Questions
It is a strategic management Question 1: Discuss the business-level and corporate-level strategies of Apple, as...

It is a strategic management

Question 1: Discuss the business-level and corporate-level strategies of Apple, as discussed in the articles below. Why is Apple pursuing these strategies? Be sure to discuss competitive pressures from Sony as it pursues its strategy. Compel your response with data from the articles.

Article 1:

THE NEWEST NUMBERS ARE IN —While iPhone sales remain stagnant, Apple services hit $10 billion in revenue

Apple announced on its earnings call today that it had surpassed its revenue estimates for Q4 2018. The iPhone maker boasted $62.9 billion in revenue, slightly more than the $60-62 billion it previously estimated, as well as $14.1 billion in profit, up from $11.5 billion in the previous quarter.

"We're thrilled to report another record-breaking quarter that caps a tremendous fiscal 2018, the year in which we shipped our two billionth iOS device, celebrated the 10th anniversary of the App Store, and achieved the strongest revenue and earnings in Apple's history,” Apple CEO Tim Cook said in a statement.Ars Technica

Apple sold 46.8 million iPhones, 9.6 million iPads, and 5.2 million Macs in the final quarter of 2018. While that represents a 14 percent increase in iPhone sales when compared to last quarter, it's about the same number of iPhones sold this time last year. However, year-over-year revenue from iPhone sales was up by 29 percent, thanks to the increase in iPhone prices.

This quarter saw the reveal of the iPhone XS and XS Max, but only a fraction of those sales contribute to these numbers because of the handsets' late release date. The YoY increase mostly comes from the $1,000 iPhone X, which has been the best-selling iPhone since its launch in September 2017. The X continues to sell well enough that Apple moved roughly the same number of iPhones and made nearly 30 percent more. Now, the average sale price for an iPhone is $793, up drastically from $618 in the same quarter last year.

Apple's services business, a constant bright spot in recent quarters, hit a revenue milestone in Q4 2018: $10 billion (it's $9.98 billion to be exact, but Apple rounded up). That's an increase of 27 percent from Q4 2017, in which services including iCloud, Apple Music, the App Store, and others brought in $7.9 billion in revenue.

When asked about how Apple plans to continue growing its services business, CFO Luca Maestri highlighted the "exponential trajectory" of all of Apple's services from Apple Music to the Apple Store to Apple Pay. Maestri also called out Apple's "very large and growing" install base, which is currently at an all-time high. With so many users within the Apple ecosystem, the company now has the opportunity to monetize more services, improve existing services, and add new ones like Apple's Search Ad business on the App Store. Maestri said that the company is on track to double its fiscal 2016 services revenue by 2020.

iPad numbers were lackluster: unit sales were down 16 percent from last quarter, and revenue was down 14 percent as well. That might be due to all the rumors leading up to this week's "special event" in which Apple released the new iPad Pros. Those devices feature all-new designs, a new Apple Pencil, and higher prices to boot. Meanwhile, Mac sales brought in 39 percent more revenue than last quarter, thanks in part to sales of the updated MacBook Pros and the back-to-school season overall.

Apple's "other products" category, which includes the Apple Watch, AirPods, Apple TV, HomePod, and others, saw a 13 percent sequential increase and a 31 percent increase from this time last year. Cook praised the wearables segment (Apple Watch, AirPods, and Beats devices) numerous times on today's call, although Apple still doesn't provide individual product sales numbers for the devices included in that category.

Cook said the company saw an "overwhelmingly positive" response to the Apple Watch Series 4, which debuted in September alongside the iPhone XS and XS Max. When asked about Apple's future in the health care space, Cook said that health is an "area of major interest" for Apple as the company looks to add more health products and services into its business.

Notably, Apple will start treating all of its hardware like it does the "other products" category we're used to seeing in its earnings reports. Apple stated that it will no longer report unit sales for iPhones, iPads, and Macs in future reports. Maestri said that unit sales are "not representative of the underlying strength of our business." Analysts and investors often look to those numbers to determine how well certain devices have sold in comparison to previous quarters and years, and they help calculate average selling prices per product. Apple clearly wants to highlight how much it's making from product sales, without also showing that some devices, like the iPhone, may not be selling as many units as some expected.

Both Apple and investors are looking forward to the first quarter of 2019, which will include holiday sales and more data about iPhone XS, XS Max, and XR sales. Apple set its sights high: it estimates Q1 2019 revenue to be between $89 and $93 billion.

Article 2 - Sony:

Pioneer of Walkman targets premium market dominated by Bose and Beats

TOKYO -- When Ichiro Takagi took over Sony Corp.'s audio business seven years ago, he found the staff took pride in being the global No. 1 in headphones, in terms of units sold. But he was appalled at how many were $10 headphones sold for minimal profit at grocery stores. "What's the point of that? Where's our brand image?" Mr. Takagi recalls telling employees. Fast forward to this fall and the international electronics show in Berlin, where Mr. Takagi was showing off the latest version of his flagship product, a $350 pair of noise-canceling wireless headphones.

The premium-price headphone market has been largely dominated by Bose, the industry pioneer popular with frequent fliers, and Beats, the fashion-savvy brand acquired by Apple Inc. for $3 billion in 2014. All share the challenge of wooing listeners who already get free earbuds with their smartphones.

Sony said in May it has 11% of the headphone market in terms of revenue, the third-largest slice. It didn't name the top two companies.

The audio business -- where Sony has been a player since the 1950s -- is a prime example of how it got back to profitability in recent years, even in a traditional hardware business that once looked like a lost cause. For the year that ended in March, sales for the audio unit rose for the first time in 20 years after having fallen some 80% from the peak.

More important for Chief Executive Kenichiro Yoshida, the home-electronics division, including audio and televisions (another former money loser), posted operating profit of nearly $800 million for the year, helping Sony achieve record overall profit. Mr. Yoshida is hoping roughly to match that record in the current fiscal year: Quarterly earnings coming Tuesday will give a progress report. The rise of Spotify Technology SA and other music services has been good for headphone makers, increasing the time consumers spend listening on the go. Streaming companies such as Spotify and France-based Deezer offer high-resolution services that have expanded the market for higher-quality headphones costing hundreds or even thousands of dollars. Recent product releases by Sony include a $280 pair of earphones; an $8,500 portable music player targeted at audiophiles goes on sale in December, with a gold-plated volume controller and a battery system designed to reduce noise.

