Complete the following statements to describe how independent assortment contributes to genetic variation. Not all choices will be used.

During independent assortment, ____________ chromosomes separate.

This separation is ____________ ; it is due to their alignment down the metaphase plate.

The maternal or paternal homologue may be oriented toward either ____________ .

This randomized separation aids in genetic ____________ for offspring.

This variation helps in the long-term ____________ of the species.

Word Bank:

Complete the following statements of how meiosis increases genetic variation. Not all choices will be used.

Two events within meiosis increase variability. During prophase I, ____________ and crossing-over occurs.

This event allows for ____________ to break and rejoin.

This results in two chromosomes with a different combination of ____________ than they had before.

During metaphase I, homologous pairs align ____________ at a cell's equator.

This results in random separation of maternal and paternal chromosomes when the cell divides, creating ____________ combinations of final chromosome combinations in human cells.

Word Bank:

Complete the following statements to describe the differences between chromosomes and chromatin. Not all choices will be used.

Genetic material within the nucleus of a cell is typically arranged as ____________ , or long tangled collections of DNA and proteins.

During cell division, this DNA condenses into tightly coiled structures to form ____________ .

Humans have 46 of these; 22 of these pairs are called the ____________ and one pair is called the ____________ chromosomes.

These ____________ chromosomes control gender. Males have ____________ X chromosome and a Y chromosome, while females have ____________ X chromosomes.

Word Bank:

Complete the following statements to describe the differences between chromosomes and chromatin. Not all choices will be used.

Duplicated chromosomes called ____________ chromatids, contain the same genes.

They are held together by a region called the ____________ .

The chromatids remain together until a phase within mitosis, where the ____________ splits.

At this point, the chromatids separate and two individual ____________ chromosomes are fully formed.

Word Bank:

Creating a Dictionary (python 3)

Description

Larry is an immigrant in the USA and has a hard time understanding English there. So he decides to make a software that will tell him the synonyms of the word that he types. He has asked you for help.

Remember, you will first need to choose a data structure that you will use to store the information about the words. You can use lists or dict or tuple or anything else for this purpose.

There will be two actions involved:

Action 1 = Store the following words as synonyms of each other.

Action 2 = Always followed by one word. Print ALL the synonyms of that word in alphabetical order (note: the synonyms printed should not have the query word).

Input:

The input will be one list whose first entry is an int ‘test’ and all other subsequent entries will be lists. ‘test’ will represent the number of lists that follow.

Each of the following lists will consist of a number as its zeroth index (1 or 2) denoting the action to be taken on the words.

Output:

Each action 2 will print the synonyms in the order it is called.

Sample input:

[ 7,

[1,'good','sound','first-class'],

[1,'enough', 'abundant'],

[1,'adequate', 'enough', 'ample'],

[2, 'adequate'],

[2, 'good'],

[1, 'bright', 'illuminous'],

[2, 'cs'] ]

Sample output:

adequate: abundant,ample,enough
good: first-class,sound
cs: 

Explanation:

There are three queries for Action 2 and, hence, the output will have three lines.

Line 1: Adequate has three synonyms ( [1,'enough', 'abundant'], [1,'adequate', 'enough', 'ample'],).

So the three synonyms will be printed in alphabetical order:

Enough: abundant,ample,enough

Line 2: Good has two synonyms ( [1,'good','sound','first-class'] ).

So the two synonyms will be printed in alphabetical order:

Good: first-class, sound

Line 3: there are no synonyms added for cs and hence no synonyms will be printed, but just “cs: ”.(Note space after cs: )
Note that the print order is the same as the order in which ACTION2 is called i.e. adequate, good, cs

problem 2

Retail products are identified by their Universal Product Codes (UPCs). The most common form of a UPC has 12 decimal digits: The first digit identifies the product category, the next five digits identify the manufacturer, the following five identify the particular product, and the last digit is a check digit. The check digit is determined in the following way:

• Beginning with the first digit multiply every second digit by 3. • Sum all the multiplied digits and the rest of the digits except the last digit. • If the (10 - sum % 10) is equal to the last digit, then the product code is valid. • Otherwise it is not a valid UPC.

The expression is: sum = 3.x1 + x2 + 3.x3 + x4 + 3.x5 + x6 + 3.x7 + x8 + 3.x9 + x10 + 3.x11 where the x’s are the first 11 digits of the code.

