he results of ANOVA test are summarized in Table 1.

Table 1. Shows the results of ANOVA for three different procedures

The degrees of freedom for between and within are:

Select one:

A. 1 and 13 respectively

B. 2 and 12 respectively

C. 3 and 11 respectively

D. 4 and 10 respectively

QUESTION 42

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A research group claims by taking a special vitamin, a weight lifter can increase his strength. After two weeks of training, supplemented with vitamin, they tested again. Test the effectiveness of the regiment at α = 0.05. Assume that the variable is normally distributed. The alternative hypothesis is :

Select one:

a. H0: µD ≥ 0

b. H0: µD = 0

c. H0: µD ≠ 0

d. H0: µD ≤ 0

QUESTION 43

Question text

What is nP0? NEED TO FIND THEM N AND po

Select one:

A. 1

B. no answer

C. n

D. 0

QUESTION 44

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The data for a sample of 100 gave the regression line equation for age and blood pressure is Ÿ = 100 + 0.96X, and the standard error is 5. The 95% confidence interval of the prediction of the blood pressure of a person who is 43 years old showed that the lower confidence limit is :

Select one:

A. 125.67

B. 141.34

C. 142.34

D. 131.48

QUESTION 45

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A researcher wants to investigate if there is a difference in the rates of hotel room in two cities. A sample of 50 were selected from each city, the average hotel room in the first city is RM88.42 and in the second city is RM80.61 and the standard deviation are RM5.62 and RM4. The null hypothesis for the difference between the means is

Select one:

A. µ1 - µ2 ≤ 0

B. µ1 - µ2 = 0

C. µ1 - µ2 ≥ 0

D. µ1 - µ2 ≠ 0

QUESTION 46

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When a distribution is bell-shaped approximately what percentage of data values will fall within one standard deviation of the mean?

Select one:

A. 95%

B. 68%

C. 99.7%

D. 50%

QUESTION 47

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A repair team is responsible for a stretch of oil pipeline 2 miles long. The distance (in miles) at which any fracture occurs can be represented by a uniformly distributed random variable f(x) = 0.5

What is the probability that any given fracture occurs between 0.5 mile and 1.5 miles along this stretch pipeline?

Select one:

A. 0.2

B. 0.5

C. 0.1

D. 0.7

QUESTION 48

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In an advertisement, a retail store stated that its employees averaged nine years of service. The distribution is shown here.

Using the weighted mean, the correct average is .........

Select one:

A. 4.5

B. 3.5

C. 5.4

D. 5.3

QUESTION 49

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The data for a sample of 100 gave the regression line equation for age and blood pressure is Ÿ = 100 + 0.96X, and the standard error is 5. The 95% confidence interval of the prediction of the blood pressure of a person who is 43 years old showed that the upper confidence limit is :

Select one:

A. 159.08

B. 149.09

C. 151.08

D. 155.08

QUESTION 50

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The variance for the data values “ 87, 85, 80, 78, 86, 90” is :

Select one:

A. 4.1

B. 12

C. 85

D. 17.1

Case Study: 10 Keys to Small Business Innovation

Creativity expert Teresa Amabile identifies three components of creativity: (1) Expertise. One must have the technical, procedural, and conceptual knowledge to generate potential solutions to a problem. (2) Creative thinking skills. A person must possess the willingness to take risks and to see problems or situations from different perspectives (3) Motivation. One must have an internal desire to develop creative solutions. This motivation often comes from the challenge that the work itself presents. Entrepreneurs and their employees can transform their companies into engines of innovation by combining these three components of creativity with what management consultant The Doblin Group calls the 10 types of innovation.

i. Business model. How does your company make money? These are innovations in the value proposition that a company provides its target customers and in the way it delivers value to its customers.

ii. Networks and alliances. Can you join forces with another company or entity for mutual benefit? A company may forge a synergistic relationship with another organization in which each company’s strengths complement the other.

iii. Organizational structure. How do you support and encourage your employees’ creative efforts? The most effective organizations use an appropriate structure and culture to align their talent to spark innovation.

iv. Core process. How does your company create and add value for customers? These innovations in a company’s internal processes result in superior business systems and work methods that result in benefits for customers.

v. Product or service performance. What are the most important features and functions of your company’s products or services? Innovations in functions and features can give a company’s product or service a significant edge over those of competitors.

vi. Product system. Can you link multiple products into a system or a platform? Bundling products can add value to customers.

vii. Service. How do you provide value-added service beyond your company’s products for customers? Some of the most successful businesses set themselves apart from their competition by providing unparalleled customer service.

viii. Channel. How do you get your products or services into customers’ hands? Some companies provide extra value to their customers by making their products and services available in many venues.

ix. Brand. What is your company’s “identity” in the marketplace? Successful companies use creative advertising, promotion, and marketing techniques to build a desirable brand identity with customers.

x. Customer experience. Does your company engage customers and give them reasons to come back to make future purchases? Innovative companies find ways to connect with their customers, creating a loyal base of “fansumers,” customers who not only purchase but act like fans who promote the company to their friends and family members.

