6.  The Civil Rights Act addresses discrimination in the workplace.

a) What classes of workers does the Federal Act protect?

b) Some states have added additional protected classes of workers. Identify additional protected classes in New Jersey.

Consider a discrete fully observable world with S states. How many distinct simple reflex agents, each with A actions, can be written for such a world? Two agents are distinct if there exists some world state where they take different actions.

A dye molecule has electrons that are free to travel up and down a chain of atoms, giving electron energy states that are given by the particle-in-a-box model, with En=(0.34eV)n2. What are the three longest wavelengths of visible light that the molecule will absorb?

A cancer researcher wonders if there is a relationship between rates of death from skin cancer and latitude of residence. She collects data from each of the contiguous U.S. states: the state’s approximate latitude (measured at the center of the state) and the number of deaths from skin cancer out of every 1 million people in the state. Here is a summary of her findings: Latitude: AVG = 39.5 degrees, SD = 4.6 degrees Deaths per million: AVG = 15.3 people, SD = 3.3 people r = -0.82 A scatterplot of the two variables was football shaped.

(a) Predict the number of deaths per million people in each of the following states. Oregon (latitude = 44 degrees): predicted deaths = _____________ per million Florida (latitude = 28 degrees): predicted deaths = _____________ per million Utah (latitude = 39.5 degrees): predicted deaths = _____________ per million

(b) Each of the above predictions is subject to error. The typical size of these errors is about _____________ per million.

(c) Suppose one of the states is at the 80th percentile of both latitude and number of cancer deaths. Relative to what would be predicted by regression, this state’s number of cancer deaths is (circle one) lower than predicted about what is predicted higher than predicted Explain your reasoning. You might want to draw a picture.

(d) Fill in the blank: To make a conclusion based on this study about an individual’s risk of skin cancer based on their latitude would be an example of the _________________ fallacy.

Five years ago, a series of food poisonings in the western part of the country raised serious concern about contamination of the food supply. One state health department reported that there were 1,250 incidents in the state during that year attributable to contaminated food, including incidents related to the purchase of food at markets and restaurants. Although the cause of the problem was traced to food processing plants in several states, the Public had been extremely concerned about further outbreaks. The state enacted a statute, entitled “Food Protection Program,” requiring its Agriculture Department (AgDep) to: “protect the state’s food supply by (a) conducting inspections of food growers, processors, wholesale and retail distributors, and restaurants and (b) taking such other actions (including fines, penalties and prosecution) as deemed necessary.” Four other states enacted similar laws. The laws called for the officials of all five states to cooperate with each other. The state’s law also required its State Auditor to make a performance audit after five years to see if AgDep was “operating effectively and efficiently.” The five years have gone by and the State Auditor assigns you to plan an audit.

Required:
a. Describe a system of internal controls that the auditor might expect to see in place so as to accomplish the intent of the law. The control system should include an appropriate monitoring and reporting system.

b. Develop a performance audit program responsive to the requirement imposed by the law on the State Auditor.

A hydrostatic system consists of 0.1 moles of an ideal gas whose specific heat capacity at constant volume, ??, is equal to 3?2 where R is the gas constant equal to 8.31 J mol–1 K–1. Its initial pressure and volume are 32 Pa and 8 m3. In its final state, the pressure is just 1 Pa and its volume increases eightfold. The particular thermodynamic process can be represented on an indicator diagram as a straight line joining the initial and final states.
(a) Determine a relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas that represents the thermodynamic process.

(b) Establish a relationship between the temperature and the volume of the gas valid for the thermodynamic process.

(c) Determine the volume of the gas when the temperature is a maximum.

(d) Determine the temperature of the gas at the initial and final states, and the maximum temperature attained by the gas in the process.

(e) Imagine that the gas, while following the thermodynamic process outlined above, is at some arbitrary state such that its volume is V. This state is somewhere between the initial and final states. Determine the heat exchange that occurs while the gas is traversing (along the process) from the initial to the arbitrary state. Your expression should be a function of V only.

(f) With reference to part (e), determine that volume which corresponds to maximum heat exchange. Hence determine the corresponding temperature.

Tasty Snacks, Inc., a regional snack foods company (corn chips, potato chips, etc.) in the northeast, is considering two alternative proposals for expansion into southeastern states. Alternative 1: Construct a single plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee with a monthly production capacity of 250,000 cases, a monthly fixed cost of $265,000, and a variable cost of $45 per case. Alternative 2: Construct three plants, one each in Birmingham, Alabama, Tallahassee, Florida, and Charlotte, North Carolina, with capacities of 100,000, 80,000 and 70,000, respectively, and monthly fixed costs of $180,000, $150,000, and $135,000 each. Variable costs would be only $44 per case because of lower distribution costs. To achieve these cost savings, sales from each smaller plant would be limited to demand within its home state. The total estimated monthly sales volume of 175,000 cases in these three southeastern states is distributed as follows: 70,000 cases in Florida, 60,000 cases in North Carolina, and 45,000 cases in Alabama.

A.   Assuming a wholesale price of $50 per case, calculate the breakeven output quantities for each alternative.
  
B.   At a wholesale price of $50 per case in all states, and assuming sales at the projected levels, which alternative expansion scheme provides Tasty Snacks with the highest profit per month?
  
C.   If sales increase to production capacities, which alternative would prove to be more profitable?

1. Briefly explain the difference between the United Nations 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

2. Briefly explain why China is still categorized as a “Global South” country today despite its economic and military strength.

3. What are the three countries that eventually became part of the Global North group in the late 1990's - mid 2000's.