Census data was collected on the 50 states and Washington, D.C. We are interested in determining whether average lifespan (LIFE) is related to the ratio of males to females in percent (MALE), birth rate per 1,000 people (BIRTH), divorce rate per 1,000 people (DIVO), number of hospital beds per 100,000 people (BEDS), percentage of population 25 years or older having completed 16 years of school (EDUC) and per capita income (INCO).

(a) Fit the MLR model with LIFE (y) as the response variable, and MALE (x1), BIRTH (x2), DIVO (x3), BEDS (x4), EDUC (x5), and INCO (x6), as predictors.
(b) At level α =5%, conduct the F-test for the overall fit of the regression. Comment on the results.

Concerning (b), what is the H0 and H1 for the F-test in THIS case?(please use the above case to explain). What command in R can we use to find the value that 0.05 has to compare with?What can we conclude if that value < 0.05? (I didn't provide the data as I only want to know how to do it instead of the exact answer, you can just assume that is a variable A here)

) Kragh states that quantum theory “owes is origin” to the problem of blackbody radiation. What was this problem? What were some other problems plaguing classical physics at the end of the 19^th Century?

(b) Briefly explain the history of attempts to solve the blackbody problem: Wien’s 1894 proof, Wien’s 1896 law, Planck’s 1899 derivation of Wien’s law, and Planck’s own radiation law (along with the “quantum hypothesis” made in Dec. of 1900).

(c) How well these laws fit the empirical data was of course part of the evaluation of their “truthiness”. But other (dare we say philosophical?) motivations drove Planck’s work in particular. Explain the non-empirical considerations that guided Planck’s thinking about blackbodies, eventually leading to the birth of QM.

Question 1A A CEO of a multihospital system is planning to expand operations into various states. It will take several years to get certificate of need (CON) approvals so that the new facilities can be constructed. The eventual cost (in millions of dollars) of building a facility will differ among states, depending upon finances, labor, and the economic and political climate. An outside consulting firm estimated the costs for the new facilities as based on declining, similar, or improving economies, and the associated probabilities as shown in the Table below. Decision alternatives Declining Same Improving Kentucky 22.00 19.00 15.00 Maryland 19.00 18.50 18.00 North carolina 19.50 17.00 15.50 Tennesee 23.00 17.00 14.00 Virginia 25.00 21.00 13.00 (a) Which alternative should the firm choose under the maximax criterion? (1 mark) (b) Which option should the firm choose under the maximin criterion? (1 mark) (c) Which option should the firm choose under the LaPlace criterion? (d) Which option should the firm choose with the Hurwicz criterion with α = 0.4? (e) Using a minimax regret approach, what alternative should the firm choose? (f) Economists have assigned probabilities of 0.25, 0.40, and 0.35 to the possible economic climate of declining, same and improving respectively. Using expected monetary values, what option should be chosen and what is that optimal expected value? (g) What is the most that the firm should be willing to pay for additional information? Use Expected Regret (h) Use the alternative method to verify EVPI Question 1B Assume now that the pay offs are profits answer the following: (a) Using an optimistic approach (maximax), which option would you choose? 1 mark (b) Using a pessimistic approach (maximin), which option would you choose?1 mark (c) If you are a LaPlace decision maker, which option would you choose? 2 marks (d) If you are a Hurwicz decision maker, which option would you choose with α = 0.4?1 mark (e) Using a minimax regret approach, which option would you choose? 4 marks (f) Using the same probabilities of 0.25, 0.4, and 0.35 for possible economic climates respectively, which decision alternative will maximise the expected profit? What is the expected annual profit associated with that recommendation? 4 marks g) What is the most the firm should be willing to pay to obtain further (perfect) information (EVPI)? 3 marks h) Use the alternative method to verify EVPI (3 marks

A bottle of soft drink states that it contains 500 ml. A consumer group is angry and claims that the bottles are actually under-filled. The group takes a random sample of 40 bottles and finds a mean of 492 ml, with a sample standard deviation of 10 ml. Is their claim valid using the 0.01 level of significance? Use the five-step procedure to answer the question and include the p-value.