Boatbound

Serial entrepreneur Aaron Hall took note of the “sharing economy” that emerged during the last recession and launched Boatbound, a peer-to-peer boat rental company that brings together boat owners who are willing to rent their boats when they are not in use and people who want a fun boating experience without the cost of owning a boat. Hall realized that 12.2 million boats are registered in the United States, yet the average owner uses his or her boat just 26 days per year. Boatbound screens all potential renters, verifies the condition and the safety of each boat, carries ample insurance on each boat, and covers general liability. Boat owners select their renters from Boatbound’s pool of applicants and set daily rental fees, and Boatbound collects 35 percent of the fee. Boatbound has rented every kind of boat, from kayaks to yachts with captains. Fees range from $200 to $8,500 per day. “As a boat owner and someone in the marine industry, I’ve been waiting for something like this my whole life,” says Aabad Melwani, owner of a marina. “I just didn’t know it.”

Henrybuilt

Scott Hudson, CEO of Henrybuilt, had created a profitable niche designing and building upscale kitchens that ranged from $30,000 to $100,000. In 2006, Hudson opened a New York City showroom, which doubled in size in just 18 months. By 2008, the company had more than 200 jobs in the United States, Mexico, and Canada. When the recession hit, however, new projects came to a standstill, and customers began cancelling orders. In response, Hudson launched a subsidiary, Viola Park Corporation, that provides customers lower-cost remodeling options that use its software rather than an architect to create “custom” variations on Henrybuilt designs. The result is a process that produces a kitchen much faster and at half the cost of a Henrybuilt kitchen. Henrybuilt sales have recovered, but Viola Park accounts for 20 percent of sales and is growing twice as fast as Henrybuilt. Unequal Technologies Robert Vito started Unequal Technologies in 2008 to supply protective clothing and gear, including bullet-proof vests, to military contractors. The protective gear is made from a lightweight yet strong composite material that he developed and patented. Two years later, the equipment manager of the Philadelphia Eagles called to ask whether Unequal Technologies could create a special garment for one of its star players who had suffered a sternum injury. Vito modified the bullet-proof vest for the player and soon had other players in the National Football League asking for protective gear. Unequal technologies went on to develop Concussion Reduction Technology (CRT), peel-and-stick pads for football helmets that are made from before it reaches the skull. Independent tests show that CRT reduces the risk of head injuries from impact by 53 percent. The company now supplies equipment to 27 of the NFL’s 32 teams and has its sights set on an even larger market: amateur sports. Vito says Unequal’s technology gives the company a competitive edge that has allowed it to increase sales from $1 million to $20 million in just one year.

(Source: Scarborough and Cornwall, 2016)

Required:

1. Drawing on the ten types of innovation and how Boatbound and Henrybuilt as small businesses applied the various types of innovation, develop an idea for a small business that will operate based on at least five (5) of the ten types of innovation illustrated in the case.

1) Parramatta Scenic Cruises Pty Ltd (PSC) is a family-owned ferry business that operates on Sydney’s Parramatta River. Jane Jetson founded the company when she arrived in Australia and remains the Chief Executive Officer. Jane’s two children, Judy and Elroy, occupy key management roles in PSC. Judy Jetson is the Chief Financial Officer and Elroy Jetson is the tax accountant. PSC reported sales of $11 million for the 2017 financial year.

2) PSC is investigating a proposal to renew part of their fleet that involves replacing an existing ferry with a new, faster, 330-seat ferry costing $3 million. Judy is concerned that the net profit of the new ferry won’t generate a fast enough payback period. Therefore, she has discussed her concerns with Jane. Jane carefully explains to Judy the many reasons that profitability is not a good measure of financial success. Judy then prepares to conduct a rigorous cost-benefit analysis to ensure that the new ferry is financially viable.

3) Last month, Judy and Jane paid for a study by SeaWay Consulting P/L at a cost of $487,000 and the study concluded that the large and growing tourism market will generate sufficient demand for a new ferry. Today, PSC must decide if they will proceed with the investment in the new ferry and the associated sale of their existing ferry.

4) Elroy is really excited about the new ferry. It is a 34-metre, 119 tonnes displacement ferry capable of 35 knots with two cabins and four outside decks with a capacity for 330 passengers. According to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) the new ferry has a sixteen-year life for taxation purposes.