In the first generation of portable MP3 music players, "the quality of the music sources was poor," Sony audio executive Yoshinori Matsumoto said. "We couldn't push high-end listening devices because they would highlight the coarseness." Now, better technology has "made high-quality music more accessible both to customers and creators," he said.

Audio has paralleled Sony's highs and lows through its 72-year history. The Walkman in 1979 set off a revolution in portable electronic devices, with Sony in the lead. But in the 2000s, Sony let Apple and the iPod seize the dominant position. By 2011, the Tokyo company was nearly giving up on its old hardware products. "The attitude of management at that time was like, 'If you're so-so, that's fine,' " Mr. Takagi, the audio-unit chief, said. That changed under then Chief Executive Kazuo Hirai, who took over in 2012, and Mr. Yoshida, who was chief financial officer under Mr. Hirai and became CEO this year. They pushed the audio team to drop cheap products and focus on a few high-end models.

Mr. Takagi says the new management scrapped an organizational chart that had separate groups of engineers focusing on subcategories like car audio. "I told them to look around the whole industry to come up with products that consumers are willing to pay extra for," he said.

Sony says the $350 headphones can detect the owner's facial shape, hairstyle and presence of glasses, as well as pressure changes in an airplane, all to optimize the noise-canceling feature. "Our latest model is distinctly the best in terms of noise-canceling technology," says Mr. Takagi, who is in the habit of visiting electronics stores to eavesdrop on what customers are saying to salespeople. "It's obvious if you ask your ears."

Another Sony rival, especially for younger customers, is Beats. Mr. Matsumoto says the competition has led Sony to stress fashion as well as sound quality. "In China, headphones have become part of the outfit for young people, and they have to have a style that people want to wear all the time, even when they are not listening," he said.

Mr. Takagi said there is more innovation to come, such as headsets that stream music from the internet on their own without having to be hooked up to a smartphone. "Audio will remain a profitable business so long as we keep listening to music," Mr. Takagi said. "If we remain as a strong and respected player in the industry, then the whole company will be too because audio is the origin of Sony."

In: Operations Management

The trial balance columns of the worksheet for Novak Company at June 30, 2022, are as...

The trial balance columns of the worksheet for Novak Company at June 30, 2022, are as follows.

Novak Company
Worksheet
For the Month Ended June 30, 2022

Trial Balance

Account Titles

Dr.

Cr.

Cash 2,400
Accounts Receivable 2,640
Supplies 1,860
Accounts Payable 1,040
Unearned Service Revenue 420
Common Stock 3,100
Service Revenue 3,100
Salaries and Wages Expense 660
Miscellaneous Expense 100
7,660 7,660


Other data:

1.

A physical count reveals $500 of supplies on hand.

2.

$200 of the unearned revenue is still unearned at month-end.

3.

Accrued salaries are $290.


Complete the worksheet.

Novak Company
Worksheet

choose the accounting period                                                          For the Quarter Ended June 30, 2022For the Month Ended June 30, 2022June 30, 2022

Trial Balance

Adjustments

Adj. Trial Balance

Income Statement

Balance Sheet

Account Titles

Dr

Cr.

Dr

Cr.

Dr

Cr.

Dr

Cr.

Dr

Cr.

Cash

2,400

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Accounts Receivable

2,640

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Supplies

1,860

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Accounts Payable

1,040

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Unearned Service Revenue

420

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Common Stock

3,100

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Service Revenue

3,100

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Salaries and Wages Expense

660

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Miscellaneous Expense

100

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

   Totals

7,660

7,660

Supplies Expense

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter an adjusted debit balance

enter an adjusted credit balance

enter a debit amount

enter a credit amount

enter a debit balance

enter a credit balance

Salaries and Wages Payable enter a debit amount enter a credit amount enter an adjusted debit balance enter an adjusted credit balance enter a debit amount enter a credit amount enter a debit balance enter a credit balance
   Totals enter a total for the debit column enter a total for the credit column enter a total for the debit column enter a total for the credit column

enter a total for the debit column

enter a total for the credit column

enter a total for the debit column

enter a total for the credit column

Net Income enter a total net income or loss amount enter a total net income or loss amount enter a total net income or loss amount enter a total net income or loss amount
   Totals

In: Accounting

Balanced Scorecard Preparation The following information is presented for the Worldwide Auditor's Association. For the year...

Balanced Scorecard Preparation
The following information is presented for the Worldwide Auditor's Association. For the year ended November 30, 2017, the organization had set a membership goal of 100,000 members with the following anticipated results (and actual results for the year-end).

Worldwide Auditors' Association
Revenues and Expenses
For Year Ending November 30, 2017

($ in thousands)

Planned Actual
Revenues $55,859.6 $55,054.0
Expenses
Salaries 27,900.0 29,000.0
Other personnel costs 6,975.0 6,786.0
Occupancy costs 3,859.6 5,650.0
Reimbursement to local units 1,480.0 1,600.0
Other membership services 1,050.0 1,000.0
Printing and paper 525.0 640.0
Postage and shipping 220.0 242.0
General and administrative 1,090.0 1,076.0
Excess of revenues over expenses $12,760.0 $ 9,060.0

Additional information (PLANNED):

• Membership dues were increased from $360 to $400 at the beginning of the year.
• One-year subscriptions to Worldwide Auditor were anticipated to be 2,400 units.
• Advertising revenue was budgeted at $320,000. Each magazine was budgeted at a cost of $36.
• A total of 29,000 technical reports were anticipated at an average price of $80 with average costs of $22.
• The budgeted one-day courses had an anticipated attendance of 33,000 with an average fee of $450. The two-day courses had an anticipated attendance of 3,000 with an average fee of $770 per person.
• The organization began the year with net capital assets of $88,000,000 with a planned cost of capital of 9 percent.

