discuss the advantages and risks of open innovation?

5. Chapter 7: Exercise 68 on page 228

Birthrates 2015 The table shows the number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-44 years in the United States, starting in 1965.

A) Make a scatterplot and describe the general trend in Birth Rates (Enter Year as years since 1900: 65,70,75 etc.)

B) Find the equation of the regression of the line:

C) Check to see if the line is an appropriate model. Explain

D) Interpret the slope of the line

E) The table gives rates only at intervals. Estimate what the rate was in 1978

F) In 1978, the birthrate was actually 15.0. How close did your model come?

G) The birthrate in 2020 was not yet available when this was written. Predict the birth rate in 2020 from your model . Comment on your faith in this prediction.

H) Predict the Birthrate for 2050. Comment on your faith in this prediction.

BEST CO sponsors a defined benefit pension plan for its employees. On January 1, 2010, the following balances relate to this plan. GHS Plan assets 480,000 Defined benefit obligation 625,000 Pension asset/liability 45,000 Unrecognized past service cost 100,000 As a result of the operation of the plan during 2010, the following additional data are provided by the actuary. Service cost for 2010 90,000 Discount rate, 9% Actual return on plan assets in 2010 57,000 Amortization of past service cost 19,000 Expected return on plan assets 52,000 Unexpected loss from change in defined benefit obligation, due to change in actuarial predictions 76,000 Contributions in 2010 99,000 Benefits paid retirees in 2010 85,000 Instructions (a) Using the data above, compute pension expense for BEST Co. for the year 2010 by preparing a pension worksheet that shows the journal entry for pension expense and the year-end balances in the related pension accounts.

On February 1, 2010, Marsh Contractors agreed to construct a building at a contract price of $5,800,000. Marsh estimated total construction costs would be $4,000,000 and the project would be finished in 2012. Information relating to the costs and billings for this contract is as follows: 2014 2015 2016 Total costs incurred to date $1,500,000 $2,640,000 $4,600,000 Estimated costs to complete 2,500,000 1,760,000 -0- Customer billings to date 2,200,000 4,000,000 5,600,000 Collections to date 2,000,000 3,500,000 5,500,000

Instructions Fill in the correct amounts on the following schedule.For percentage-of-completion accounting and for completed-contract accounting, show the gross profit that should be recorded for 2010, 2011, and 2012.

Percentage-of-Completion Revenue

2010:

2011:

2012:

Completed-Contract Revenue

2010:

2011:

2012:

Percentage-of-Completion Gross Profit

2010:

2011:

2012:

Completed-Contract Gross Profit

2010:

2011:

2012:

Calculate the Over/Under Billing for:

2010:

2011:

2012:

Please give recommendations from this analysis of Trevor Industries for future to upper management.

For the period ending December 31, 2010, Trevor Industries produced a current ratio of 90% and the acid test of 24%, both ranging below the industry standard. According to the results of these ratios, it can be concluded that the firm’s liquidity is between moderate and low levels of liquidity. The evaluation bases its conclusion on the results of the current ratio which suggests that the firm is capable of meeting approximately 90% of its short-term obligations through liquidation of all its current assets. Firms operating in similar industries possess current ratios two times greater than what currently exists for Trevor Industry.

Since Trevor Industry’s inventories account for almost 60% of the current assets, the acid test was used to produce a clearer picture of the financial position of the firm with regards to liquidity. Recall, Gitman, L.J& Zutter, C.J. (2015, pg 120) affirms that inventories are the least liquid current assets since it is made-up of partially completed products or special purposes items and are sold generally on credit (means inventories sold become accounts receivables before it can be converted to cash). The inventory turnover ratio for the past two financial periods indicates a slowing down of inventory turnover. The acid-test ratio according to Hayes (2020) uses a firm’s balance sheet data as an indicator of whether it has enough short-term assets to cover its short-term liabilities. The acid test ratio of 0.24 as of December 31, 2010, is 65% lower than the industry average – therefore, Trevor Industries must conduct a deeper investigation into its ability to finance short-term obligations to prevent cash flow problems or possible business failure.