If you choose to add the last digit also in the second step and if the sum is a multiple of 10, then the UPC is valid. Either way, you still need to perform the modular division to check whether the given number is a valid code. In this problem, you need to use either a string or long long integer type for the product code because it is 12 digits long. If you use string, you can convert one character substring of the string in to a single digit integer from left to right using the function stoi(str.substr(i,1)). This way you do not need to get last digit of the number and then divide the number by 10.

in c++

problem 3

Translate the following pseudocode for randomly permuting the characters in a string into a C++ program. Read a word. repeat word.length() times Pick a random position i in the word, but not the last position. Pick a random position j > i in the word. swap the letters at positions j and i. Print the word. Please work on this problem after we learn to generate random numbers in the class which is on Wednesday the latest. These problems only deal with simple loop while, for and do loops. You will get a second set of problems next week on nested loops.

Write a program that prompts the user for a file name, make sure the file exists and then reads through the file, counts the number of times each word appears and outputs the word count in a sorted order from high to low.

The program should:

• Display a message stating its goal
• Prompt the user to enter a file name
• Check that the file can be opened and if not ask the user to try again (hint: use the try/except structure)
• Count the number of times each word appears in the file, regardless if in lowercase or uppercase (hint: use dictionaries and the lower() function)
• Display the word count in order from high to low
• Bonus: if a few words have the same count, sort the display in an alphabetic order
• For example, for the attached file NYT2.txt, the top five words in the output should be

the - 7

in - 6

to - 5

and - 4

of - 4

File Name: NYT2.txt

File Content:

Fact-Checking Trump’s Orlando Rally: Russia, the Wall and Tax Cuts
President Trump delivered remarks in Florida in a formal start to his re-election effort.
Deutsche Bank Faces Criminal Investigation for Potential Money-Laundering Lapses        
Federal authorities are focused on whether the bank complied with anti-money-laundering laws, including in its review of transactions linked to Jared Kushner.
Five NY1 Anchorwomen Sue Cable Channel for Age and Gender Discrimination
The women, including Roma Torre, say their careers were derailed after Charter Communications bought New York’s hometown news station in 2016.
Hypersonic Missiles Are Unstoppable. And They’re Starting a New Global Arms Race.
The new weapons — which could travel at more than 15 times the speed of sound with terrifying accuracy — threaten to change the nature of warfare.
Nxivm’s Keith Raniere Convicted in Trial Exposing Sex Cult’s Inner Workings
Mr. Raniere set up a harem of sexual “slaves” who were branded with his initials and kept in line by blackmail.
Jamal Khashoggi Was My Fiancé. His Killers Are Roaming Free.
Washington hasn’t done enough to bring the murdered Saudi columnist’s killers to justice.

Write a complete Java Program to solve the following problem.

February 18 is a special date as this is the date that can be divisible by both 9 and 18

Write a program that asks the user for a numerical month and numerical day of the month and then determines whether that date occurs before, after, or on February 18.

If the date occurs before February 18, output the word Before. If the date occurs after February 18, output the word After. If the date is February 18, output the word Special.

Note: Passing the sample test cases are not enough to earn the full marks. You need to test your program for different months and dates to see whether your program will work in all the cases.

Input

The input consists of two integers each on a separate line. These integers represent a date in 2015.
The first line will contain the month, which will be an integer in the range from 1 (indicating January) to 12 (indicating December).
The second line will contain the day of the month, which will be an integer in the range from 1 to 31. You can assume that the day of the month will be valid for the given month.

Output

Exactly one of Before, After or Special will be printed on one line.

Sample Input 1

1
7

Sample Output 1

Before

Sample Input 2

8
31

Sample Output 2

After

Sample Input 3

2
18

Sample Output 3

Special

Must be coded in java. Easy code for grade 11 class

with C# FizzBuzz is a group word game for children to teach them about division. Players take turns to count incrementally, replacing any number divisible by three with the word fizz, any number divisible by five with the word buzz, and any number divisible by both with fizzbuzz.

Some interviewers give applicants simple FizzBuzz-style problems to solve during interviews. Most good programmers should be able to write out on paper or whiteboard a program to output a simulated FizzBuzz game in under a couple of minutes.

Create a console application that outputs a simulated FizzBuzz game counting up to 100. The output should look something like this:

1, 2, Fizz, 4, Buzz, Fizz, 7, 8, Fizz, Buzz, 11, Fizz, 13, 14, FizzBuzz,
16, 17, Fizz, 19, Buzz, Fizz, 22, 23, Fizz, Buzz, 26, Fizz, 28, 29, FizzBuzz, 31,
32, Fizz, 34, Buzz, Fizz, 37, 38, Fizz, Buzz, 41, Fizz, 43, 44, FizzBuzz, 46,
47, Fizz, 49, Buzz, Fizz, 52, 53, Fizz, Buzz, 56, Fizz, 58, 59, FizzBuzz, 61,
62, Fizz, 64, Buzz, Fizz, 67, 68, Fizz, Buzz, 71, Fizz, 73, 74, FizzBuzz, 76,
77, Fizz, 79, Buzz, Fizz, 82, 83, Fizz, Buzz, 86, Fizz, 88, 89, FizzBuzz, 91,
92, Fizz, 94, Buzz, Fizz, 97, 98, Fizz, Buzz.