Additional 2017 information (ACTUAL):

• Membership dues are $400 per year, of which $100 is considered to cover a one-year subscription to the association’s journal. Other benefits include membership in the association and unit affiliation.
• One-year subscriptions to Worldwide Auditor are sold to nonmembers for $160 each. A total of 2,500 of these subscriptions were sold. In addition to subscriptions, the journal generated $400,000 in advertising revenue. The cost per magazine was $40.
• A total of 30,000 technical reports were sold by the Books and Reports Department at an average unit selling price of $90. Average costs per publication were $24.
• The association offers a variety of continuing education courses to both members and nonmembers. During 2017, the one-day course, which cost participants an average of $500 each, was attended by 31,300 people. A total of 1,985 people took two-day courses at a cost of $800 per person.
• General and administrative expenses include all other costs incurred by the corporate staff to operate the association.
• The organization has net capital assets of $90,060,000 and had an actual cost of capital of 9 percent.

Required
a. Prepare a balanced scorecard for IAA for November 2017 with calculated key performance indicators presented in two columns for planned performance and actual performance--include key financial, customer, and operating performance indicators.

Include all zeros with figures. For example, 2017 Planned Total Revenues for $55,859.6 (thousand) is entered as $55,859,600

2017 Planned 2017 Actual
*Compute as a ratio. Round three decimal places.
Financial information
Total revenues Answer Answer
Total costs Answer Answer
Journal advertising Answer Answer
ROI (round to three decimal places) Answer Answer
Residual income
Income Answer Answer
Minimum return Answer Answer
Residual income Answer Answer
Customer information
Course attendance Answer Answer
Technical reports sold Answer Answer
Operating criteria
Average cost per special publication Answer Answer
Average cost per magazine Answer Answer
Other personnel costs vs. salaries* Answer Answer

b. Which of the evaluation areas you selected indicated success and which indicated failure?

Success areas:

1. AnswerMore reports were soldROI increased significantlyTotal revenues increased while total costs decreased
2. AnswerOther personnel costs were less in relation to salariesPublication costs went downResidual income increased significantly
3. AnswerAdvertising revenue went upMore people took coursesTotal revenues increased while total costs decreased


Failure areas:

1. AnswerAdvertising revenue went downLess reports were soldTotal revenues decreased while total costs increased
2. AnswerLess reports were soldOther personnel costs were more in relation to salariesROI decreased significantly
3. AnswerAdvertising revenue went downOther personnel costs were more in relation to salariesResidual income decreased significantly

In: Accounting

Nailed It! Construction (Nailed It! or the “Company”), an SEC registrant, is a construction company that...

Nailed It! Construction (Nailed It! or the “Company”), an SEC registrant, is a construction company that manufactures commercial and residential buildings. On March 1, 20X1, the Company entered into an agreement with a customer, Village Apartments, to construct a residential apartment building for a fixed price of $1.5 million. The Company estimates that it will incur costs of $1 million to complete construction of the apartment building. The apartment building will only transfer to Village Apartments once the construction of the entire building is complete. In addition, Village Apartments has various design requirements that would require Nailed It! to incur significant costs to rework the building prior to selling it to a customer other than Village Apartments. To construct the apartment building, Nailed It! acquires standard materials that it regularly uses in construction contracts for both residential and commercial buildings. These materials are used to manufacture generic component parts for inclusion in Village Apartments’ residential buildings. These standard materials remain interchangeable with other items until they are deployed in a Village Apartments building. The Company has made the following purchases and incurred the following costs throughout the construction progress:

As of June 30, 20X1, in total, Nailed It! has purchased $75,000 of component parts. As of June 30, 20X1, $25,000 of component parts remain in inventory and $50,000 have been integrated into the project. Further, Nailed It! has incurred $12,500 of direct costs to integrate the component parts into the Village Apartments construction project during the three months ended June 30, 20X1. •During the three months ended September 30, 20X1, Nailed It! purchased an additional $500,000 of component parts ($575,000 in total). Of the $575,000 of component parts, $325,000 remain in inventory and $200,000 have been integrated into the project during the three months ended September 30, 20X1. During the three months ended September 30, 20X1, Nailed It! incurred an additional $50,000 of direct costs to integrate the component parts into the Village Apartments construction project. •As of September 30, 20X1, Nailed It! determined that the project was over budget and revised its cost estimate from $1 million to $1.25 million.•As of December 31 20X1, the construction project was completed. During the three months ended December 31, 20X1, Nailed It! purchased an additional $425,000 of generic component parts ($1 million in total). Of the $1 million component parts, $0 remain in inventory and $750,000 were integrated into the project during the three months ended December 31, 20X1. Nailed It! has incurred $187,500 of direct costs to integrate the component parts into the Village Apartments construction project during the three months ended December 31, 20X1.

If Village Apartments cancels the contract, Nailed It! will be entitled to reimbursement for costs incurred for work completed to date plus a margin of 20 percent, which is considered to be a reasonable margin. Nailed It! will not be reimbursed for any materials that have been purchased for use in the contract but have not yet been used and are still controlled by Nailed It!.

Required:

1.Does the performance obligation meet any of the criteria or recognition of revenue over time?

2.How should the entity recognize revenue for the satisfaction of its performance obligation? What amount of revenue should be recognized for the following periods:

2a.The three months ended June 30, 20X1?

2b.The three months ended September 30, 20X1?

2c.The three months ended December 31, 20X1?

1. If company Nailed It! changes its initial cost estimate from 1,000,000 to 1,250,000 on September 30, 20x1 how does that impact revenue. I have been trying to understand how to use the input method on recording the revenue to the Nailed it! case. Can anyone help me understand it better? I understand 2a, and 2b. I do not understand 2c. I do not understand how the costs are different and how it became a loss of -62,500 at the end of December 31,20x1

2. I would like to know also how to understand the journal entries that i would need to apply at the end of the yearr.

I have already submitted the case for review two times, and both times no one has been able to give me the solid answer to this.

In: Accounting

Bank Reconciliation and Entries The Coins, currency (paper money), checks, money orders, and money on deposit...

