It is a proof-based question. Consider a woman-proposing version of the Deferred Acceptance algorithm. Prove that the woman-proposing version of the Deferred Acceptance algorithm is strategy proof for women. Hint: Repeat the same steps we made in class to prove that a man-proposing DA is strategy-proof for men.

Bone marrow or cancer cells are constantly dividing, i.e., they are in constant need of fatty acids for synthesizing membranes of the progenitor cells. How do these make sure that: (a) there is sufficient acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm for fatty acids synthesis, (b) there is sufficient NADPH in the cytoplasm and (c) fatty acids are not degraded via β-oxidation?

Many foods we consume are enriched with iron and calcium as well as Omega 3 fatty acids. Alpha-linolenic (omega-3) and linoleic acid (omega-6) are essential fatty acids. Good sources of omega-3 fatty acids are walnuts, canola oil, flaxseed oil, or fish oil. Omega-6 fatty acids are much easier to find as they are in many foods. Based on your reading in this chapter how important do you think enriched cereals or other products are to a healthy diet?

This is a descriptions of a mutation designed to give an individual super powers/abilities. Answer all parts of the question in essay style. Use biochemistry concepts and connections for answers. Don't contain irrelevant information in the answer.

Since Avengers have returned life back to near normal, in the future, Shuri is designing genetic mutations that will make non-enhanced avengers faster and stronger, mainly important for Sam Wilson. She created a strain of genetically engineered mice that mimic human metabolism exactly. They have all the intermediates, pathways, and enzymes found in humans. The first step for her lab is to test the mutations out on these mice to see if they have any unintended consequences. All mutations are being designed to give enhanced ATP production, during periods of activity, & muscle synthesis during periods of rest.

One proposed mutation is in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1. The mutation would would prevent malonyl CoA from interacting with this protein in liver cells. One unexpected side effect is that mice with the CPT1 mutation have developed oddly high levels of ketone bodies after long periods of rest. This occurs, unless they have also been fed a diet high in carbohydrates during this rest period. It is also determined that carnitine supplementation leads to even more ATP synthesis, even though the supplementation doesnt't help reduce ketone body formation during periods of rest and actually makes it worse.

Answer these questions thoroughly:

1. Why do the mutated mice develop oddly high levels of ketone bodies after extensive periods of rest? How does a diet high in carbohydrate help lower the ketone bodie concentration?  In your answer explain how the mutation changes the enzyme's activity.

2. Explain the negative affects of carnitine supplementation (for example, increase in ketone body synthesis).

3. Can this mutation give an increased ability to synthesize nonessential amino acids while being at rest? Explain

Describe the steps involved in DNA replication including the function of a replication fork and the enzyme and enzyme function.  

What is the enzyme that is responsible for synthesizing proteins by “reading” mRNA?

a. Where on the RNA does this enzyme start?

Which enzyme/s are used in recombinant DNA technology?

ligase

polymerase

helicase

restriction enzyme

Write with structural formulas and cofactors a reaction of which the product is pyruvic acid, but what is not a part of the glycolysis.

Discuss the following: The hormonal regulation of blood glucose and the effect it has on glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and glycogen metabolism.

Briefly describe one microbial fermentation. What does fermentation recycle to keep glycolysis functioning?