A: You recently took a statistics class in a large class with n = 500 students. The instructor tells the class that the scores were Normally distributed, with a mean of 7 2 (out of 100 ) and a standard deviation of 8 , but when you talk to other students in the class, you find out that more than 30 students have scores below 45 . That violates which rule for the Normal distribution?

the 30–60–90 rule

the 1–2–3 rule

the 68–95–99.7 rule

It does not violate any rule; anything can happen.

B: In a population of Siberian flying squirrels in western Finland, assume that the the number of pups born to each female over her lifetime has mean ?=3.66μand standard deviation ?=2.9598. The distribution of squirrel pups born is non‑normal because it takes only whole, non‑negative values.

Determine the mean number of pups, x¯, such that in 90%of all random samples of such squirrels of size ?=60,, the mean number of pups born to females in the sample is less than ?⎯⎯⎯.than x¯.

You may need to use software or a table of ?-critical values. You may find some software manuals useful.

Give your answer to at least two decimal places.

?=

%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253EI%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253E%253Cbr%2520%252F%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253E%253Cbr%2520%252F%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253Envestigation%2520A.%2520The%2520pith%2520ball%250AElectroscope%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2520%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2520%2526nbsp%253B%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2520c3%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253EThe%2520pith%2520ball%2520electroscope%2520consists%2520of%2520a%2520light%252C%2520conducting%250Apith%2520ball%2520suspended%2520from%2520a%2520support%2520by%2520means%2520of%2520an%2520insulating%250Astring.%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c1%2522%250Axml%253Alang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253EQ1.%2520%2526nbsp%253BA.%2520Ground%2520the%2520pith%2520ball%2520by%2520touching%250Ait.%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2520%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253BB.%2520Rub%2520a%2520rubber%2520rod%2520with%2520wool%2520of%250Afur%2520and%2520bring%2520it%2520near%2520the%2520pith%2520ball%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2520C.%2520Remove%2520the%2520rod%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253EQ2.%2526nbsp%253B%2520A.%2520Ground%2520the%2520pith%2520ball.%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2520B.%2520Rub%2520a%2520glass%2520rod%2520with%2520silk%2520and%250Abring%2520it%2520near%2520the%2520pith%2520ball.%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2526nbsp%253B%2520C.%2520Remove%2520the%2520rod%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253E%2526nbsp%253B%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D%250A%2522EN-US%2522%253EQ3.%2526nbsp%253B%2520A.%2520Ground%2520the%2520pith%2520ball.%253C%252Fspan%253E%253C%252Fp%253E%250A%253Cp%2520class%253D%2522MsoNormal%2522%253E%253Cspan%2520lang%253D%2522EN-US%2522%2520class%253D%2522c2%2522%2520xml%253Alang%253D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The following represents the results of a survey in which individuals were asked to share what they perceive to be the ideal number of children.

	0	1	2	3	4	5	6
Female	11	8	92	65	35	3	2
Male	8	15	74	42	21	3	1

a. What is the probability an individual believes the ideal number of children is 2?

b. What is the probability an individual is male and believes the ideal number o f children is 3?

c. Among the females, what’s the probability the individual believes the ideal number is 3?

d. What is the probability an individual believes the ideal number of children is at least 4?

Partial Insurance: An individual has $2000 in physical assets, and $600 in cash initially. This person faces the following loss distribution to the wealth. Full insurance is available at $600

Probability	Loss
0.5	0
0.1	200
0.2	400
0.1	1000
0.1	2000

The Individual can also buy partial insurance with i. a $200 deductible, or ii. 75% coinsurance, or iii. Upper limit on coverage, with the limit being $1000. The premium on each partial coverage policy is $450. Provide a ranking of the four types of policies for the individual, in terms of preference if the preference function is given by U(FW) = LN(1+FW), where FW is final wealth of the individual.

Get to know an adolescent or adult through observation(s). 17 year female Briefly, clearly, and objectively present the specific current observation of the individual. The primary emphasis of the paper is the specific current observation of the individual for at least one (1) hour total.  Background information should be brief and to the point.  If you do an interview it is not considered the observation. o The information you obtain is for Background Information.  The observation is not a review of experiences and observations you may have had with the individual over a period of time. o This is Background Information.  You can include what you experienced through playing and talking with the individual, but the emphasis should be what you observed.

The instructor will assign you a scenario that includes a client's pertinent personal and financial information. Using your client's information and what you have learned in this course, develop an investment policy statement for your client, offer recommendations for the client's portfolio, and provide a justification for the recommendations presented. The policy statement should be 500-750 words and must include the following information:

1. A detailed explanation of the investment policy statement, including the investment objectives for the portfolio, based on the unique needs and preferences of the client.
2. Description of any investment constraints, liquidity needs, and the client's time horizon.
3. A justification of each of the investment recommendations you will make to the client.

Here is the scenario to be considered:

Client is a 70-year-old retired entrepreneur, active and in excellent health, with no children. He continues to hold a substantial number of shares in a business he founded, the total value of which is $25 million. In addition to the private company shares, he has $10 million cash, $5 million stocks, $5 million municipal bonds, $6 million commercial property fully leased, and $1 million home. With no children surviving him, he intends to leave his entire estate to a research foundation seeking a cure for the disease that ended his wife’s life.