  1. Bank Reconciliation and Entries

    The Coins, currency (paper money), checks, money orders, and money on deposit that is available for unrestricted withdrawal from banks and other financial institutions.cash account for Collegiate Sports Co. on November 1 indicated a balance of $81,145. During November, the total cash deposited was $293,150, and checks written totaled $307,360. The A summary of all transactions mailed to the depositor or made available online by the bank each month.bank statement indicated a balance of $112,675 on November 30. Comparing the bank statement, the canceled checks, and the accompanying memos with the records revealed the following reconciling items:

    1. Checks outstanding totaled $41,840.
    2. A deposit of $12,200, representing receipts of November 30, had been made too late to appear on the bank statement.
    3. A check for $7,250 had been incorrectly charged by the bank as $2,750.
    4. A check for $760 returned with the statement had been recorded by Collegiate Sports Co. as $7,600. The check was for the payment of an obligation to Ramirez Co. on account.
    5. The bank had collected for Collegiate Sports Co. $7,385 on a note left for collection. The face of the note was $7,000.
    6. Bank service charges for November amounted to $125.
    7. A check for $2,500 from Hallen Academy was returned by the bank because of insufficient funds.

    Required:

    1. Prepare a bank reconciliation as of November 30.

    Collegiate Sports Co.
    Bank Reconciliation
    November 30
    Cash balance according to bank statement $
    • Add bank error in charging check as $2,750 instead of $7,250
    • Add bank service charges
    • Add deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Add outstanding checks
    • Add note and interest collected by bank
    $
    • Deduct bank service charges
    • Deduct check returned because of insufficient funds
    • Deduct deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Deduct outstanding checks
    • Deduct note and interest collected by bank
    $
    • Deduct bank error in charging check as $2,750 instead of $7,250
    • Deduct bank service charges
    • Deduct deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Deduct error in recording check by Collegiate Sports Co.
    • Deduct proceeds of note collected by bank, including $100 interest
    Adjusted balance $
    Cash balance according to company's records $
    • Add bank error in charging check as $2,750 instead of $7,250
    • Add bank service charges
    • Add check returned because of insufficient funds
    • Add deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Add note and interest collected by bank
    $
    • Add bank service charges
    • Add cash balance according to company's records
    • Add deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Add error in recording check as $7,600 instead of $760
    • Add outstanding checks
    $
    • Deduct check returned because of insufficient funds
    • Deduct deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Deduct error in recording check by Collegiate Sports Co.
    • Deduct outstanding checks
    • Deduct note and interest collected by bank
    $
    • Deduct bank service charges
    • Deduct deposit of November 30, not recorded by bank
    • Deduct error in recording check by Collegiate Sports Co.
    • Deduct outstanding checks
    • Deduct note and interest collected by bank
    Adjusted balance $

    Feedback

    2. Journalize the necessary entries (a.) that increase cash and (b.) that decrease cash. The accounts have not been closed. For a compound transaction, if a box does not require an entry, leave it blank.

    a. Nov. 30
    • Accounts Payable-Ramirez Co.
    • Accounts Receivable-Ramirez Co.
    • Cash
    • Interest Revenue
    • Notes Receivable
    • Cash
    • Cash Short and Over
    • Interest Receivable
    • Miscellaneous Administrative Expense
    • Notes Receivable
    • Accounts Receivable-Hallen Academy
    • Interest Revenue
    • Petty Cash
    • Sales
    • Unearned Interest
    • Accounts Payable-Ramirez Co.
    • Accounts Receivable-Ramirez Co.
    • Cash
    • Cash Short and Over
    • Sales
    b. Nov. 30
    • Accounts Payable-Hallen Academy
    • Accounts Receivable-Hallen Academy
    • Cash Short and Over
    • Interest Expense
    • Interest Revenue
    • Cash Short and Over
    • Miscellaneous Expense
    • Miscellaneous Revenue
    • Notes Receivable
    • Petty Cash
    • Accounts Payable-Hallen Academy
    • Accounts Receivable-Hallen Academy
    • Cash
    • Miscellaneous Revenue
    • Petty Cash

    3. If a balance sheet is prepared for Collegiate Sports Co. on November 30, what amount should be reported as cash?
    $

In: Accounting

Tim opened the Emporium on March 1, 2017. During March, the following transaction were completed: March...

Tim opened the Emporium on March 1, 2017. During March, the following transaction were completed:

March 1   Issued 10,000 shares of common stock for $25,000 cash
March 1    Purchased used servers for $10,000, paying $6,000 cash and the balance on account
March 3    Purchased office supplies for $1,500 on account
March 5    Paid $2,400 cash on 1-year insurance policy effective March 1
March 14   Billed customers $4,200 for data analysis services
March 18   Paid $1,500 cash on amount owed on servers and $500 on amount owed on office supplies
March 20   Paid $2,750 cash for employee salaries
March 21   Collected $1,400 cash from customers billed on March 14
March 28   Billed customers $6,200 for data analysis services
March 31   Paid $350 for server maintenance which did not extend the life or function of the servers
March 31   Declared and paid $900 cash dividend

Required:
     1) Journalize the March transactions
     2) Post to the ledger accounts
     3) Prepare a trial balance at March 31
     4) Journalize the following adjustments
               a. earned but unbilled and uncollected revenue at March 31 was $800
               b. depreciation on equipment for the month was $650
               c. one-twelfth of the insurance policy expired
               d. an inventory count shows $280 of office supplies on hand at March 31
               e. Incurred employee slararies but unpaid were $1,060
     I HAVE COMPLETED THIS MUCH-------------------(answers are below) -----Please help with the remaining questions 5,6,7,8 and 9----------

      5) Posting adjusting entries to the general ledger
      6) Prepare an adjusted trial balance
      7) Prepare the income statement and a retained earnings statement for March and a classified balance sheet at 3/31
      8) Journalize and post closing entries and complete the closing process
      9) Prepare a post closing trial balance at 3/31

