I want to paraphrase for this papers.

The purpose of this report introduces a useful tool, which estimates dust emission and dispersion. DUSTRAN is dust emission and transport model developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. According to Shaw (2008), “(DUSTRAN), which calculates atmospheric dust concentrations that result from both natural and human activity.” We show three examples that it was applied to actual situations: dust concentration with observations of wind erosion in southeastern Washington, contaminated dust emission during high winds in southern Iraq, and transport of sea salt aerosols.

          First, a research group (Shaw, et al., 2008) shows both the DUSTRAN algorithm and the comparison of simulated dust concentration with data at the site. The measurements were made in southeastern Washington to monitor site recovering after a fire that occurred in 2001.The DUSTRAN has a dust emissions model for calculating emissions due to both natural and human activity. Moreover, it makes possible to get dust emission for specific particle size such as PM2.5, PM10, and so on. They also explain (Shaw, et al., 2008) the calculation of the atmospheric concentration of particulate matter caused by wind erosion, and it requires soil composition, characteristics of the soil crust vegetation cover, and soil moisture. They concluded that the comparisons had provided availability of the DUSTRAN as to estimate dust emission, however, they also suggested the importance of soil moisture data and the weakness of the DUSTRAN that it tends to overestimate PM10 when dust concentrations are low.

         Second, Zannetti, Daly, & Freedman (2015) applies it to air pollution problems at Qarmat-Ali, Basra, Iraq, during 2003. Before their study, the soil had been contaminated by sodium dichromate. Since people who worked at the site have claimed that their health was threatened by exposure to dust contaminating hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], they tried to build a model of the situation. To estimate the Cr(VI) concentration in the soil, they used the AERMOD model and the DUSTRAN model. The AERMOD model was used to calculate the ambient concentration of PM10/Cr(VI). While the AERMOD is widely used in the scientific field as a certain technique for estimating atmospheric transport of pollutants, including particulate matter and any material attached to particles, the author describes that “the AERMOD model is routinely used without any additional recalibration with local data, ...” (Zannetti, Daly, & Freedman, 2015). As an improvement of this point, they combined the DUSTRAN that determines the wind erosion at the local site with it. To calculate the emission rate of dust due to wind erosion, DUSTRAN gives a threshold value which depends on three parameters extracted from a local data: the soil moisture, the soil composition, and the surface roughness. If the wind velocity is larger than the value of the threshold, it assumes that dust is emitted from a source area. In addition to calculating the amount of the dust emission, DUSTRAN provides estimations of the particle size distribution in the dust. And then, DUSTRAN can estimate the amount of particulate matter contained in the dust emission. They finally concluded that they were able to perform a partial validation of the model which is combined generally used model (AERMOD) and the wind erosion process (DUSTRAN), by comparing the simulation outputs with measurement data at the site.

            Third, Jensen and his research group (Jensen, et al., 2016) proved the ability of DUSTRAN to model the transport of sea salt aerosols (SSA). By comparing their results from the DUSTRAN simulations with meteorological data taken at the near coast Maine Yankee Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) and the Environmental Protection Agency-measured CASTNET data from Acadia National Park (NP). As mentioned above DUSTRAN includes dispersion models, however, it is not specialized to a specific matter. The author tried to apply it and evaluate its potential for the modeling of chloride particulate matter by using one of the general dispersion models: CALPUFF which is suitable for mid-size domains of up to 200 km. The author concluded that “Comparisons of simulated and measured data have provided encouragement as to the potential practical value of DUSTRAN in predicting the dispersion of atmospheric chloride from the SSA” (Jensen, et al., 2016). The author mentioned, more experimental data and multiple data sets for DUSTRAN’s input may improve accuracy of a simulation. In conclusion, we have studied applications of DUSTRAN, a dust dispersion modeling system developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, to actual problems: dust concentration with wind erosion in southeastern Washington, contaminated dust emission in southern Iraq, and transports of salt salt aerosols. Each research applied a general dispersion model included in the DUSTRAN system to simulate own situation, and proved the potential of it to estimate the concentration of dust containing an interesting matter such as hexavalent chloride, PM10, and chloride. To get precise results, however, these researches pointed out the importance of the local data measurements at the site. Because wind velocity and the soil moisture contribute to the emission rate simulation, local measurements at the site should be done carefully not to make lacks of data. Finally, as an application of DUSTRAN to nuclear study fields, it has a possibility to simulate an atmospheric transportation of dust containing a radionuclide after an accidental release from nuclear facilities. In this case, it also needs a local meteorological data, so tireless efforts of measurements are an essential factor for simulation.