Questions

1. Remove one organism from your food web. Which organism did you choose?

NOTE: The sun is not an organism and can not be removed from the food web!!!

Let's remove grass.

• What other organisms are affected by its removal?

Grass eating animals would be affected like rabbits and grasshopper

• Are there other food sources that these organisms could begin to eat in order to replace the
  removed food source?

Rabbits can switch over to carrots but grass is the main food of grasshoppers. Their number will obviously reduce if the grass is removed from the food web.

2. Describe two predator-prey combinations from your food web.

A lion is the predator and deer is the prey. A Bear is the predator and a fish is the prey. Both these evolve according to their respective needs such as prey develops strategies to hide like camouflage, it develops speed, a good sense of smell etc. Likewise, a predator in order to survive also develops strategies like developing immunity against the poisonous substances produced by a prey. Some common strategies working for both the prey and predator is a sense of speed, hearing, smell and sight.

3. List one example of a parasite from your food web.

• How is a parasite like the predators you described in #2?

• How is a parasite different from a predator?

4. Describe one example of competition from your food web.

• What affect does competition for food resources have on each population involved?

• Describe how the competition interactions would change if one of the involved organisms suddenly switched to a different food source.

5. Since food webs report who eats who, they do not illustrate commensalism and mutualism.

Use an outside resource (i.e. internet) to describe a real life example of each.

Questions on the food pyramid

1. Explain why a pyramid is the best shape to represent how energy flows through an ecosystem.

2. Explain why producers are the base of the pyramid.

3. As an omnivore, from which trophic level would you be able to obtain the greatest amount of the sun’s energy?

4. Does the size of individual organisms increase or decrease as they move up the energy pyramid? Explain why this happens.

5. What two important groups of organisms are not depicted in Figure 13.4 that can be found on 2nd through 5th trophic levels?

During 2003, General Motors cut the prices of its car models. As a result, GM earned a profit of only $184 per car, compared to the profit of $555 per car it had earned in 2002. Does the decline in GM’s profits per car indicate that cutting prices was not a profit-maximizing strategy? Briefly explain.

On the first statistics exam, the coefficient of determination between the hours studied and the grade earned was 85%. The standard error of estimate was 12. There were 16 students in the class. Develop an ANOVA table for the regression analysis of hours studied as a predictor of the grade earned on the first statistics exam.

source	DF	SS	MS
Regression
Error
Total

WG is one of the world’s leading makers of mobile phones, with market share of approximately 20%.Unlike any of its major competitors, it is based in Narnia, a high-cost, developed country. Narnia has very limited natural resources, but has developed significant expertise over the decades in high-end precision engineering and efficient use of materials. WG is quoted on the Narnian stock exchange, where it is the largest company by market capitalisation. It has a wide shareholder base including most Narnian

institutional investors and private individuals. Its largest three shareholders are institutions who each own around 2% of the company.WG was founded in the 1960s to make telephone equipment and in the 1990s managers made a strategic decision to focus on the then-tiny mobile phone market. This was partly attributable to the Narnian government being among the first to fully deregulate their telecoms market, which lead to lower call costs. Narnia and its neighbouring countries are also fairly rural, and its populations were enthusiastic early adopters of mobile phones. WG was given a particular boost in 1995 when the transmission standard they had pioneered was adopted as the basis for calls by the government in Narnia and many other governments around the world.

Serving a rapidly growing market, WG quickly gained economies of scale that allowed cheaper production than competitors emerging later. WG then exploited these to open up export markets all over the world,enhancing their advantage further.

Unlike many of its competitors, who subcontract their manufacturing to others, WG assembles most of its own handsets. Its factories are mostly in Narnia, where it benefits from the highly educated population and the presence of high-quality local suppliers to carry out increasingly high-tech manufacturing processes. Narnia has very good communication links, which helps suppliers to deliver rapidly.

Technology is advancing all the time and WG regularly launches new, more sophisticated devices, most recently a suite of smartphones. However, the fastest-growing demand is for cheaper, basic models which just carry out voice calls and text messaging. This demand is driven by users in developing countries, who are concerned to keep costs down, but also want the status of using a well-known brand such as WG. WG has invested significant resources in building up a local sales presence in these markets, which allows it to spot trends and produce phones tailored to local tastes and languages.

Competition in the industry is intense, and has become more so due to a recent global economic downturn. The Narnian government has also announced new anti-pollution measures that will result in large-scale manufacturers having to pay more than previously to dispose of their waste products. Shortly afterwards, WG announced that they will increase the proportion of handsets manufactured in lower-cost countries from 15% to 40% over the next three years. Component manufacturers announced plans to follow them to the new locations. This will involve cutting over 1,000 jobs in Narnia. A spokesman for the

Narnian government called the decision “disappointing”. A trade union official said,

“WG has increasingly been putting pressure on its suppliers to lower costs and respond more quickly to market fluctuations. This has made it unprofitable for them to operate in Narnia and lead to decisions like this”.

Required: (a) Analyse WG’s environment using two appropriate models SWOT , 5 forces of Porter

(b) Discuss the main stakeholders in WG and how management could try to retain their support as it seeks to reduce costs.