1) Journal Entries :
Date Accounts Titles Debit $ Credit $
Mar 1 2017 Cash 25000
Common Stock 25000
1 Equipment 10000
Cash 6000
Accounts Payable 4000
(purchase of used server)
3 Off. Supplies 1500
AP 1500
5 Prepaid Ins 2400
Cash 2400
14 AR 4200
Service Revenue 4200
18 AP 2000
Cash 2000
20 Salary Expense 2250
Cash 2250
21 Cash 1400
AR 1400
28 AR 6200
Service Revenue 6200
31 Maintenance Exp. 350
Cash 350
31 Dividend Exp. 900
Cash 900
2) T-Accounts - Ledger Accounts :
Debit Entries Amount $ Credit Entries Amount $
Cash a/c:
1 25000 1 6000
21 1400 5 2400
18 2000
20 2750
31 350
31 900
C/b 12000
Common Stock a/c:
1 25000
Equipment a/c:
1 6000 c/b 10000
1 4000
AP a/c :
18 2000 1 4000
c/b 3500 3 1500
Off. Supplies a/c:
3 1500
Prepaid Insurance a/c :
5 2400
AR a/c :
14 4200 21 1400
28 6200 c/b 9000
Service Revenue a/c :
c/b 10400 14 4200
28 6200
Salary Exp a/c:
20 2750
Maint. Exp. A/c :
31 350
Dividend exp. A/c :
31 900
3) Trial Balance as on Mar 31, 2017 :
Accounts Titles Debit $ Credit $
CAsh 12000
CS 25000
Equipment 10000
AP 3500
Off. Supplies 1500
Prepaid Insu 2400
AR 9000
Service Revenue 10400
Salary exp. 2750
Maintenance exp. 350
Dividend exp. 900   
Total $38,900 $38,900
4) Adjustment Journal Entries :
Date Accounts Titles and explanation Debit $ Credit $
31-Mar AR 800
Service Rev 800
Depreciation 650
Acc Dep - Equipment 650
Insurance exp 200
Prepaid Insu 200
off supplies exp 1220
off supplies 1220
(1500 - 280)
31-Mar Salary Exp 1060
Salary payable 1060

In: Accounting

Rogers Aeronautics, LTD, is a British aeronautics subcontract company that designs and manufactures electronic control systems...

Rogers Aeronautics, LTD, is a British aeronautics subcontract company that designs and manufactures electronic control systems for commercial airlines. The vast majority of all commercial aircraft are manufactured by Boeing in the U.S. and Airbus in Europe; however, there is a relatively small group of companies that manufacture narrow-body commercial jets. Assume for this exercise that Rogers does contract work for the two major manufacturers plus three companies in the second tier.
Because competition is intense in the industry, Rogers has always operated on a fairly thin 20% gross profit margin; hence, it is crucial that it manage non-manufacturing overhead costs effectively in order to achieve an acceptable net profit margin. With declining profit margins in recent years, Rogers Aeronautics' CEO, Len Rogers, has become concerned that the cost of obtaining contracts and maintaining relations with its five major customers may be getting out of hand. You have been hired to conduct a customer profitability analysis.
Rogers Aeronautics' non-manufacturing overhead consists of $2.5 million of general and administrative (G&A) expense, (including, among other expenses, the CEO's salary and bonus and the cost of operating the company's corporate jet) and selling and customer support expenses of $3 million (including 5% sales commissions and $1,050,000 of additional costs). The accounting staff determined that the $1,050,000 of additional selling and customer support expenses related to the following four activity cost pools:

Activity

Activity Cost Driver

Cost per Unit
of Activity
1. Sales visits

Number of visit days

$800

2. Product adjustments

Number of adjustments

1,300

3. Phone and email contacts Number of calls/contacts

50

4. Promotion and entertainment events

Number of events

2,000

Financial and activity data on the five customers follows (Sales and Gross Profit data in millions):

Quantity of Sales and Support Activity
Customer Sales Gross Profit Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4
#1 $17.00 $3.40 106 23 220 82
#2 12.00 2.40 130 36 354 66
#3 3.00 0.60 52 10 180 74
#4 4.00 0.80 34 6 138 18
#5 3.00 0.60 16 5 104 10
$39.00 $7.80 338 80 996 250

In addition to the above, the sales staff used the corporate jet at a cost of $800 per hour for trips to customers as follows:

Customer #1 24 hours
Customer #2 36 hours
Customer #3 5 hours
Customer #4 0 hours
Customer #5 6 hours

The total cost of operating the airplane is included in general and administrative expense; none is included in selling and customer support costs.

a. Prepare a customer profitability analysis for Rogers Aeronautics that shows the gross profits less all expenses that can reasonably be assigned to the five customers.


Notes:

  • Enter figures as complete numbers (with all zeros). For example, 17 million is 17,000,000.
  • Do not use negative signs with any answers.
  • Round return on sales to one decimal place. (Ex: 10.4%)
Customer #1 Customer #2 Customer #3 Customer #4 Customer #5
Sales Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Cost of goods sold Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Gross profit Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Less expenses
Sales commissions Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Sales visits Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Product adjustments Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Phone and other remote contacts Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Promotion and entertainment Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Corporate jet expense Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Customer profitability Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Customer return on sales Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer

b. Now assuming that the remaining general and administrative costs are assigned to the five customers based on relative sales dollars, calculate net profit for each customer.
Enter figures as complete numbers (with all zeros). For example, 1 million is 1,000,000.
Do not use negative signs with any answers.
Do not round during calculation G&A expenses. Round final G&A expenses to the nearest whole number.
Round return on sales to one decimal place. (Ex: 10.4%)

Customer #1 Customer #2 Customer #3 Customer #4 Customer #5
Customer profitability Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Less G & A expense Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Net customer profitability Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer
Net customer return on sales Answer Answer Answer Answer Answer

