. Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference. (Round your intermediate computations and final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount. Leave no answer blank. Enter zero if applicable.)

1. Flu cases this past flu season in the Remulak school system (n = 500) were 15 per week. For the entire state, the weekly average was 16, and the standard deviation was 15.1. Are the kids in Remulak as sick as the kids throughout the state?
2. The night-shift workers in three of Super Bo's specialty stores stock about 500 products in about 3 hours. How does this rate compare with the stocking done in the other 97 stores in the chain, which average about 496 products stocked in 3 hours? Are the stockers at the specialty stores doing a “better than average” job? Here's the info that you need:

Retaking the SAT: Many high school students take the SAT's twice; once in their Junior year and once in their Senior year. In a sample of 50 such students, the score on the second try was, on average, 28 points above the first try with a standard deviation of 13 points. Test the claim that retaking the SAT increases the score on average by more than 25 points. Test this claim at the 0.01 significance level.

(a) The claim is that the mean difference is greater than 25 (μ_d > 25), what type of test is this?

This is a two-tailed test.

This is a right-tailed test.    

This is a left-tailed test.

(b) What is the test statistic? Round your answer to 2 decimal places.
t-<sub>d= ?

(c) Use software to get the P-value of the test statistic. Round to 4 decimal places.
P-value = ?

(d) What is the conclusion regarding the null hypothesis?</sub>

reject H₀

fail to reject H₀    

(e) Choose the appropriate concluding statement.

The data supports the claim that retaking the SAT increases the score on average by more than 25 points.

There is not enough data to support the claim that retaking the SAT increases the score on average by more than 25 points.    

We reject the claim that retaking the SAT increases the score on average by more than 25 points.

We have proven that retaking the SAT increases the score on average by more than 25 points.

In most elementary school classrooms there are several children who will have difficulty comprehending the grade-level social studies textbook. Teachers can help students by implementing appropriate instructional strategies. Explain what each of the following instructional approaches tries to accomplish: (a) Teaching reading strategies through reciprocal teaching, and (b) Question classification/answer verification through Question/Answer Relationship (QAR). HINT: Don’t describe a teaching sequence, explain what the approach tries to teach students to be able to do.

Think about your place of work, your household or your school. Then, come up with 2 examples of efficiency (i.e, what you/they do well) and explain why you consider it efficient, AND 2 examples of inefficiency (i.e, what you/they do NOT do as well as you are capable of) and explain why it is inefficient. For the inefficiency, explain how you would solve each of those problems (correct the inefficiencies). When you reply to others, offer suggestions, input and advice - maybe you experienced something similar.

Douglas and Pamela Frank are a married couple. They both worked for a railroad company for 30 years. At age 57, Douglas and age 52, Pamela retired and moved to the small town of Ovilla, TX, which has a population of approximately 3,500 residents. When the Franks moved to the town, they decided to start a child care business in their home called Nanna’s House.

Nanna’s House is licensed by the state. The state charges an annual fee of $225 to maintain the license. Insurance is required at a cost of $3,840 annually. The facility is licensed to care for a maximum of six children. The Franks charge a fee of $800 per month for each child. The monthly fee is based on a full day of care, from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. If additional time is required beyond 4:00 p.m., parents must pay an additional charge of $15 per hour for each child. The couple provides two meals and a snack for the children. The cost of the meals and snack is $3.20 per child per day. There are six children currently enrolled.

The facility is very nice. It is an 820 square foot addition to their home that was built in 1964. The Franks purchased the home and completed the renovations for $79,500 and they believe the addition has a useful life of 25 years. The facility has a large open space for play, reading, and other activities. There is a section for sleeping which contains small cots. The facility is equipped with a small kitchen, two bathrooms and a small laundry area. The daycare increased the Franks’ utility cost by $50 each month.

During the first week of operations, the washer and dryer stopped working. Both appliances were old and had been used by the couple for many years. The old appliances cost a total of $440. While a laundry room was not initially a necessity, it became increasingly important for laundering the soiled clothes of the children, blankets, and sheets. A company nearby, Red Oak Laundry and Dry Cleaning, can launder clothing for the Franks, including pick-up and delivery, for $52 per month. Alternatively, the Franks can take clothes to the laundromat once a week, which is three miles away (one way). The applicable mileage rate is $0.56/mile. They can launder the clothes themselves at a cost of $8 per week. The self-service alternative does not include detergent or fabric sheets. The couple would need to purchase these items in order to use the laundromat. Purchasing laundry supplies in bulk from MegaMart would cost $35 every quarter. The final alternative is for the Franks to purchase a washer and dryer. The cost of the appliances is: washer $420 and dryer $380. The additional accessories for both appliances, needed for installation, cost $43.72. The store will deliver the appliances at a total cost of $35. The cost of installing the appliances is free. Both appliances are expected to last 8 years. According to the manufacturer the washer will increase energy costs by $120 per year. The dryer will increase energy costs by $145 per year. The Franks need some assistance in decision making and evaluation. They have contacted Emily Smith, their accountant, to provide some advice.

