Biodiversity loss is one of the more important environmental issues humans need to address. a. (3 pts.) Name two ecosystem services biodiversity provides and why each is important. b. (3 pts.) Name three human activities that are threats to biodiversity? Which is the greatest threat and why? c. (2 pts.) What can society and individuals do to reduce the risk of extinction (list at least two things). Name a MN threatened/endangered species we talked about that would be helped by these actions.

Historical references as well as current anecdotal reports suggest that under very unusual circumstances, males can breastfeed. The Talmud, a book of Jewish law, discusses a man whose wife died and who had no nourish the child with his own body. The writings of other religions report similar tales. In agriculture, male goats can receive hormonal treatments and make milk. Do you think that it is possible for a human male to breastfeed, and if so, what conditions must be provided to coax his body to produce a secrete milk?

The problem of many developing businesses has always been attributed to insufficient or lack of capital to run these enterprises. But on taking an MBA course at the University, you have come to realize that most businesses in Ghana and Africa fail not because of capital adequacy issues but rather, human resources management issues. What significant expectations would you give to all HR managers as needed competences to be equipped with if you are the consultant general to businesses in Ghana? Discuss these factors or requirements in not more than One and half (11 /2) pages.

1. How does a change in the autonomous expenditure influence the AE curve curve? Use graph to support your answer (2.5 Marks) 2. What is the difference between financial capital, physical capital and human capital? (2.5 Marks) Question Two: (A1, C1) 1. Explain how change in the interest rate and inflation might affect saving and investment decision in the economy? (2.5 Marks) 2. What are the five main determinants of consumption spending? Which of these is the most important? (2.5 Marks)

Please provide comments and short answers to the following statements.

1. Companies are now more aware of the environmental and social impacts that resulted from their operations and start to consider these factors into their decision- making process, in addition to the traditional financial considerations. In your opinion, does such practice support or contradict the goal of the firm to maximize

   shareholder value? Justify your answer.

2. Since it is assumed that human being will try to maximize their wealth, then the

   interests of both the company’s shareholders and management will always be inline and goal congruence can easily be achieved.

Economic laws have been true throughout human history. As an example, consider the following passage, from Professor Samaddar’s lectures on the economy of Ancient India:

“Weaving in India has been encouraged from time immemorial... As is the case now-a-days, labourers working overtime were given extra payment... and special rewards were given for working on holidays.” (p.117)

Using a supply and demand diagram in the market for labour, clearly explain why Indian workers working overtime or during holidays were paid extra

Many humans claim to have a “sweet tooth”. Yet, excess sugar is bad for our health. Presumably, our craving for sweet food substrates has an evolutionary basis – it probably directed human ancestors to forage for fruit, not candy. What nutritional benefits (name at least three) do we get from fresh fruit? Why is the amount of sugar contained in a few pieces of fruit not bad for us? Given that most of the fruit matter (cell wall) is indigestible to us, what is the reason for ingesting cellulose?

More than 6.7 billion people inhabit our planet. Due to advances in technology and invention of agriculture, we have skirted the environmental resistance to growth. We have also impinged upon other species demographics. First describe the human population growth. (Is logistic? If so, what phase of the logistic growth curve? What type of survivorship curve? Are we r-selected or k-selected?) Next, describe what you feel would be a fair way to control our population growth?