In: Accounting

1. A company that makes cell phones has the following cost structure. The have fixed costs...

1. A company that makes cell phones has the following cost structure. The have fixed costs of $145 000 per period and manufacturing costs of $15.16 per cell phone. Advertising is expected to be $25 000 per period and a special promotional contest will involve providing a free case for a cost of $5.30 per cell phone. Each cell phone sells for $49.95. What is the break-even point in the number of phones?
2. A pen manufacturer makes luxury pens. The pen case costs $7.26 each, the ink holder costs $1.26 each, the spring costs $.07 each and the velvet pen case costs $0.91 each. The plant has general and administrative costs of $55 000 and fixed selling expenses of $37 500. The pens sell of $39.95 each. Plant capacity is 4 000 pens per period. At what percentage of capacity is the break-even point?
3. A local health care facility has fixed costs per month of $187 400. They also have patient costs of $4.15 per day per patient for linen and cleaning, medication costs are $23.32 per patient per day and lab tests cost $75.61 per patient per day. The government is considering allowing the health care facility to charge each patient and amount to recover his or her costs and to make a "profit" of $15 000 per month. The health care facility averages 690 patients per month. The VP-Finance for the facility wants you to calculate the daily rate charge per patient. Your answer is:
4. A company that makes optical computer input devices has calculated their revenue and costs as follows for the most recent fiscal period:
Sales ​$522 000
Costs:
​Fixed Costs​ $145 000
​Variable Costs ​208 800
Total Costs ​353 800
Net Income ​$168 200
​What is the break-even point in sales dollars?
5. A company that makes environmental measuring devices has calculated their revenue and costs as follows for the most recent fiscal period:
Sales ​$750 000
Costs:
​Fixed Costs​ $200 000
​Variable Costs ​250 000
Total Costs ​450 000
Net Income ​$300 000
​What is the break-even point in sales dollars?
6. A company that makes audio computer input devices has calculated their revenue and costs as follows for the most recent fiscal period:
Sales ​$723 000
Costs:
​Fixed Costs ​$345 000
​Variable Costs ​404 880
Total Costs ​749 880
Net Income (Loss) ​$(26 880)
The company has a target level of profitability of $35,000 per fiscal period. What sales dollar volume do they have to achieve in order to achieve their goal?
7. A company that makes basketballs has calculated their revenue and costs as follows for the most recent fiscal period:
Sales ​$623 000
Costs:
​Fixed Costs ​$???????
​Variable Costs ​404 880
Total Costs ​???????
Net Income (Loss) ​$(26 880)
What are the company's fixed costs per fiscal period?
8. A company that makes customized pens has calculated their revenue and costs as follows for the most recent fiscal period:
Sales ​$100,000
Costs:
​Fixed Costs ​$???????
​Variable Costs ​15 000
Total Costs ​???????
Net Income (Loss) ​$(20,000)
What are the company's fixed costs per fiscal period?
9. A local toolmaker makes the best hammers on the market. The head of the hammer costs $12.11 and the handle costs $4.37. It takes 1.4 minutes to assemble the hammer and the hourly cost is $90.00 for assembly time. The company has fixed operating costs of $22 310 per month. They sell the hammers for three times their total variable cost. The company wants to make a monthly profit of $5000. How many hammers must they sell?
10. A local restaurant has the best meals in town. The average variable cost per meal is $22.74 and the desserts are $5.24. Only half of the patrons order desserts. The restaurant has fixed operating costs of $112 714 per month. They sell the meals and desserts for four times their average variable cost per meal. They company wants to make a monthly profit of $75 000. How many meals must they sell?
11. A local college hospitality restaurant has the best meals in town. The average variable cost per meal is $10.25 and the desserts are $1.25. The restaurant has fixed operating costs of $110 500 per month. They sell the meals and desserts for three times their average variable cost per meal. The college wants to make a monthly profit of $50 000. How many meals must they sell (Round up to nearest whole meal)?
12. A company has variable costs that are 3/8 the value of their sales revenues. Total net income for the most recent period was a profit of $123 400 and sales were $400 000. The company has started a new marketing campaign that they hope will increase sales, but it will require additional advertising of $11 200. How many sales dollars does the company have to generate in order to remain at the same level of profitability as before the new ad campaign?
13. A company has variable costs that are 1/8 the value of their sales revenues. Total net income for the most recent period was a profit of $50 400 and sales were $500 000. The company has started a new marketing campaign that they hope will increase sales, but it will require additional advertising of $15 000. How many sales dollars does the company have to generate in order to remain at the same level of profitability as before the new ad campaign?
14. A company has variable costs that are 4/7 the value of their sales revenues. Total net income for the most recent period was a profit of $53 770 and sales were $420 000. The company has started a new marketing campaign that they hope will increase sales, but it will require additional advertising of $6400. How many sales dollars does the company have to generate in order to remain at the same level of profitability as before the new ad campaign?
15. Excel hardware is introducing a new product on a new product line of capacity 800 units per week at a production cost of $50 per unit. Fixed costs are $22,400 per week. Variable selling and shipping costs are estimated to be $20 per unit. Excel plan to market the new product at $110 per unit. What is the break-even capacity per week?
16. Excel hardware is introducing a new product on a new product line of capacity 800 units per week at a production cost of $50 per unit. Fixed costs are $22 400 per week. Variable selling and shipping costs are estimated to be $20 per unit. Excel plan to market the new product at $110 per unit. What would be the weekly net income at 90% of the capacity?
17. Sala pipe fittings produce pipe elbows and reducers from stainless steel. The company can process up to 20 000 tonnes of stainless steel sheets in a year. The company pays the steel company $800 per tonne of stainless steel sheets and each tonne is used to manufacture $2000 worth of elbows and reducers. Variable processing costs are $470 per tonne and fixed processing costs $3.4 million per year at all production levels. Administrative overhead is $3 million per year regardless of the volume of the production. Marketing and transportation costs work out to be $230 per tonne. Determine the break-even volume in terms of percent capacity utilization.
18. Last year, Terrific Copying had total revenue of $475 000, while operating at 60% of capacity. The total of its variable cost is $150 000. Fixed costs were $180 000. What is Terrific's contribution rate?
19. Last year, Terrific Copying had total revenue of $475 000, while operating at 60% of capacity. The total of its variable cost is $150 000. Fixed costs were $180 000. What is Terrific's break-even point expressed in dollars of revenue?
20. Last year, Terrific Copying had total revenue of $475 000, while operating at 60% of capacity. The total of its variable cost is $150 000. Fixed costs were $180 000. If the current selling price, variable costs, and fixed costs are the same as last year, what net income can be expected from revenue of $500 000 in the current year

In: Advanced Math

Facebook’s Acquisition of WhatsApp: The Rise of Intangibles (A): Susan Shaw had a number of diverse...