1)

Which of the following is type of fallacy of ambiguity?

Equivocation

Fallacy of Division

Amphiboly

All of the these

2)

Which type of fallacy involves arguments that are psychologically or emotionally persuasive but lead to a logically incorrect conclusion.

Formal Fallacy

Informal Fallacy

Neither formal or informal fallacies

Both formal and informal fallacies

3)

A Fallacy is a faulty argument that looks valid.  
True

False

4)

Amphiboly is a type of fallacy that deals with the following.

A vague or unclear word or phrase

A grammatical error that leads to more than one conclusion

An argument is changed based on an emphasized phrase

A memeber of a group is wrongly assumed to be a characteristic of the whole group

5)

Fallacies of Accent are a type of fallacy that deals with the following.

A vague or unclear word or phrase

A grammatical error that leads to more than one conclusion

An argument is changed based on an emphasized phrase

A member of a group is wrongly assumed to be a characteristic of the whole group

6)

Where are you likely to encounter fallacies in reasoning?

In Advertising

In Politics

On the Internet

All of these

7)

Equivocation is a type of fallacy that deals with the following.                   

A vague or unclear word or phrase    

A grammatical error that leads to more than one conclusion            

An argument is changed based on an emphasized phrase                 

A member of a group is wrongly assumed to be a characteristic of the whole group.

8)

The following is an example of which type of fallacy: “I understand that Canadians are very nice people. Therefore, Derek, who is from Vancouver, must be really nice.”

Fallacy of Composition                      

Fallacy of Division                

Amphiboly     

Fallacy of accent

#include <cstring>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
  
    const int SIZE = 20;
    char str[SIZE];
    char str1[SIZE];
    int n;
    int k =1;
  
    printf("Enter a word: \n");
    fgets(str,SIZE,stdin);
    printf("Enter another word: \n");
    fgets(str1,SIZE,stdin);
  
    if (str1[strlen(str1) - 1] == '\n')
    {
        str1[strlen(str1)-1] = '\0';
    }
    if (str[strlen(str) - 1] == '\n')
    {
        str[strlen(str)-1] = '\0';
    }
  
  
    printf("Enter a number between 1 and 20: \n");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    strcat(str, " ");
    strncat(str, str1,n);
    printf("%s", str);
  
    printf("\n");
  
    str[0] = toupper(str[0]);
    for (int i = 1; i < strlen(str); i++)
    {
        str[i] = tolower(str[i]);
        if(str[i-1] == ' ')
        {
            str[i]= toupper(str[i]);
        }
    }
    for (int j = 1; j < strlen(str); j ++)
    {
        for (int i = 1; i < strlen(str); i++)
        {
           // if(str[i]!= '\0')
            {
                if(!strstr(str, "here"))
                {
                    k++;
                 
                }
              if(strchr(str,'\0'))
                {
                    break;
                }
              
           }
        }
       
      
      
    }
    cout << "Found "<< k << " words 'here' in: \n" << str;
  
    return 0;
}

================================================================================

so im practicing working on c++ with c-strings and i when i compile and run this, at the end the loop iterates one time for the entire length of the cstring and i cannot figure out how to end it after finding the 'k' amount of times the word "here" is in the string.

Item 1

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version There is a desperate need for theorists and researchers to generate and refine a new breed of learning-focused instructional design theories that help educators and trainers to meet those needs, (i.e., that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity). The health of instructional-design theory also depends on its ability to involve stakeholders in the design process. References: Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

We "need theorists and researchers to generate and refine learning-focused instructional design theories...." Such theories will "help educators and trainers to meet those needs ... that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity." References: Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 2

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version In examining the history of the visionary companies, we were struck by how often they made some of their best moves not by detailed strategic planning, but rather by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and--quite literally--accident. What looks in hindsight like a brilliant strategy was often the residual result of opportunistic experimentation and "purposeful accidents." References: Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

When I look back on the decisions I've made, it's clear that I made some of my best choices not through a thorough analytical investigation of my options, but instead by trial and error and, often, simply by accident. The somewhat random aspect of my success or failure is, at the same time, both encouraging and scary.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 3

