1. “Hassen Constructions SAOG”, the company is situated in Al Khuwair. The organization is specialised in the manufacturing of building materials that are used in construction sites.

Currently the company’s capital structure (total capital) is ungeared. However, the owners of Hassen constructions is planning to change their capital structure into a leverage (geared) capital structure as they believe having a debt component in its capital structure will be beneficial to the organization.

The company total capital is RO 300 million which is an equity-based capital structure. The company has two share buyback options available to move into a leverage(geared) capital structure.

Option 1

The company has an option in converting 30% of its equity capital to debt capital at an interest rate of 7%.

Option 2

The company has an option of converting 50% of its equity capital to debt capital at an interest rate of 7.5%

To evaluate the impact on the alternative policies the financial accountant of the company has presented the following data to evaluate the impact on ROE in the current capital structure and the above two given options.

The financial accountant believes that based on the sales forecast the sales could be either weak, average or strong. The probability for the market to be weak is 0.3, average 0.5 and strong 0.2.

The profits before interest and tax (PBIT) , if the market is considered to be weak is RO 30 million, if the market is average the PBIT is 50% greater than the market is weak and if the market is considered to be strong it is 75% greater than if the market is average.

The current applicable tax rate is 25%

Required:

1. Calculate expected annual return on equity (ROE) under each option (the current, option I and option II)
2. Calculate expected average annual return on equity (ROE) considering all options together.
3. Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of Hassen constructions in to changing their capital structure from and equity based to leverage. And, advise which of the three options (current or option I or option II) that Hassan Construction SAOG should go for under a normal situation? And substantiate your advice with suitable reasons.

Evaluate the factors that Hassen construction should consider when evaluating its capital structure policy.

Write a Python program for the following:

A given author will use roughly use the same proportion of, say, four-letter words in something she writes this year as she did in whatever she wrote last year. The same holds true for words of any length. BUT, the proportion of four-letter words that Author A consistently uses will very likely be different than the proportion of four-letter words that Author B uses. Theoretically, then, authorship controversies can sometimes be resolved by computing the proportion of 1-letter, 2-letter, 3-letter, ..., 13-letter words in the writing and then comparing it with the same statistics from known authors.

Your task is to write a Python program that computes the above statistics from any text file. Note that apostrophes do not count in the word length. For example, "he's" is a three-letter word. Words like hard-hearted should be replaced with two words with a space between them (hard hearted).

Name of input file: romeo_and_juliet.txt

Proportion of 1- letter words: 4.8% (1231 words)

Proportion of 2- letter words: 16.1% (4177 words)

Proportion of 3- letter words: 20.3% (5261 words)

Proportion of 4- letter words: 24.3% (6295 words)

Proportion of 5- letter words: 15.0% (3889 words)

Proportion of 6- letter words: 7.9% (2048 words)

Proportion of 7- letter words: 5.2% (1352 words)

Proportion of 8- letter words: 3.7% (953 words)

Proportion of 9- letter words: 1.5% (378 words)

Proportion of 10- letter words: 0.7% (190 words)

Proportion of 11- letter words: 0.3% (71 words)

Proportion of 12- letter words: 0.1% (20 words)

Proportion of 13- (or more) letter words: 0.0% (12 words)

Here the program is tested on the full text of Romeo and Juliet but it should work for any file. The sample run above shows the actual proportion and count of different sized words in the file. Hint: make sure to replace each character in ",.!?;:][-\"" in the text with a space before doing any splitting.

You are the manager of Compounders Ltd. The company mixes compound for smaller plastic extrusion companies. Compounders Ltd has six (6) mixing machines with a maximum capacity (100%) of 250 ton per month. However, due to power cuts, the machines are currently being operated at 75% of installed capacity.

One (1) ton of a compound mixture consists of two (2) raw materials: 0.7 ton of Electrolyte and 0.3 ton of Copper Wire. Assume no wastage. There are no opening and closing inventories. All raw materials purchased are being used in the month of purchase, and all compound mixed are being sold in the month mixed.

Each mixing machine requires two (2) operators. The company is operating a nine (9) hour shift and each machine operator earns R75 per hour. No weekend time nor overtime is allowed.

The company is a price setter and the pricing policy is based on a mark-up of the total production cost at 50%.

The company incurred the following costs for the month:

1. Import (purchase) raw material for one month’s production. Material Electrolyte @ R60 per ton and Copper Wire @ R95 per ton.