Kirchhoff’s voltage law states that the sum of the voltage drops across a resistor, R, an inductor, L, and a capacitor, C, in an electrical circuit must be the same as the voltage source, E(t), applied to that RLC circuit. Applying the additional fact that the current, I, is related to the charge, q, by the relationship I=dq/dt, the resulting ODE model for the charge in a circuit is: L (d^2 q)/(dt^2 )+R dq/dt+1/C q=E(t). If a 100 sin⁡(60t)source is connected to an RLC circuit with a 1/20 henry inductor, L, a 1 ohm resistor, R , and a 1/130 farad capacitor, C, find the charge q(t) given that q(0)=0 and I(0)=q'(0)=0.

A small business owner visits her bank to ask for a loan. The owner states that she can repay a loan at $2,300 per month for the next three years and then $4,600 per month for two years after that. If the bank is charging customers 8.25 percent APR, how much would it be willing to lend the business owner?

The Federal Reserve is redefining central banking. By lending widely to businesses, states and cities in its effort to insulate the U.S. economy from the coronavirus pandemic, it is breaking century-old taboos about who gets money from the central bank in a crisis, on what terms, and what risks it will take about getting that money back. And with large-scale purchases of U.S. Treasury securities, the Federal Reserve is stretching the boundaries for what a central bank will do to finance soaring federal debt—actions that move it deeper into political decisions it usually tries to avoid. Economists project the central bank’s portfolio of bonds, loans and new programs will swell to between $8 trillion and $11 trillion from less than $4 trillion last year. In that range, the portfolio would be twice the size reached after the 2007-09 financial crisis and nearly half the value of U.S. annual economic output.

1. What is the current size of the Federal Reserve balance sheet in absolute terms and as a % of GDP? (Hint: You may want to check out federalreservemonetarypolicy. To find the value of the balance sheet as a % GDP, you have to use the current yearly nominal GDP.)
2. How does the current size of the Federal Reserve balance sheet as a % of nominal GDP compare to the Great Depression (1929-1939) and World War II (1939- 1945)? (Hint: You may want to google historical view of the Fed’s balance sheet for this question.)
3. What steps is the Fed taking to support state and local governments?
4. Why is the Fed's balance sheet expanding at this pace?

Five states were randomly selected and their members in the State or Federal parliament are noted below. APC: 33, 10, 14, 12, 10; PDP: 19, 15, 10, 20, 20. At α=0.10, can it be concluded that there is a dependent relationship between the state and the political party affiliation of their representatives? Choose ALL the relevant options

1. the following is a payoff table giving profits for various situations. states of nature ... Question: 1. The following is a payoff table giving profits for various situations. &nb... 1. The following is a payoff table giving profits for various situations. States of Nature Alternatives A B C Alt-ve 1 100 120 180 Alt-ve 2 120 140 120 Alt-ve 3 200 100 50 Do Nothing 0 0 0 1. If a person were to use the expected monetary value criterion (EMV), what decision would be made? A) Alternative 1 B) Alternative 2 C) Alternative 3 D) Do Nothing 2. If a person selected Alternative 3, what would the expected profit be? A) 130 B) 120 C) 126 D) 0 3. What is the expected value of perfect information? A) 166 B) 36 C) 130 D) 120 4. What is the minimum expected opportunity loss (EOL)? A) 36 B) 46 C) 40 D) 166 5. A market research survey is available for $10,000. Using a decision tree analysis, it is found that the expected monetary value with no survey is $62,000. If the expected monetary value with the survey is $45,000, what is the expected value of sample information (EVSI)? A) $7,000 B) $62,000 C) -$7,000 D) $55,000 6. Draw a complete decision tree (show all the alternatives, state of nature, probabilities and pay off for each possible combination) and show the best alternative (what is your recommendation). 5 points

The patient is concerned he has not had a bowel movement for four days and states, “my belly is getting bigger” and uncomfortable.

1. What additional symptoms should the nurse ask about?
2. Identify five relevant health history questions the nurse should ask the patient about? (5marks)
3. Describe 2 of the 4 steps of the assessment; (inspection, auscultation, percussion and palpation) Give 5 characteristics of each for this client.