In each of the following cases, identify whether the problem is adverse selection or moral hazard, and explain your answer. How might the problem be dealt with?

1. Rick has gotten a large advance to write a textbook. With the money in hand, he prefers spending his time sailing rather than sitting in his office working on the book.

2. David is trying to get a large advance to write a textbook. He knows, but publishers don’t, that he did poorly on the writing portion of his entrance exam for graduate school.

3. Brenda is buying a life insurance policy. She knows that members of her family tend to die young.

4. Maria, who has a large life insurance policy, spends her vacation pursuing her favourite hobbies: skydiving, bungee jumping, and bull-fighting.

Hypothesis Tests for Population Mean ( Unknown)

(Using P- Value) The faculty at a large university are irritated by students' cell phones. They have been complaining for the past few years that a cell phone rings in each class at least 15.0 times per semester (which is about once a week). A reporter for the school newspaper claims that students are more courteous with their cell phone now than in past semesters, and that the mean is now lower than 15.0 cell phone disruptions per semester. The reporter asks instructors to keep track of the number of times a cell phone rings in a simple random of 12 different classes one semester. The sample mean is 14.8 class with a standard deviation of 1.2 calls. Does the evidence support the reporter's claim at the 0.10 level of significance?

Mrs. Jones, a widow, is no longer able to live independently and is requiring more and more help with her self-care. Her daughter, Susie, who is married with three school-aged children, agrees to let her mother move in with her. Susie is concerned with balancing the demands of her career and the needs of her family, especially now that her elderly and chronically ill mother will need assistance. She is also unsure about how she feels with the reversal of roles, having to now be the primary caregiver of her mother. How can both the family structural theory and the family developmental theory be applied to this scenario? How can health education enhance health promotion for this family? Provide at least one in-text citation and reference as well

Fill in the blanks:

In studies conducted to assess how well the GRE (Graduate Record Examination) predicts graduate school GPA (grade point average), the GRE is considered the __________ variable and the GPA is the __________ variable.

To establish the concurrent validity of a newly-developed instrument, we can ___________ it with a well-established instrument which measures the same thing.

Correlating the scores from a newly-developed short version of a personality inventory with a similar full-length personality inventory may be used to establish the ____________ validity of the short-version inventory.

When a test simply appears to measure what it is intended to measure, we conclude that the test has a high __________ validity.

In assessing an instrument’s criterion-related validity, the relationship between the instrument and the criterion is indicated by the __________ coefficient.

When an instrument systematically discriminates against a group of test-takers, the test is considered _________.

1. If you wanted to find the difference in Elementary Statistics grades between students who transferred to CSULB from a community college and students who entered CSULB straight out of high school, what test statistic would you use?

2. If you wanted to find the difference in grades among students who took Elementary statistics in their Freshman year, Sophomore year, Junior year, or Senior year in college, what test statistic would you use?

3. If you wanted to see if there is a difference among students who took Elementary statistics in their Freshman year, Sophomore year, Junior year, or Senior year in college, and whether their age at the time affects their grade, what test statistic would you use?

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is an intelligence test, which, like many other IQ tests, is standardized in order to have a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 points.

As an early intervention effort, a school psychologist wants to estimate the average score on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale for all students with a specific type of learning disorder using a simple random sample of 36 students with the disorder.

Determine the margin of error, mm, of a 99% confidence interval for the mean IQ score of all students with the disorder. Assume that the standard deviation IQ score among the population of all students with the disorder is the same as the standard deviation of IQ score for the general population, σ=15σ=15 points.

Give your answer precise to at least two decimal places.

The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale is an intelligence test, which, like many other IQ tests, is standardized in order to have a normal distribution with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 points.

As an early intervention effort, a school psychologist wants to estimate the average score on the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale for all students with a specific type of learning disorder using a simple random sample of 36 students with the disorder.

Determine the margin of error, mm, of a 99% confidence interval for the mean IQ score of all students with the disorder. Assume that the standard deviation IQ score among the population of all students with the disorder is the same as the standard deviation of IQ score for the general population, σ=15σ=15 points.

Give your answer precise to at least two decimal places.

In 2018, Carson is claimed as a dependent on his parent's tax return. Carson's parents provided most of his support.

What is Carson's tax liability for the year in each of the following alternative circumstances? Use Tax Rate Schedule, Dividends and Capital Gains Tax Rates, Estates and Trusts for reference. for reference.

a. Carson is 17 years old at year-end and earned $14,000 from his summer job and part-time job after school. This was his only source of income.

Tax Liability?

b. Carson is 23 years old at year-end. He is a full-time student and earned $14,000 from his summer internship and part-time job. He also received $5,000 of qualified dividend income.

Tax Liability?

Consider a lizard and a bird, each of 20g body mass and each with optimal body temperature of 40°C. Discuss in detail the thermoregulatory strategies (physiologic and behavioural) they employ to survive the SoCal winter (minimum night temp 2°C, maximum day temp 10°C) and summer (minimum night temp 25°C, peak day temp 50°C). Remember that these ambient temperatures are reported for shade! For each species, draw a graph how the body temperature and metabolic rate change over the course of 24 hours in each season.

What if a six footer Komodo dragons got loose and went on the lam on a school campus? How would its thermoregulation differ from that of the 20g lizard? (assume same optimal temperature)