2. The import costs amount to R1,000 per 250 ton of Material Electrolyte and R1,500 per R120 ton of Copper Wire.

3. Paid the wages based on a twenty (20) working days.

4. The factory foreman earns a salary of R15,000 per month.

5. The cost of security is as follows: Guard at the entrance of the factory R3,500 per month and the guard at the entrance to the admin offices R3,750 per month.

6. The monthly rental amounts to R25,000. Rent is allocated based on floor space occupied. The factory occupies 9,100 ??2 and the office block 3,900 ??2.

7. Office expenses amounts to R64,000 per month.

8. Compound delivery cost amount to R1,200 per 125 ton of compound delivered.

1.3 Calculate the contribution per ton produced. (2)

1.4 Calculate the break-even tons to be mixed (2)

3. McHuffter Condominiums, Inc., of Pensacola, Florida, recently purchased land near the Gulf of Mexico and is attempting to determine the size of the condominium development it should build. Three sizes of develop-ment are being considered; Small, d₁; Medium, d₂; and large, d₃. At the same time, an uncertain economy makes it difficult to ascertain the   demand for the new condominiums. McHuffter's management realizes that a large development followed by a low demand could be very costly to the company. However, if McHuffter makes a conservative small-development decision and then finds a high demand, the firm's profits will be lower than they might have been. With the three levels of demand-low, medium and high. McHuffter's management has prepared the following profit ($000). (20 pts.)

         payoff table

          -------------------------------------------

                                   Demand

            Decision    ----------------------------

         Alternatives       Low    Medium    High

         -------------------------------------------

           Small, d₁         400      400      400

           Medium, d₂        100      600      600

           Large, d₃        -300      300      900

        --------------------------------------------

a) If nothing is known about the demand probabilities, what are the      recommended decision using the Maximax(optimistic), Maximin (pessi-    mistic), and Minimax regret approaches?

b) If P(low) = 0.20, P(medium) = 0.35, and P(high) = 0.45, What is the   recommended decision using the expected value approach?

c) What is the expected value of perfect information (EVPI)? You have         to use regret table to get EVPI.

Suppose that before making a final decision, McHuffter is considering

conducting a survey to help evaluate the demand for the new condominium

development. The survey report is anticipated to indicate one of two

levels of demand: weak(W) or strong(S). The relevant probabilities are as

follows: (25 pts)

    P(W)= 0.3 P(low/W)   = 0.50      P(low/S)   = 0.10

    P(S)= 0.7 P(medium/W)= 0.40      P(medium/S)= 0.25

               P(high/W) = 0.10      P(high/S) = 0.65

BDSC 340.001-3

   d) Construct a decision tree for this problem and analyze it.  

   e) What is McHuffter’s optimal decision?

   f) What is the expected value of the survey(sample) information?

Python programming Summary

Store the times into arrays called Chevy[ ] and Ford[ ]. Then list the winner of each pair, giving the number of seconds the winner won by. At the end declare which team won based on which team had the most wins.

Lab Steps

There are eight cars in each team called Chevy and Ford. One car from each team races its opponent on the drag strip. Read in the racing times for the eight Chevy cars and then read in the times for the eight Ford cars.

Sample Match:

Specifications:

• Accept the racing times for each of the Chevy cars into the array Chevy[ ].
• Accept the racing times for each of the Ford cars into the array Ford[ ].
• Then declare the wining car for each race, giving the winning time in seconds.
• If the times are identical, then declare the race was a tie.
• Finally, declare which team won the match, assuming a tie is possible.

Flexible Budgeting and Variance Analysis

I Love My Chocolate Company makes dark chocolate and light chocolate. Both products require cocoa and sugar. The following planning information has been made available:

I Love My Chocolate Company does not expect there to be any beginning or ending inventories of cocoa or sugar. At the end of the budget year, I Love My Chocolate Company had the following actual results:

Required:

1. Prepare the following variance analyses for both chocolates and the total, based on the actual results and production levels at the end of the budget year:

     a. Direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total variance.

     b. Direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total variance.

Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

Suppose you currently have a portfolio of three stocks, A, B, and C. You own 500 shares of A, 300 of B, and 1000 of C. The current share prices are $42.76, $81.33, and $58.22, respectively. You plan to hold this portfolio for at least a year. During the coming year, economists have predicted that the national economy will be awful, stable, or great with probabilities 0.2, 0.5, and 0.3, respectively. Given the state of the economy, the returns (one-year percentage changes) of the three stocks are independent and normally distributed. However, the means and standard deviations of these returns depend on the state of the economy, as indicated in the table below.

a. Use @RISK to simulate the value of the portfolio and the portfolio return in the next year.