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version Merck, in fact, epitomizes the ideological nature--the pragmatic idealism--of highly visionary companies. Our research showed that a fundamental element in the "ticking clock" of a visionary company is a core ideology--core values and a sense of purpose beyond just making money--that guides and inspires people throughout the organization and remains relatively fixed for long periods of time. References: Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

Research conducted by Collins and Porras (2002) highlights the importance of establishing and committing to an ideology comprised of two parts: (1) core values; (2) a core purpose. In my personal experience it seems easier to define a core ideology than to live it consistently. References: Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 4

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version But what are reasonable outcomes of the influence of global processes on education? While the question of how global processes influence all aspects of education (and who controls these forces) is multidimensional and not completely testable, there appear to be some theories of globalization as it relates to education that can be empirically examined. References: Rutkowski, L., & Rutkowski, D. (2009). Trends in TIMSS responses over time: Evidence of global forces in education? Educational Research and Evaluation, 15(2), 137-152.

The question of “how global processes influence all aspects of education (and who controls these forces) is multidimensional and not completely testable but there appear to be some theories of globalization as it relates to education that can be empirically examined” (Rutkowski and Rutkowski, 2009, p. 138).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 5

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version The goal of instruction for the behaviorist is to elicit the desired response from the learner who is presented with a target stimulus. To accomplish this, the learner must know how to execute the proper response, as well as the conditions under which that response should be made. Therefore, instruction is structured around the presentation of the target stimulus and the provision of opportunities for the learner to practice making the proper response. References: Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50-71.

According to behaviorism, instruction should provide necessary stimulus in order for learners to produce desired response. It is important that the learner must know how to execute the proper response under the required conditions in order to produce the desired response (Ertmer & Newby, 1993). Instruction should provide learner with opportunities that the learner practice to elicit the desired outcome. References: Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (1993). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 6(4), 50-71.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 6

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version There is a design methodology called rapid prototyping, which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given similarities between software design and instructional design, we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction. References: Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.

Rapid prototyping could be an advantageous methodology for developing innovative computer-based instruction. Software engineers have been successful in designing applications by using rapid prototyping. So it also could be an efficient way to do instructional design. References: Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 7

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version First, the potential of digital games is discussed using the tutor/tool/tutee framework proposed by Taylor (1980). Second, the potential of digital games to enhance learning by connecting game worlds and real worlds is stated. Third, the possibility of digital games to facilitate collaborative problem-solving is addressed. Fourth, the capability of digital games to provide an affective environment for science learning is suggested. Last, the potential of using digital games to promote science learning for younger students is indicated. References: Li, M. C., & Tsai, C. C. (2013). Game-Based Learning in Science Education: A Review of Relevant Research. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 1-22.

There are five advantages of using games in science learning stated in the literature. Games can be used as tools; make connections between virtual worlds and the real world; promote collaborative problem solving; provide affective and safe environments; and encourage younger students for science learning.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 8

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version In contrast to the transmittal model illustrated by the classroom lecture-note taking scenario, the constructivist model places students at the center of the process--actively participating in thinking and discussing ideas while making meaning for themselves. And the professor, instead of being the "sage on the stage," functions as a "guide on the side," facilitating learning in less directive ways. References: King, A. (1993). From sage on the stage to guide on the side. College Teaching, 41, 30-35.

Considering the major changes and shifts in educational needs of today's society, the need for a new paradigm of education has emerged. This new paradigm of education requires a major change in the role of teachers from being the sage on the stage to a guide on the side, facilitating learning in less directive ways. References: King, A. (1993). From sage on the stage to guide on the side. College Teaching, 41, 30-35.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 9

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version The philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner; is a human construction. References: Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

"The philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge is a human construction" (p. 29).

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism

Item 10

In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button. Original Source Material Student Version There is a desperate need for theorists and researchers to generate and refine a new breed of learning-focused instructional design theories that help educators and trainers to meet those needs, (i.e., that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity). The health of instructional-design theory also depends on its ability to involve stakeholders in the design process. References: Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

We need theorists and researchers to generate and refine learning-focused instructional design theories. Such theories will help educators and trainers to meet needs that focus on learning and that foster development of initiative, teamwork, thinking skills, and diversity. Instructional-design theory must involve stakeholders in the design process. References: Reigeluth, C. M. (1999). What is instructional design theory and how is it changing? In C. M. Reigeluth (Ed.), Instructional-design theories and models volume II: A new paradigm of instructional theory. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?

-Word-for-Word plagiarism

-Paraphrasing plagiarism

-This is not plagiarism