Requirements

Respond to the following Case Discussion Questions to help Douglas and Pamela make their decisions.

Case Discussion Questions

(If necessary, the Franks will use straight line depreciation. For monthly calculations, use 4.33 weeks

per month.)

1. Consider the different types of costs discussed in this course. List the costs discussed in the case and provide one specific example of each.

2. Based on the information provided, what information is relevant to the decision to purchase the appliances? What information is irrelevant to the decision to purchase the appliances? Why?

3. What could it cost the couple to launder clothes? Show your detailed calculations for each.

4. The couple has made a significant investment in this business. How long will it take for the couple to recoup their investment? Is the time required to recoup the investment a good measure of the success of the company? If not, how would you measure the success of the company? Explain.

5. As Emily Smith, prepare a letter to the Franks advising them on their laundry needs. What is your recommendation and why?

6. The Franks have a wait list for their daycare. They can hire an employee for $9 per hour for 40 hours each week. With the additional employee, the Franks can accept three additional children. Should the Franks hire the additional employee? Show your detailed calculations.

7. The Franks home can accommodate a maximum of nine children. They can move the daycare from their home to rented space in town, which can accommodate up to 14 children. The space will cost $650 per month and the utilities will cost $125 per month. Additionally, insurance will now cost the Franks $5,000 per year. Per state regulations, each adult can supervise no more than three children. As Emily Smith, prepare a letter to the Franks advising them on their space options. Should they continue to operate the facility at home or should they rent space in town? How many children should they accept? How many employees will they need to hire? Show your detailed calculations for each scenario.

1. Merari loves his dog, but his significant other doesn't want him distracted while he goes back to school. Telling him to get rid of his dog, and to get a new one when he graduates 3 years from now. Instead, Merari volunteers his dog for an NASA experiment. Where they send his dog to a small star 1.5 light years away and back, traveling at a speed 0.99c! How much older will Merari's dog be when it completes the trip?

2.While having a socially distanced barbecue with her family, Maria's dog digs up a dead cat. This causes Maria's family to get into a heated argument about how old the cat is. To stop her family from fighting, Maria grabs a 2 gram sample from the at and finds that the Carbon-14 in it undergoes 0.03 decays per second. Maria also knows Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years, and that when the cat was alive the sample underwent 0.5 decays per second. How long ago did Maria's cat die?

3.Henry is out walking (for exercise) when he sees Aliza in her Mercedes Benz convertible stopped a light. Aliza is blasting Tupac out of the 10 W speaker that she keeps in her trunk. If Henry is 75 m away from Aliza's Mercedes, how loud is Tupac?

1. The upper leg length of 20 to 29 year olds males is normally distributed with mean length of 43.7 cm and a standard deviation of 4.2 cm
   1. What is the probability that a randomly selected 20-29 year old male has an upper leg length of that is less than 40 cm?
   2. Suppose a random sample of 9 males who are 20-29 years old is obtained. What is the probability that their mean leg length is less than 40 cm?
   3. A random sample of 15 males who are 20-29 years old results in a mean leg length of 46 cm or more. Do you find this result unusual? Why?

2. The reading rates of second grade students is approximately normal with a mean of 90 words per minute and a standard deviation of 10 words per minute
   1. What is the probability that a random student will read more than 95 words per minute?
   2. What is the probability that a random sample of 24 second grade students will result a mean reading rate of more than 95 words per minute?
   3. A teacher initiated a new reading program at school. After 10 weeks on the program, it was found that the mean reading speed of a random sample of 20 second grade students was 93 words per minute? Is this result unusual? What does this suggest about the effectiveness of the program?

Tiffany and Joe have just had a baby and are very surprised to learn that their baby is albino with very pale skin and hair color. Tiffany‘s sister has come to see the new baby, so Joe goes out to talk with his sister Vicky. Joe is very angry. He tells Vicky, "I think Tiffany had an affair with Frank! He’s the only albino we know. Obviously, Tiffany and I aren't albino, so Frank must be the father."
1. Luckily, Vicky remembers her high school biology, so she explains, “Two parents with normal skin and hair color can have an albino baby, if they are heterozygous and carry a recessive allele for albinism.” She draws a Punnett Square to show this. Draw the Punnett Square. Use A for the dominant allele that results in normal skin and hair color and a for the recessive allele that can result in very pale skin and hair color.
2. Joe is still mad and he doesn't understand Vicky's explanation. He says "You aren't even speaking English! What does heterozygous mean? What's a recessive allele? And what's the connection between alleles and skin color?" Answer his questions.
3. Joe says "Okay, I'm beginning to understand, but what are zygotes? What's the connection between the zygotes in the Punnett square and our baby?" Answer Joe's questions.