1. What are discrepancies between calf intestinal mucosa alkaline phosphatase and human alkaline phosphatase?

2. A solution was made up with p-Nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), 0.1 M borate buffer at pH 9.5 and and alkaline phosphatase. This solution has good enzyme activity. Why does changing the pH to 9 decrease the apparent activity of alkaline phosphatase?

3. solution was made up with p-Nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), 0.1 M borate buffer at pH 9.5 and and alkaline phosphatase. 50 uM of phosphate was added into the solution. Does the addition of phosphate to the assay mix cause competitive or non-competitive inhibition? Is this expected?

• Cell membranes in reindeer legs (near the hooves) are kept flexible because they have a large number of saturated fatty acids.
• Cell membranes in cold-tolerant winter wheat plants have a higher ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids than do cold-intolerant wheat varieties.
• A plant that produces more monounsaturated fatty acids than polyunsaturated fatty acids in its membranes in winter has an increased resistance to freeze damage.
• Yeast cells that produce more unsaturated fatty acids than saturated fatty acids in response to cold have greater cold tolerance.

Multiple Choice: The nucleotide sequence below represents a gene along the length of part of a chromosome. Below the DNA is a pool of tRNA’s with their attached amino acids: the three nucleotides represent the anticodon and the number above each anticodon symbolizes a particular amino acid attached to that tRNA. Using your knowledge of the steps involved in how genes code for proteins, determine which of the amino acid (number) sequences below would correspond with the expected polypeptide chain coded for by the gene:

Pool of tRNA's :

A) 3-8-5

B) 6-1-2

C) 4-8-7

D) none of the above

Choose the FALSE statement:

A) If two individuals each carry a single copy of a gene coding for an autosomal recessive trait (Dd) were to marry, their offspring would have a 25% chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

B) Alleles are the alternate forms of a gene; they first appear in the population as a result of mutations.

C) Hemophilia is a recessive sex-linked trait: If a man with this condition marries a normal woman whose father had hemophilia, all of their male children will have this condition, and all female children will be normal.

Choose the FALSE statement:

A) Catastrophism cannot account for the diversity of life seen on the earth today because many present-day organisms do not appear in the fossil record alongside ancient forms.

B) Lamarck’s proposed mechanism for evolution was based on the inheritance of features gained during an organism’s lifetime; according to this idea organisms could purposefully generate body forms needed to survive and could later pass these on to their offspring.

C) Both Darwin and Wallace were vigorous supporters of the theory known as “evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics”.

What enzymes are unique to glycolysis?

What happens during glycolysis?

How does Fluorouracil work, biologically

- What enzyme/protein does this drug bind to?

- What is the function of this enzyme/protein?

- Where is its active site?

- What is the substrate for the protein/enzyme?

- What is the Km and Vmax of this enzyme if this information is available?

What are Nucleic acids? Why are they important? What are some of the important functions of nucleic acids? Give a list of some important nucleic acids.

What is the difference between a fixed-time enzyme assay and a kinetic enzyme assay and what are the units of enzyme activity?