References

Jensen, P., Tran, T., Fritz, B., Rutz, F., Ross, S., Gorton, A., . . . Trainor, K. (2016). Preliminary Evaluation of the DUSTRAN Modeling Suite for Modeling Atmospheric Chloride Transport. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health,10(1), 25-31. doi:10.1007/s11869016-0404-5

Shaw, W. J., Allwine, K. J., Fritz, B. G., Rutz, F. C., Rishel, J. P., & Chapman, E. G. (2008). An evaluation of the wind erosion module in DUSTRAN. Atmospheric Environment,42(8), 1907-1921. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.11.022

Zannetti, P., Daly, A. D., & Freedman, F. R. (2015). Dispersion modeling of particulate matter containing hexavalent chromium during high winds in southern Iraq. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 65(2), 171-185. doi:10.1080/10962247.2014.981317

This is the class that needs to be written...

import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
* Deals out a game of 5-card-stud.
*
* @author PUT YOUR NAME HERE
* @version PUT THE DATE HERE
*/
public class FiveCardStud
{
private Deck myDeck;
private ArrayList<Hand> players;

/**
* Constructor for objects of class FiveCardStud
*/
/*
Write a constructor for the FiveCardStud class. The constructor
accepts a single integer parameter for the number of players.
The number of players should be from 2 to 6 inclusive.
Make sure to take care of values outside of this range.
For numbers less than 2, set the number to 2 and print
an appropriate message. For numbers greater than 6
set the number to 6 and print an appropriate message.
For each player add a hand to the list of players.
Print out the name of the game.
Don't forget to initialize the fields.
*/

  
/**
* Deal the cards.
*/
/*
Write a method called "deal".
The method should print out a message to let the user know
that the cards have been dealt.
It should remove any old cards from all players hands
from previous games (Hint: there is a fold method in the Hand class.)
It should then shuffle the deck and add 5 cards to each player's hand.
*/
  
  
/**
* Prints out all player's hands.
*/
/*
Write a method called "showCards".
The method should print out each players hand as shown
in the sample output.
*/
}

These are other classes that are already written and do not need to be changed...

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
* Represents a single player's hand in a card game.
*
* @author Derek Green, Mar. 27, 04
* @revised by Allyson Anderson, Nov.1, 06
*/
public class Hand
{
private ArrayList<Card> hand;// contains this players cards

/**
* Constructor for objects of class Hand
*/
public Hand()
{
hand = new ArrayList<Card>();
}
  
/**
* Add a single card to the player's hand.
*/
public void addCard(Card card)
{
hand.add(card);
}
  
/**
* Clear the player's hand.
*/
public void fold()
{
hand.clear();
}
  
/**
* Show the player's cards.
*/
public void displayHand()
{
Iterator<Card> it = hand.iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{
System.out.println((it.next()).getCard());
}
}
}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

/**
* Represents a deck of 52 playing cards.
*
* @author Derek Green, Mar. 26, 04
* @revised by Allyson Anderson, Nov. 1, 06
*/
public class Deck
{
private final String[] suits = {"Spades ", "Hearts ", "Clubs ", "Diamonds"};
private final String[] faces = {"Ace", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "Jack", "Queen", "King"};

private Card[] card;
private int topCard;
  
/**
* Construct a deck of cards
*/
public Deck()
{
card = new Card[52];
topCard = -1;//deal method will increment topCard
for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
{
card[i] = new Card(suits[i/13], faces[i%13]);// brand new deck with all cards in order
}
}
  
/**
* deal() returns the next card or null if the deck is empty.
*/
public Card deal()
{
topCard++;// set topCard to the next card
if(topCard < 52)
{   
return card[topCard];
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
  
