Pls discuss both parts for Upvote

a) We all talk about media effects, how what we read, see, listen to has an impact on our lives, whether it's as simple as getting a weather alert and making decisions about how we're going to dress that day to having news stories shape our opinions about politics. Media may also affect how we perceive the world and our attitude about violence, sex, drugs and stereotypes, to name a few.

What kind of impact do you believe media has on you and others and our attitudes about those things?  Do you think the media is directly responsible for those attitudes people have? What about for people's actual actions (such as school shootings)?

b) Whether you're reading a newspaper or posting something on Instagram or watching something on Netflix, how much time do you spend with media? Is it surprising? Are you even doing it in your sleep?

Mary Martin, a female, tenured teacher in a rural conservative district, was stopped by the local police and charged with driving under the influence. She explained to the police that she had just left a Christmas party given by her principal and that she had consumed only a few glasses of wine. She was also aware that some of her male colleagues had been stopped in the past but not charged. Nevertheless, she was still charged. As her arrest becomes public, there is pressure from the school board for her to resign.

Discussion Questions

1. Can the board force Martin to resign? Why or why not?
2. Is the infraction serious enough to warrant dismissal? Why or why not?
3. What about male colleagues who were not charged for similar offenses?
4. What rights does Martin have as a teacher in this situation?
5. What factors would the court consider in ruling on her case?
6. What conclusion do you think the court would reach in this situation? Provide a rationale for your response

For each of the following experiments or investigations indicate whether a fixed-effects or random-effects model is appropriate.

1. Random samples of White and Black employed mothers were queried concerning the number and nature of the physical symptoms that would lead them not to send a child to school.

2. Twenty male Wistar rats were subjected to 22 hours of food deprivation. Tetrahydrocannabinol was injected intraperitoneally at five randomly selected times following the deprivation period. Activity level was recorded following each injection.

3. The effects of completing one, two, three, or four courses in the social sciences on liberalizing political attitudes was investigated using a random sample of 200 college students.

4. The amounts of social interaction initiated by 4- to 6-year-old children classified as severely, moderately, mildly, or non-handicapped were investigate

5. Eight randomly selected doses of testosterone propionate were administered to 80 immature male domestic ducks of the Rouen breed. The dependent exhibited following administration for the drug.

Spruce Street Shelter Sam Donaldson, the laundry supervisor of the Spruce Street Shelter, stared at the memo that had just reached his desk: The shelter has adopted a responsibility accounting system. From now on you will receive quarterly re- ports comparing the costs of operating your department with budgeted costs. The reports will highlight the differences (variances) so that you can zero in on the departure from budgeted costs. (This is called management by exception.) Responsibility accounting means you are accountable for keeping the costs in your department within the budget. The variances from the budget will help you identify which costs are out of line, and the sizes of the variances will indicate the most important ones. Your first such report ac- companies this announcement. [Exhibit 1] As this report indicates, your costs are significantly above budget for the quarter. You need to pay par- ticular attention to labor, supplies, and maintenance. Please get back to me by the end of this week with a plan for making the needed reductions. Mr. Donaldson knew he needed a plan, yet midwinter was the busiest time of the year at the shelter, and the laundry was piling up faster than his staff could wash it. BACKGROUND Spruce Street Shelter was located in the heart of a large metropolitan area in the north-central United States. Founded in the late 1800s, it had been serving the homeless ever since, providing hot meals, shelter, and companionship. Situated on a busy urban thoroughfare, it was a haven of last re- sort for many of the city's indigent, and “home” for many others. As might be expected, the de- mand for its services was especially high in the winter, when temperatures frequently dropped to below freezing, and life “on the street” became unbearable. The shelter provided three services. Its most significant activity was the Hot-Meal Program, where it served hundreds of meals a day. A meal of hot soup and a sandwich was available to any- one who arrived between the hours of noon and 2pm and 5pm to 7pm. Its second program was its Overnight Hostel, where it had 150 beds that were available on a first-come, first-served basis. The linen was changed daily, and fresh towels were always available, so that the shelter’s clients could look forward to “clean sheets and a hot shower.” Finally, it had a counseling program, in which a staff of three full-time social workers assisted clients to cope with the difficulties that had brought them to the shelter, and in establishing themselves in a more self-sufficient lifestyle. SYSTEM CHANGES In March, the shelter had hired a new administrator to improve its business activities. A busi- ness school graduate with prior experience in manufacturing and service companies in the private sector, one of his first steps had been to introduce what he called “responsibility accounting.” He had instituted a new budgeting system, along with the provision of quarterly cost reports to the shelter’s department heads. (Previously, cost data had been presented to department heads only in- frequently.) The annual budget for the current fiscal year had been constructed by the new administrator, based on an analysis of the prior three years’ costs. The analysis showed that all costs increased each year, with more rapid increases between the second and third year. He considered establishing the budget at an average of the prior three years' costs hoping that the installation of the system would reduce costs to this level. However, in view of the rapidly increasing prices, he finally chose HBSP Product Number TCG267 THE CRIMSON PRESS CURRICULUM CENTER THE CRIMSON GROUP, INC. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ This case was prepared by Professor David W. Young. It is intended as a basis for class discussion and not to illus- trate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright © 2014 by The Crimson Group, Inc. To order copies or request permission to reproduce this document, contact Harvard Business Publications (http://hbsp.harvard.edu/). Under provisions of United States and interna- tional copyright laws, no part of this document may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from The Crimson Group (www.thecrimsongroup.org) For the exclusive use of S. Nguyen, 2018. This document is authorized for use only by Sydney Nguyen in Costs/Budgets - 2018 Fall taught by YONG GYO LEE, University of Houston from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. the prior fiscal year’s costs less 3 percent for the current year’s budget. He decided to measure ac- tivity by client nights, and to set the budget for pounds of laundry processed at last year’s level, which was approximately equal to the volume of each of the past three years. Quarterly budgets were computed as one-fourth of the annual budget. Mr. Donaldson had re- ceived the report shown in Exhibit 1 in mid-January. He reflected on its content: A lot of my costs don’t change, even if the number of pounds of laundry changes. I suppose laundry la- bor, supplies, water-related items, and maintenance vary with changes in pounds, but that’s about all. Nevertheless, shouldn’t my budget reflect those changes? Also, I hadn’t planned for the fact that I was given a salary increase as of October 1—was I supposed to refuse it to help keep my budget in balance? Finally, I think it’s important to note that I had to pay overtime to the staff because the department became inundated with laundry during the cold snap we had back in mid-December. Because of this, my average hourly rate for the whole three months was $10.20 instead of the $9.00 that was in my budget. In fact, and maybe this is a little picky, the average number of minutes it took my staff to wash a pound of laundry actually dropped from .48, which was my budget target, to .47 for the quarter. Somehow, even though it’s pretty small, I think that should be taken into consideration.