Trevor Industries was successful in maintaining its gross profit margin of 40% at year end. However, these profits were significantly reduced after operating expenses were deducted. As at December 31, 2010 variable operating expenses and depreciation expenses (owing to the purchase of additional fixed assets) grew exponentially leaving an operating Profit margin of 10.63%. Once interest expense was deducted from Operating Profit and taxation deducted from Net Profit before tax- a Net Profit Margin of 3% of sales was retained- lower than 2009. This means as at December 31, 2010 Trevor industry was only able to retain 3% his revenues generated from sales.

Potential as well as present stockholders will be interested in knowing Trevor Industry’s earning per share (EPS). Observing Trevor Industry’s 2009 EPS it is noted that the firm’s financial position is improving; as it stands (as at December 31, 2010) Trevor Industry’s EPS is $1.09 which means that for every dollar earned in profits, $1.09 is earned for its stockholders. Based on the firm’s current trajectory it is becoming more attractive to outside investors and would encourage its current common stockholders to invest additional capital into the firm. Especially with return on equity improvements as December 31,2010. Common stockholders now earn approx. 9 cents for every dollar invested in Trevor Industries

As at December 31, 2010 Trevor Industry held a Debt ratio of 60% which was slightly above that of the industry average. This ratio suggests that 60% of the firm’s assets are financed through debt which lends to some degree of financial leveraging. The Debt to equity ratio of 158.4% confirms the implied use of financial leveraging by increasing the firm’s indebtedness (risk) to generate prospective returns on investment. It is to be noted however that a significant portion (approx. 75%) of the firm’s Debt is in short-term lending which will create significant pressure on the firm to meet its obligations in the short- term. Against this backdrop, coverage was examined. Trevor Industries' ability to service its interest payments as at December 31, 2010 was moderately sufficient however limited. As at the date aforementioned, Trevor industry’s times interest-earned ratio is 2.78 which means that Earnings before interest and tax can fall by 64% and the firm will still be able to meet its interest expense. It means therefore Trevor industry has a moderately sufficient however limited margin of safety.

Ryan White Title- Latino Commission on AIDS (TOPIC)

Contribute a description of their respective stakeholder/organization/agency and will Include statements about their:

Mission

Goals

What this stakeholder/agency/organization can contribute to the coalition effort and why

HOW the coalition work will align with the collective missions of each organization

What are the advantages and disadvantages of decentralized government? Why can a federal system of government take advantage of both centralized and decentralized collective decision making? Why are local governments likely to be limited to a greater degree than the central government in the extent to which they can engage in redistribution and stabilization programs?

1) Explain why the health care system is running out of medical supplies (beds, masks, ventilators,) during the pandemic of COVID-19 based on some of these economic terms:

- Public goods

- Free rider problems

- Common pool resources

- Management/ collective actions

- Non-market failure

25) Which of the following is the technology in which an immune cell is genetically engineered to be able to 'see' cancer cells and destroy them? A. PCR B. Stem Cell Technology C. Anti-Angiogenesis D. CAR-T Therapy

26) For research and forensic purposes, scientists need to separate DNA pieces to view a banding pattern. Separation of DNA based on their size is called A. PCR B. DNA sequencing C. gel electrophoresis D. CAR-T therapy

27) Why do antibiotics NOT work to inactivate viruses? A. Viruses can break down and inactivate antibiotics. B. Antibiotics inhibit DNA replication and viruses don’t have DNA. C. Antibiotics inhibit cell wall formation and viruses don’t have a cell well. D. Viruses make a competitive inhibitor of the antibiotic.

Week 5 - Discussion - Define innovation process Assume you are working for an organization with which you're familiar. They ask you to help them develop a process that will help encourage innovation among employees. Using this week's lectures and readings, develop a draft of a recommended innovation process and explain why these steps are important. Include factors to watch during implementation. Please include references. Responses could include the following: • Ask for clarification if you don't understand something • Compare and contrast two or more definitions. How are they the same and how are they different? What do those differences mean? • Are there missing steps in the process that might be helpful? Does this remind you of additional factors the company should consider?