5) NSW Maritime requires that all vessels have a Certificate of Operation that indicates that the vessel has been inspected and found to comply with the minimum standards set out in NSW maritime legislation. The compulsory certificate is required before PSC commences operations with the new ferry. Certification requires PSC to spend $200,000 on safety equipment. The certificate expires four years later at which time the ferry must be recertified and the safety equipment replaced at an estimated cost of $200,000. Recertification must occur every four years.

6) Because of limitations on the number of vessels at particular wharves on the Parramatta River the new ferry will replace an existing ferry. Even though the new ferry has an effective life of fifteen years, the Jetson family will operate the ferry for ten years only. Jane has arranged for the sale of the existing ferry for $300,000 today. If they don’t proceed with the new ferry PSC will continue to operate the existing ferry for ten years. The existing ferry was purchased six years ago for $2 million. Elroy states that the annual depreciation expense of $200,000 per annum is based on the ten-year tax life at the time of purchase. The existing ferry has a current book value of $800,000.

7) Elroy has suggested that because the new ferry is analysed over a ten-year time period they need to ensure that they recover all the costs they have incurred to date. Therefore, he recommends the $487,000 SeaWay Consulting fee be allocated equally over the ten-year analysis period.

8) PSC will borrow $2 million using a secured ten-year interest-only loan at an interest rate of 5% per annum to partly finance the new ferry. The loan requires annual interest payments of $100,000 starting in one year’s time. Today, inventory will need to increase by $110,000 to $610,000. Accounts receivable will increase to $750,000 from the current figure of $660,000.

9) At the moment PSC is leasing their Harris Park wharf facility to an unrelated entity for $85,000 p.a. The introduction of the new ferry will require that PSC use the wharf on a full-time basis. In this case, PSC must terminate the lease agreement. There is debate among the family members if this lease agreement is an example of a sunk cost or not.

10) At the moment, the existing ferry generates annual cash sales of $1,400,000. This sales figure is predicted to remain constant for each of the next ten years. The new ferry is predicted to generate cash sales in year one of $1.8 million in year 1 and this sales forecast is anticipated to increase by 4% per annum for the foreseeable future.

11) Judy has gathered some information regarding current and expected costs. At the moment, fixed costs are $400,000 per annum. Fixed costs would rise to $500,000 in year one with the new ferry. PSC is confident that they can reduce the increase in fixed costs by 2% p.a. after the first year. Wages expense is currently $900,000 each year and is predicted to increase to $1.4 million with the introduction of the new ferry. Judy reminds the family about the importance of incremental cash flow items when performing a financial analysis.

12) The current annual maintenance cost of the existing ferry is $63,000. The new ferry will require no maintenance in the first three years of its life because it is covered by a manufacturer’s three-year warranty. However, after the warranty expires in year 4 the annual maintenance expense will be $87,000. Jane has advised that PSC has an insurance policy that will insure any number of the company’s vessels at a fixed annual fee of $145,000.

13) It costs $175,000 a year to operate PSC’s head office and marina on the Parramatta River at Harris Park. With careful management PSC believes they will not require any additional personnel in headquarters if they purchase the new ferry. In any case, the annual head office operating expense will increase by just 2% each year.

14) The ATO classifies the safety equipment required for the Certificate of Operation as a business expense, and that expenses incurred in running PSC are tax deductible in the year the expense is incurred.

15) SeaWay Consulting’s report estimates that the new ferry will have a market value of $1 million in ten years’ time. The existing ferry has a book value of $800,000 today and can be sold for $300,000 today. PSC will use these sale proceeds to distribute a $300,000 dividend to its shareholders today. SeaWay Consulting advises that in ten years’ time the existing ferry would be worthless.

16) The company tax rate is 30% and the required rate of return is 12%.

REQUIREMENTS

Questions 1 to 4 require information relating to the capital budgeting decision of the new ferry. The remaining questions will help guide PSC on two aspects of debt capital, and provide an understanding of listing on the ASX. All answers must be entered into the pre-formatted EXCEL spreadsheet

Present an itemised breakdown (and the total) for each of the following: 1. The cash flows at the start. 2. The cash flows over the life. 3. The cash flows at the end. 4. The NPV of the new ferry and an explanation of your recommendation.

5. At 30 June 2017 PSC had a $5 million secured bank loan with a maturity of 30 June 2022 and an interest rate of 6% p.a. compounded quarterly. The scheduled repayments are $100,000 every three months with the initial $100,000 payment due on 30 June 2018 and the final $100,000 payment due on 30 June 2021. What is the amount of the final one-off repayment that is due on 30 June 2022 to fully pay off the loan? 6. Judy has been studying the 2017 Annual Report of Sealink Travel Group Limited (Sealink) to understand the financing strategies used one of PSC’s largest competitors. What is one reason for the following statement on page 32 of the Sealink Annual Report: “The Group’s policy is to maintain a gearing ratio at less than 60%.”? (1 mark) 7. Judy is considering listing PSC on the ASX. According to the ASX Listing Rules one requirement is for a minimum spread of shareholders. What is one reason for this requirement? (1 mark)

Can anyone help with this sequence rather than other format?