Facebook’s Acquisition of WhatsApp: The Rise of Intangibles (A):

Susan Shaw had a number of diverse interests. In addition to a rising legal career, she loved whitewater rafting, gourmet cooking with friends, Broadway musicals, volunteering at the local homeless shelter, and investing in the stock market. It was the investing pursuit that occupied her attention this cold and rainy Saturday morning. On her desk, she had several pages of Facebook Inc.’s 2015, 2014, and 2013 financial statements that she had had the foresight to print out earlier in the week at the office. She was intrigued with the idea of investing in a company that sure seemed like an investment winner.

As she perused the financial statements, her normal starting point for learning more about the performance of a company, the first thing she noticed was that in the 2014 financial statements there were some huge differences from the 2013 statement for a number of line items, including Total Assets, Goodwill, Additional Paid in Capital, Revenue, Net Income, and Net Cash Used in Investing Activities (see Exhibit 1). The reported dollar amounts for many of these items, sprinkled across the 2014 balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows, had more than doubled. “I wonder what’s up,” she mused. “I guess I’ll need to delve into the details to find out. It sure seems unusual that a company could double in size in just one year—there must have been a merger of some sort.” Indeed, a simple Google search of “Facebook and 2014 mergers” turned up a number of hits. Eight of the first ten search listings referred to the company, WhatsApp Inc. Her interest was piqued, so she poured another cup of coffee and began her methodical review.

Facebook, Inc.:

Historically, February 4 was noteworthy for a variety of reasons. In 1826, the James Fenimore Cooper classic, The Last of the Mohicans, was published and remains popular to this day. Almost 100 years later, in 1922, Ford Motor Company purchased Lincoln Motor Company for $8 million in one of the most high-profile corporate acquisitions up to that time. In 1938, Disney released the pathbreaking and enduring animated movie, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. The first electric portable typewriter was offered for sale in Syracuse, New York, on February 4, 1957. Also on that day, in 1998, Bill Gates, of Microsoft fame, was unceremoniously hit in the face with a cream pie, by a local hooligan, upon his arrival for a business meeting in Brussels. And on February 4, 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, then a 19-year-old Harvard college student, quietly launched Facebook from his dormitory room.

Shortly after its launch, Zuckerberg was asked what Facebook was. He replied:

Facebook is] an online directory that connects people through universities and colleges through their social networks there. You sign on, you make a profile about yourself by answering some questions...[provide] contact information [and] anything you want to tell [such as] what books you like, movies, and most importantly, who your friends are. Then you can browse around, see who people’s friends are, and just check out people’s online identities and see how people portray themselves and just find some interesting information about people. When we first launched, we were hoping for 400 or 500 people [and] who knows where we’re going next—maybe we will make something cool!

From Facebook’s 2014 Form 10-K available online through the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) website, Shaw read:
Our mission is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected...Our top priority is to build useful and engaging products that enable people to connect and share through mobile devices and personal computers. We also help people discover and learn about what is going on in the world around them, enable people to share their opinions, ideas, photos and videos, and other activities with audiences ranging from their closest friends to the public at large, and stay connected everywhere by accessing our products...Our business is characterized by innovation, rapid change, and disruptive technologies. We face significant competition in every aspect of our business, including from companies that provide tools to facilitate communications and the sharing of information, companies that enable marketers to display advertising, and companies that provide development platforms for application developers. We compete to attract, engage, and retain people, to attract and retain marketers, and to attract and retain developers to build compelling mobile and web applications that integrate with Facebook, and to attract and retain highly talented individuals, especially software engineers, designers, and product managers.

Shaw recalled that it had not been so long ago that there had been quite a buzz about Facebook’s initial public offering (IPO). Indeed, with much anticipation and excitement, that IPO had taken place on May 18, 2012. By the end of that day, $16 billion had been raised, indicative of a total market capitalization for the company then of just under $91 billion. The following few years were witness to that corporate valuation rising and falling, at times quite dramatically. In spite of those fluctuations, however, the general trajectory for Facebook’s valuation was positive, as were many other aspects of Facebook’s place on the business landscape.

Fast forward. Shaw wondered what other current Facebook-related information she could easily obtain. Among other things, she found that as of May 4, 2016, Facebook’s market capitalization was just over $337 billion. In concert with that valuation, and according to Forbes magazine, Zuckerberg was the sixth wealthiest person in the world, with a net worth of just over $51 billion—and by far, he was the youngest person on the Forbes list of the 100 wealthiest people in the world. Moreover, the Facebook global brand had risen from 69 in Interbrand’s 2012 ranking to 23 in its October 4, 2015, ranking (its brand value was estimated at slightly over $22 billion). And the initially hoped-for 500 users had morphed into more than 1 billion daily active users during March 2016, supported by more than 13,000 Facebook employees. Without a doubt, not bad for “something cool” to have emerged in just 12 short years.

WhatsApp, Inc.:

As a natural extension of her inquiry into Facebook, Shaw began learning about WhatsApp. Five years after the birth of Facebook, Jan Koum and Brian Acton had founded WhatsApp. They were near fanatical about developing an instant messaging system for smartphones focused on speed and reliability, eschewing the typical advertising links and add-ons. In fact, at one time “a hand-written note on [Koum’s] desk read: ‘No Ads! No Games! No Gimmicks!’” After tapping into the SEC’s 10-K website again, Shaw read:
The Company provides a cross-platform communication application, which allows users globally to exchange unlimited text and multimedia (audio, video, and photo) messages without having to pay for short messaging service (SMS) fees. Users can communicate through one-to-one messages, create groups, or broadcast lists. Currently, WhatsApp supports iPhone, BlackBerry (and BB10), Android, Windows, Nokia S40, and Symbian platforms. Users can send messages via WhatsApp application using existing mobile data connections or Wi-Fi. The Company is headquartered in Mountain View, California. The Company provides messaging services through the WhatsApp Messenger application. The users pay a subscription fee for the messaging service that the Company offers in certain countries. The Company derives revenue from two sources: (1) term subscription revenue, which is comprised of subscription fees from users utilizing the WhatsApp messaging service through their mobile devices over a subscription period of one year, three years, or five years; and (2) perpetual subscription revenue from users utilizing the WhatsApp messaging service on mobile devices that have perpetual subscription periods.
Several recent news articles that Shaw also came across provided some updates. Until recently, the user subscription fee was only $1 a year. Because most users were outside the United States, in January 2016, WhatsApp announced it would drop even that low fee “and explore ways that businesses can interact with the mobile messaging service’s users.” According to Koum one of the co-founders, the subscription fee “really doesn’t work that well in a lot of countries, and we just don’t want people to think that their communications with the world will be cut off. Many users don’t have a debit or credit card to let them pay for the service.” After being acquired by Facebook, WhatsApp remained adamant that it would not move to a model relying on “third-party ads to compensate for the loss of annual revenue fees.” It remained an open question of how best to monetize the “one billion monthly active users who send 42 billion messages and share 1.6 billion photos a day.” And undergirding this huge amount of activity was only a handful of engineers—about 50.

The Acquisition:

On February 19, 2014, almost 10 years to the day since Facebook was founded, the company announced it had reached a deal to acquire 100% of WhatsApp shares for $19 billion. Shaw was struck by the unabashed, immediate exclamations coming from the business press describing the purchase price as “insanely high,” “an eye-watering amount,” “a stunner,” “staggering,” “jaw-dropping,” and “a deal of historic proportions.” At that point in time, WhatsApp was unprofitable (Exhibit 2), had a total of 55 employees, 450 million monthly users, 1 million new users signing on per day, no ads, no platform for games, and a $1 annual fee after a free first year of use. Despite these mixed indicators (i.e., unprofitable but lean in size, miniuscule revenue stream but impressive user growth), the acquisition price was indicative of a market capitalization for WhatsApp that exceeded that of such well-known and well-established companies as American Airlines, Ralph Lauren, Campbell Soup, and Coach. As another point of reference, Facebook had purchased Instagram two years earlier for $1 billion; Yahoo! had purchased Tumblr for $1.1 billion in 2013; and Microsoft had paid only $8.5 billion for Skype in 2011. The Facebook deal to acquire WhatsApp was epic by all accounts, but was it a stroke of genius by Zuckerberg or was it a high-priced “roll of the dice” for possibilities, ideas, and access to a handful of talented individuals?

READ the above case before answering the question below.
Question 1:

What strategic moves were perhaps fueling Facebook's interest in acquiring Whatsapp?


In: Accounting

On March 1, Sather Co. sold merchandise to Boone Co. on account, $29,800, terms 2/15, n/30....

On March 1, Sather Co. sold merchandise to Boone Co. on account, $29,800, terms 2/15, n/30. The cost of the merchandise sold is $18,300. The merchandise was paid for on March 14.

Journalize the entries for Sather Co. and Boone Co. for the sale, purchase, and payment of amount due. Refer to the appropriate company’s Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles.

Chart of Accounts-Sather Co.

CHART OF ACCOUNTS
Sather Co.
General Ledger
  ASSETS
110 Cash
121 Accounts Receivable-Boone Co.
125 Notes Receivable
130 Merchandise Inventory
140 Office Supplies
141 Store Supplies
142 Prepaid Insurance
180 Land
192 Store Equipment
193 Accumulated Depreciation-Store Equipment
194 Office Equipment
195 Accumulated Depreciation-Office Equipment
  LIABILITIES
210 Accounts Payable
218 Sales Tax Payable
219 Customers Refunds Payable
220 Unearned Rent
221 Notes Payable
  EQUITY
310 Owner, Capital
311 Owner, Drawing
312 Income Summary
  REVENUE
410 Sales
610 Rent Revenue
  EXPENSES
501 Cost of Merchandise Sold
521 Delivery Expense
522 Advertising Expense
524 Depreciation Expense-Store Equipment
525 Depreciation Expense-Office Equipment
531 Rent Expense
533 Insurance Expense
534 Store Supplies Expense
535 Office Supplies Expense
536 Credit Card Expense
539 Miscellaneous Expense
710 Interest Expense

Chart of Accounts-Boone Co.

CHART OF ACCOUNTS
Boone Co.
General Ledger
  ASSETS
110 Cash
120 Accounts Receivable
125 Notes Receivable
130 Merchandise Inventory
140 Office Supplies
141 Store Supplies
142 Prepaid Insurance
180 Land
192 Store Equipment
193 Accumulated Depreciation-Store Equipment
194 Office Equipment
195 Accumulated Depreciation-Office Equipment
  LIABILITIES
211 Accounts Payable-Sather Co.
218 Sales Tax Payable
219 Customers Refunds Payable
220 Unearned Rent
221 Notes Payable
  EQUITY
310 Owner, Capital
311 Owner, Drawing
312 Income Summary
  REVENUE
410 Sales
610 Rent Revenue
  EXPENSES
501 Cost of Merchandise Sold
521 Delivery Expense
522 Advertising Expense
524 Depreciation Expense-Store Equipment
525 Depreciation Expense-Office Equipment
531 Rent Expense
533 Insurance Expense
534 Store Supplies Expense
535 Office Supplies Expense
536 Credit Card Expense
539 Miscellaneous Expense
710 Interest Expense

Journal-Sather Co.

Journalize the entries for Sather Co. for the sale on March 1 and payment of the amount due on March 14. Refer to the appropriate company’s Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles.

PAGE 10

JOURNAL

  DATE DESCRIPTION POST. REF. DEBIT CREDIT

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2

         

3

         

4

         

5

         

6

         

Journal-Boone Co.

Journalize the entries for Boone Co. for the purchase on March 1 and payment of the amount due on March 14. Refer to the appropriate company’s Chart of Accounts for exact wording of account titles.

PAGE 20

JOURNAL

  DATE DESCRIPTION POST. REF. DEBIT CREDIT

1

         

2

         

3

         

4

         

In: Accounting