Assignment

1. What is your assessment of the method the administrator used to construct the budget?

2. Prepare a flexible budget for the laundry department. What does it tell you?

3. Compute the appropriate labor variances. What do they tell you?

4. What should Mr. Donaldson tell the administrator about his budget variances?

SPRUCE STREET SHELTER E

xhibit 1. Performance Report -- Laundry Department

October - December (Over) % (Over) Under Under Budget Actual Budget Budget Client nights 9,500 11,900 (2,400) (25) Pounds of laundry processed 125,000 156,600 (31,600) (25) Costs Laundry labor $9,000 $12,512 $(3,512) (39) Supplies 1,125 1,875 (750) (67) Water and water heating and softening 1,750 2,500 (750) (43) Maintenance 1,375 2,200 (825) (60) Supervisor's salary 3,125 3,750 (625) (20) Allocated administrative costs 4,000 5,000 (1,000) (25) Equipment depreciation 1,250 1,250 - 0 --------- --------- -------- ------- Total $21,625 $29,087 $(7,462) (35)

1. List five important artifacts that are delivered during all or most of the software development project.

2. Which of the following is an example for Operational Work?

Extending a subway line with two more stations

Designing a new car with new features

Sending a new satellite to space.

None of these.

One hundred men and 100 women were asked to try a new toothpaste and to state whether they liked or did not like the new taste thirty-two and 26 women said they did not like the new taste does this indicate a difference in preferences between men and women in general?

Research a current article from a reputable scholarly source on the subject of Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).

Briefly summarize your findings and how the information relates to the concepts you know.

Compare and contrast new debt offerings to new offerings of equity in the form of stock. Specifically, be sure to comment on the direct and indirect costs of new public debt versus new public equity.

Provide an appropriate reference and citation(s) for both the article and the related concepts you use from your textbook.

In order to compare a new variety of wheat with a standard, an experiment is used with six plots receiving the new variety and ten plots receiving the standard. The yields (t/ha) are as follows:

New variety: 2.6 2.1 2.5 2.4   1.9   2.3

Standard variety: 1.7 2.1 2.0   1.8 2.3   1.6   2.0   2.1 2.2 1.9

Question : (a) Identify the model for comparing the wheat yield?

(b) Is there evidence at the 5% significance level that the yield of the new variety is higher?

ANSWER QUESTION (a) necessary.

To assess the effectiveness of a new diet formulation, a sample of 8 steers is fed a regular diet and another sample of 10 steers is fed a new diet. The weights of the steers at 1 yr are given in Table 5.14. Do these results imply that the new diet results in higher weights? (alpha=0.05)

Regular Diet: 831, 858, 833, 860, 922, 875, 797, 788

New Diet: 870, 882, 896, 925, 842, 908, 944, 927, 965, 887

Epidemiologists decided to investigate the validity of new diagnostic tool for breast cancer. They used this new diagnostic tool for breast cancer in 150 women with biopsy-proven breast cancer in 300 age- and race-matched control women. The results of the new tool were positive in 136 cases and in 35 control women, all of whom showed no evidence of cancer at biopsy. What is the sensitivity of new diagnosis tool for breast cancer?