1.Cash flow at the start, 2. Cash flow over the life and 3. Cash flow at the end

1. Which one of the following would be an example of a supply-side market failure?

A. Your business wants to attract repeat customers by putting on a customer-appreciation picnic at a public park, but you decide not to because you couldn't prevent noncustomers from consuming the food and entertainment you provided. B. Everyone rushes to the local retail outlet at midnight on the day of the release of a new video game console, and the store runs out before everyone is able to buy one. C. A gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, but the state uses taxpayer money to clean up the pollution rather than requiring the business to pay. D. A gas station is slowly leaking diesel fuel from its underground tanks, and after the leak is discovered, the business immediately cleans up the pollution at its own expense.

2.The law of increasing opportunity costs states that

A. if the prices of all the resources used to produce goods increase, the cost of producing any particular good will increase at the same rate. B. if society wants to produce more of a particular good, it must sacrifice larger and larger amounts of other goods to do so. C. if the sum of the costs of producing a particular good rises by a specified percent, the price of that good must rise by a greater relative amount. D. the sum of the costs of producing a particular good can't rise above the current market price of that good.

3.Why is regulatory capture a potential government failure?

A. When regulators get too close to the industry they're meant to manage, they may begin to create rules and laws that benefit the industry over the public. B. Laissez-faire economics dictates there should be no government intervention in the markets at all. C. It prevents the government from supplying important public goods. D. The right to coerce is powerful and prone to abuse.

4 .Jacinta, Juan, and Julian have all decided to start a business together. They'll pool their resources to get it started, they'll share any profits or losses from the business equally, and each of them will be personally responsible for any debts or liabilities from the business. What type of business should they form?

A. Corporation B. Sole proprietorship C. Capital accumulation D. Partnership

5.Imagine that the mayor of your town receives most of his reelection funding from cattle industry clients. As soon as he is reelected to office, he passes a law allowing cattle to be driven through the downtown area. The law is very unpopular, and it could be considered a result of _______ on behalf of the cattle industry clients. A. collective-action problems B. political corruption C. Pigovian taxes D. rent-seeking behavior

A) If an economy is in a steady state with no population growth or technological change and the marginal product of capital is greater than the depreciation rate:

steady-state consumption per worker would be higher in a steady state with a higher saving rate.

steady-state consumption per worker would be higher in a steady state with a lower saving rate.

the depreciation rate should be decreased to achieve the Golden Rule level of consumption per worker.

the economy is following the Golden Rule.

B)Which of the following would raise the measured level of investment in the national income accounts?

I purchased shares in Zoom Inc. at the beginning of the pandemic.

Mary buys a pizza for lunch.

Sam buys a house that was built 100 years ago.

Tesla produces cars that are not sold this year.

George saves part of his income in a saving account.

C)In the Solow growth model, a country with a population growth rate of 3%, no technological growth, and depreciation rate 4%, will exhibit a steady state growth rate in output per worker of:

0%

-1%

3%

4%

7%

D)Which of the following policies were not adopted by the government in an attempt to reduce the natural rate of unemployment?

unemployment insurance

public retraining programs

government employment agencies

a bonus program for unemployment insurance claimants who found jobs quickly

E)In the Solow model, if Indonesia lowers its population growth rate, this will ____ the steady state level of output per person,and ____ the steady state growth rate in total output (not per person).

raise, not change

raise, raise

lower, raise

not change, raise

raise, lower

1.A space force service member finds himself floating 100 m from the ship in a training exercise where the drill instructor threw him out of the ship at 1 m/s. He is equipped with a shotgun that is built to work in space. The slug has a mass of 30 grams. He knows from the D.I.s’ safety brief that conservation of momentum and Newton’s third law of motion states if he shoots in the opposite direction he wants to go, he will move in the opposite direction. If his mass including spacesuit is 150 Kg and he has a 3.5 kg shotgun (Including ammo), what is the minimum speed of the slug to get him back to the ship? [12 gauge Mossberg 500 muzzle velocity is around 470 m/s] Is this velocity the space force member needs reasonable?

2. One solution to “artificial gravity” is to have space force service members on the inside of a rotating drum spinning on its axis at a constant rate. In micro gravity the human body does not do well for long periods of time. Muscle atrophy, bone loss, cataract... If the diameter of the space station is 800 m, how many revolutions per minute are needed for the “artificial gravity” acceleration to be 9.80 m/s2? (b) If the space station is a waiting area for space force members going to Mars, it might be desirable to simulate the acceleration due to gravity on the Martian surface is 3.70 m/s2. How many revolutions per minute are needed in this case?