Round your portfolio value answer to a whole number, and, if necessary, round your portfolio return answer to three decimal digits.

How likely is it that you will have a negative return? How likely is it that you will have a return of at least 25%? If necessary, round your answers to three decimal digits.

b. Suppose you had a crystal ball where you could predict the state of the economy with certainty. The stock returns would still be uncertain, but you would know whether your means and standard deviations come from row 6, 7, or 8 of the file P16_20.xlsx. If you learn, with certainty, that the economy is going to be great in the next year, run the appropriate simulation to answer the same questions as in part a.

Repeat this if you learn that the economy is going to be awful.

FOR1. Open file Nuclear Power. Select data for Canada. Address the following questions.

a. Provide a plot of the data over time in the space below. (2 pts)

[plot here]

b. Choose an appropriate forecasting model and forecast for the next 3 periods (provide forecast in the table below). Explain model selection approach. (8 pts)

c. Using the same data, forecast the next 3 periods in the time series using the 5-period moving average and indicate the values below. (3 pts)

d. Using the same data, forecast for the next 3 periods in the time series using the single exponential smoothing technique with a smoothing constant of 0.3 and indicate the values below. (3 pts)

e. Compare results from models b, c and d. Which forecast model do you recommend to use for the next 3 periods? Justify your recommendation (6 pts)

DATA:

26. Suppose that the money multiplier is 4.3 and that for every $53 billion change in the money supply, interest rates will change by 1.2%. Also, for every 1% change in interest rates, investment will change by $33 billion. And, for every $2.5 billion change in investment, income will change by $7. If the Fed buys $35 billion of bonds, what will be the expected change in the level of investment (rounded off to billions of dollars)?

a. $552 billion. b. $315 billion. c. $112 billion. d. -$150 billion. e. -$228 billion.

27. Suppose that the money multiplier is 4.3 and that for every $53 billion change in the money supply, interest rates will change by 1.2%. Also, for every 1% change in interest rates, investment will change by $33 billion. And, for every $2.5 billion change in investment, income will change by $7. If the Fed sells $35 billion of bonds, what will be the expected change in level of the money supply (rounded off to billions of dollars)?

a. $552 billion. b. $315 billion. c. $112 billion. d. -$150 billion. e. -$228 billion.

28. Suppose that the money multiplier is 4.3 and that for every $53 billion change in the money supply, interest rates will change by 1.2%. Also, for every 1% change in interest rates, investment will change by $33 billion. And, for every $2.5 billion change in investment, income will change by $7. If the Fed sells $35 billion of bonds, what will be the expected change in interest rates (rounded off to one decimal place)?

a. +4.3% b. +2.7% c. +0.3% d. -3.4% e. -6.6%

29. Suppose that the money multiplier is 4.3 and that for every $53 billion change in the money supply, interest rates will change by 1.2%. Also, for every 1% change in interest rates, investment will change by $33 billion. And, for every $2.5 billion change in investment, income will change by $7. If the Fed buys $35 billion of bonds, what will be the expected change in income (rounded off to billions of dollars)?

a. $552 billion. b. $315 billion. c. $112 billion. d. -$150 billion. e. -$228 billion.

**Only answer G-J, I already did A-F**

2. Measuring the height of a California redwood tree is very difficult because these trees grow to heights over 300 feet. People familiar with these threes understand that the height of a California redwood tree is related to other characteristics of the tree, including the diameter of the tree at the breast height of a person (in inches), the thickness of the bark of the tree (in inches), the distance from the closest neighboring tree (in yards), and the number of the other trees neighboring within 10 yards from the tree. Using the data set (Redwood.xlsx), conduct a regression analysis by answering the following questions.

(g) Determine the coefficient of determination, ? 2 , and interpret its meaning (f) At the level ? = 0.10, is there a significant relationship between the thickness and the pressure? Answer based on the t test in the p-value approach

(h) Determine the adjusted coefficient of determination, adjusted ? 2 , and interpret its meaning

(i) Evaluate the linearity assumption using the residual plot about the independent variable for diameter

(j) Evaluate the normality assumption using the normal probability plot