Distillation is a technique that is to purify liquid compounds. Explain how distillation is used to separate the target product from any residual unreacted starting material.     [2.0 Marks]

Upon completion of the reaction (before filtration), an additional 4.0 mL of 1.0 M NaOH/EtOH was added to the reaction. What was the purpose of this step? Include a chemical reaction as part of your answer. [1 Mark]

The term “side reactions” refers to any chemical reaction that can occur that form products other than the desired product. Side reactions can consume the reactants of your intended reaction, and can affect the percent yield of your target product. Draw the full reaction mechanism for a possible side reaction that can occur under these reaction conditions. Include all charges and intermediates. Vaguely directed arrows will not receive marks. [2.0 Marks]

Consider two countries, Germany and Italy, which produce two goods, beer and cheese. The labour requirements (in hours) for producing one unit of these goods in each country are:

Which country has the absolute advantage in the production of beer and which in the production of cheese? (Mark: 0.2)

Which country has the comparative advantage in the production of beer and which in the production of cheese? Describe the pattern of trade. (Mark: 0.6)

Determine the range of the international relative price defined as the price of beer over the price of cheese. (Mark: 0.2)

country with the lower productivity, can be competitive in the good they specialize. (Mark: 1.0)

has a target capital structure of 65% common equity and 35% debt to fund its $10 billion in operating assets. Furthermore, Kahn Inc. has a WACC of 16%, a before-tax cost of debt of 12%, and a tax rate of 25%. The company's retained earnings are adequate to provide the common equity portion of its capital budget. Its expected dividend next year (D₁) is $2, and the current stock price is $25.

1. What is the company's expected growth rate? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

   11.78 %

2. If the firm's net income is expected to be $1.0 billion, what portion of its net income is the firm expected to pay out as dividends? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places. (Hint: Refer to Equation below.)

   Growth rate = (1 - Payout ratio)ROE

     %

A horizontal piston assembly contains water. The piston is connected to a shaft, which can apply different forces to the piston as the water is expanded or compressed. Initially the apparatus contains a saturated liquid-vapor mixture of water at .9 bar with quality of 80% and a volume of 1.0 m^3. The shaft is programmed to move following a polytropic processs until the volume doubles and the pressure is 0.7 bar.

A) For the initial state, what percent of the total volume is occupied by vapor?

B) Could Kinetic and potential effects be neglected for the system? Why or Why not?

C) Determine the amount of heat transfer required to accompany the process in kJ

D) For the initial state, calculate the amount of mass present in the vapor phase kg

E) Determine the type of polytrophic process (find n when PV^n= Constant

If you could answer all the question you’d be absolutely amazing

CASE SCENARIO:

An 80 year-old woman fell in her home. She is evaluated in the emergency room and is found to have a hip fracture. She was recently started with hydrocholorothiazide to treat her hypertension. She has been on an SSRI for depression following the loss of her husband and is taking NSAIDs for pain associated with osteoarthritis. Her vitals are stable. She is lethargic and disoriented but otherwise appears well. Laboratory works reveals Na – 105 mEq/L, K – 3.2 mEq/L, BUN – 32 mg/dL, Creatinine – 1.0 mg/dL.

1. Would this case suggest hypovolemia? If it is a case of hypovolemia, what was the cause and what type is it?
2. How would you manage this patient?
3. What are your nursing priorities in providing care to this patient?
4. Provide the title of the case scenario based on the cause of the problem.

The following results were obtained in an environmental cohort study which was investigating the risk of brain cancer associated with exposure to high power transmission lines. Brain cancer was a binary variable meaning the person had it or did not.   

Please fill in the table above. Please show all your work. Use the lowest radiation category (i.e. 0-0.99) as the referent group.

Please interpret the relative risk for the 1-4.99 and ≥5 REM groups compared to the referent group.

Based on the Bradford-Hill criteria discussed in the Causality lecture, what causal criteria is mainly demonstrated by this study? Provide your justification.

1. Consider the markets for pharmaceutical-grade pain killers and over-the-counter pain relievers. Evaluated at the market equilibrium, the estimated price elasticities of demand are 0.2 for the former and 1.8 for the latter. Assume the price elasticity of supply is 1.0 in each market.

a. Construct side-by-side diagrams in which the prices of both goods are assumed to be equal. Identify the equilibrium price and quantity in both markets.

b. Suppose a fall in input prices increases the supply of both products proportionately. Illustrate the impact of the increase in supply on the equilibrium price and quantity.

c. Using the graphs drawn to answer (b), which good experiences a relatively larger change in price, and which good experiences a relatively larger change in quantity?

d. What happens to consumer spending (i.e. total revenue) in each market? Explain your answer by identifying and explaining the price and quantity effects.

CASE SCENARIO:

An 80 year-old woman fell in her home. She is evaluated in the emergency room and is found to have a hip fracture. She was recently started with hydrocholorothiazide to treat her hypertension. She has been on an SSRI for depression following the loss of her husband and is taking NSAIDs for pain associated with osteoarthritis. Her vitals are stable. She is lethargic and disoriented but otherwise appears well. Laboratory works reveals Na – 105 mEq/L, K – 3.2 mEq/L, BUN – 32 mg/dL, Creatinine – 1.0 mg/dL.

1. Would this case suggest hypovolemia? If it is a case of hypovolemia, what was the cause and what type is it?
2. How would you manage this patient?
3. What are your nursing priorities in providing care to this patient?
4. Provide the title of the case scenario based on the cause of the problem.

A solution prepared by mixing 60.0 mL of 0.220 M AgNO3 and 60.0 mL of 0.220 M TlNO3 was titrated with 0.440 M NaBr in a cell containing a silver indicator electrode and a reference electrode of constant potential 0.175 V. The reference electrode is attached to the positive terminal of the potentiometer, and the silver electrode is attached to the negative terminal. The solubility constant of TlBr is Ksp = 3.6 × 10–6 and the solubility constant of AgBr is Ksp = 5.0 × 10–13.

(c) Calculate the first and second equivalence points of the titration.

(d) What is the cell potential when the following volumes of 0.440 M NaBr have been added? a. 1.0 ml b. 16.0 ml c. 29.0 ml d. 29.9 ml e. 30.3 ml f. 46.0 ml g. 60.0 ml h. 62.0 ml