/**
* shuffle() randomly generates a sequence of cards for the card array
*/
public void shuffle()
{
topCard = -1;// reset the top card
int nextNumber;
boolean[] available = new boolean[52];// used to select random #'s between 0 and 51 without replacement

for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
{
available[i] = true;//all #'s between 0 and 51 are available
}
  
for(int i = 0; i < 52; i++)
{
nextNumber = (int)(Math.random()*52);// select a # from 0 to 51
while(!available[nextNumber])//while nextNumber is not available (i.e. this number has already been used)
{
nextNumber = (int)(Math.random()*52);//try a different number until you find an unused one
}
available[nextNumber] = false;// this number is taken
card[i] = new Card(suits[nextNumber/13], faces[nextNumber%13]);
}
}
  
/**
* Print out the entire deck for testing purposes.
*/
public void testDeck()
{
for(int i = 0; i < 13; i++)
{
System.out.println(card[i].getCard() + "\t" + card[i+13].getCard() + "\t" + card[i+26].getCard() + "\t" + card[i+39].getCard());
}
}
  
/**
* Print out a subset of the deck to test the deal method.
*/
public void testDeal(int cardNumber)
{
ArrayList<Card> hand = new ArrayList<Card>();// hold a hand of cards.
int index = 0;
while(index < cardNumber)
{
hand.add(deal());
index++;
}
  
Iterator<Card> it = hand.iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{   
Card thisCard = it.next();
System.out.println(thisCard.getCard());
}
}
}

/**
* Represents a single playing card.
*
* @author Derek Green, Mar. 26, 04
* @revised by Allyson Anderson, Nov. 1, 06
*/
public class Card
{
private String suit;
private String face;

/**
* Constructor for objects of class Card.
*/
public Card(String suit, String face)
{
this.suit = suit;
this.face = face;
}

/**
* Returns the suit of the card
*/
public String getSuit()
{
return suit;
}
  
/**
* Returns the face of the card
*/
public String getFace()
{
return face;
}
  
/**
* Returns the suit and face of the card as a single String
*/
public String getCard()
{
return face + "\t" + suit;
}
}

In an experiment, a student was given 2.0 g of an unknown salt either CoCl₂ or CoS-2H₂O. During the experiment, the student isolated 0.93g of Co. Which salt did he start with? Why?

1. Compare the Franck-Hertz experiment with the photoelectric effect experiment in terms of the following:

a. Experimental setup
b. The physics involved

c. The relationship to quantum mechanics

d. The chemical materials involved

. Design an experiment or a survey and state how reliability of a component of your survey or experiment can be tested. Three aspects of reliability should be addressed: internal consistency stability interrater reliability

statistics

*a*s*d*f*g*AGGREGATE EXPERIMENTS

QUESTION 1: Grain distribution in aggregates; is calculated
a) By which experiment (with procedure and experiment instruments)?
b) How (explain calculations, show on the table)?

In 2021, the Westgate Construction Company entered into a contract to construct a road for Santa Clara County for $10,000,000. The road was completed in 2023. Information related to the contract is as follows:

Westgate recognizes revenue over time according to percentage of completion.

Required:
1. Calculate the amount of revenue and gross profit (loss) to be recognized in each of the three years. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Loss amounts should be indicated with a minus sign.)

Bob Arnold is a well-known real estate developer in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He wants to remodel a building and convinces George Mitchell, a local businessperson, to contribute the capital to form a partnership. On January 1, 2020, Mitchell invests a building worth $162,000 and equipment valued at $32,000 as well as $25,000 in cash. Although Arnold makes no tangible contribution to the partnership, he will operate the business and be an equal partner in the beginning capital balances.

Required:

(A). Prepare the January 1, 2020 journal entry to record the formation of the partnership assuming the bonus method is used.

(B). Prepare the January 1, 2020 journal entry to record the formation of the partnership assuming the goodwill method is used.

Required information
  
In 2018, the Westgate Construction Company entered into a contract to construct a road for Santa Clara County for $10,000,000. The road was completed in 2020. Information related to the contract is as follows:

Westgate recognizes revenue over time according to percentage of completion.

3. Complete the information required below to prepare a partial balance sheet for 2018 and 2019 showing any items related to the contract. (Do not round intermediate calculations.)