Copy and paste the following questions in the submit box below and find the location where the following information is found:
Give the line numbers where the hypothesis occurs.
Give the line numbers where the experiment is described.
Give the line numbers where the results are presented.
Do you see signs of pseudoscience in this article, if so, Give the
line numbers. Briefly describe the graph:
1 Pesticides suspected in mass die-off of bees Text excerpted from March 29, 2012|By Eryn Brown, Los Angeles Times
2 Scientists have identified a new suspect in the mysterious die-off of bees in recent years � a class of
3 pesticides that appear to be lethal in indirect ways. The chemicals, known as neonicotinoids, are designed
4 to target a variety of sucking and chewing insects, including aphids and beetles. Bees are known to ingest
5 the poison when they eat the pollen and nectar of treated plants, though in doses so tiny that it was not
6 seen as a threat.
7 A study published online Thursday by the journal Science indicate that the pesticides are not altogether
8 benign. The study used miniature radio frequency chips to track honeybees and found that the pesticide
9 impaired their ability to navigate back to the hive after a feeding expedition.
10 Beekeepers became alarmed that honeybees were vanishing from their nests across the U.S. in the fall of
11 2006 � victims of a perplexing and pervasive malady now known as colony collapse disorder that wiped
12 out as many as 90% of bees, in some cases. Scientists don't know exactly why the ailment strikes, but
13 they believe it results from a combination of habitat degradation, infection by pathogens and parasites and
14 pesticide use. Researchers have also documented sharp declines in bumblebees, which are important crop
15 pollinators but are not domesticated.
16 Neonicotinoid pesticides were developed to eradicate insects without threatening mammals. The
17 chemicals, which are incorporated into the tissues, leaves and flowers of plants, target the central nervous
18 system, leading to paralysis and death. Farmers began using them in the early 1990s.
19 Past studies have explored effects of neonicotinoids in the lab, finding that they might harm bees'
20 memory, learning and orientation. But the new study is among the first to examine the pesticides' effects
21 on bees under real-world conditions.
22 The study led by researchers from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research, or INRA,
23 focused on honeybees, which have been victimized by colony collapse disorder throughout the Northern
24 Hemisphere.
25 First they glued special radio frequency identification tags to the bees' thoraxes. Then they fed the bees
26 sublethal doses of a neonicotinoid and monitored the insects as they attempted to return to the hive.
27 The research team discovered that the "intoxicated" bees were about twice as likely as unexposed bees to
28 die because they couldn't find their way home. Computer simulations suggested that these no-shows could
29 cause hive populations to crash in a matter of weeks, said study coauthor Mickael Henry, a researcher at
30 INRA in Avignon. The weakened colonies would be especially vulnerable to environmental
31 stresses such as climate change or disease, he added.
32
33 The new findings lend support to the notion that pesticides contribute to colony collapse, but
34 leave open the likelihood that habitat destruction and illness play a role too, scientists said.
35 "There are a whole lot of things that stress the honeybees," said Eric Mussen, a honeybee
36 specialist at UC Davis. "You can't point your finger at one thing and say, 'That is the problem.' "
37 Mussen cautioned against singling out neonicotinoids when other pesticides could have similar
38 effects on bees. Besides, he said, many insects have built up immunity to neonicotinoids, so
39 farmers are likely to switch to different pesticides anyway.
B: Bees released at a random location a kilometer away from the hive. Vertical axis shows relative number of bees returning to hive (1 = 100%)
Graph from: Henry, M., Beguin, M., Requier, F., Rollin, O., Odoux, J., Aupinel, P., Aptel, J., Tchamitchian, S., & Decourtye, A. (2012). A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees Science
In: Physics
Copy and paste the following questions in the submit box below and find the location where the following information is found:
Give the line numbers where the hypothesis occurs.
Give the line numbers where the experiment is described.
Give the line numbers where the results are presented.
Do you see signs of pseudoscience in this article, if so, Give the
line numbers. Briefly describe the graph:
1 Pesticides suspected in mass die-off of bees Text excerpted from March 29, 2012|By Eryn Brown, Los Angeles Times
2 Scientists have identified a new suspect in the mysterious die-off of bees in recent years � a class of
3 pesticides that appear to be lethal in indirect ways. The chemicals, known as neonicotinoids, are designed
4 to target a variety of sucking and chewing insects, including aphids and beetles. Bees are known to ingest
5 the poison when they eat the pollen and nectar of treated plants, though in doses so tiny that it was not
6 seen as a threat.
7 A study published online Thursday by the journal Science indicate that the pesticides are not altogether
8 benign. The study used miniature radio frequency chips to track honeybees and found that the pesticide
9 impaired their ability to navigate back to the hive after a feeding expedition.
10 Beekeepers became alarmed that honeybees were vanishing from their nests across the U.S. in the fall of
11 2006 � victims of a perplexing and pervasive malady now known as colony collapse disorder that wiped
12 out as many as 90% of bees, in some cases. Scientists don't know exactly why the ailment strikes, but
13 they believe it results from a combination of habitat degradation, infection by pathogens and parasites and
14 pesticide use. Researchers have also documented sharp declines in bumblebees, which are important crop
15 pollinators but are not domesticated.
16 Neonicotinoid pesticides were developed to eradicate insects without threatening mammals. The
17 chemicals, which are incorporated into the tissues, leaves and flowers of plants, target the central nervous
18 system, leading to paralysis and death. Farmers began using them in the early 1990s.
19 Past studies have explored effects of neonicotinoids in the lab, finding that they might harm bees'
20 memory, learning and orientation. But the new study is among the first to examine the pesticides' effects
21 on bees under real-world conditions.
22 The study led by researchers from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research, or INRA,
23 focused on honeybees, which have been victimized by colony collapse disorder throughout the Northern
24 Hemisphere.
25 First they glued special radio frequency identification tags to the bees' thoraxes. Then they fed the bees
26 sublethal doses of a neonicotinoid and monitored the insects as they attempted to return to the hive.
27 The research team discovered that the "intoxicated" bees were about twice as likely as unexposed bees to
28 die because they couldn't find their way home. Computer simulations suggested that these no-shows could
29 cause hive populations to crash in a matter of weeks, said study coauthor Mickael Henry, a researcher at
30 INRA in Avignon. The weakened colonies would be especially vulnerable to environmental
31 stresses such as climate change or disease, he added.
32
33 The new findings lend support to the notion that pesticides contribute to colony collapse, but
34 leave open the likelihood that habitat destruction and illness play a role too, scientists said.
35 "There are a whole lot of things that stress the honeybees," said Eric Mussen, a honeybee
36 specialist at UC Davis. "You can't point your finger at one thing and say, 'That is the problem.' "
37 Mussen cautioned against singling out neonicotinoids when other pesticides could have similar
38 effects on bees. Besides, he said, many insects have built up immunity to neonicotinoids, so
39 farmers are likely to switch to different pesticides anyway.
B: Bees released at a random location a kilometer away from the hive. Vertical axis shows relative number of bees returning to hive (1 = 100%)
Graph from: Henry, M., Beguin, M., Requier, F., Rollin, O., Odoux, J., Aupinel, P., Aptel, J., Tchamitchian, S., & Decourtye, A. (2012). A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees Science
In: Physics
Copy and paste the following questions in the submit box below and find the location where the following information is found:
Give the line numbers where the hypothesis occurs.
Give the line numbers where the experiment is described.
Give the line numbers where the results are presented.
Do you see signs of pseudoscience in this article, if so, Give the
line numbers. Briefly describe the graph:
1 Pesticides suspected in mass die-off of bees Text excerpted from March 29, 2012|By Eryn Brown, Los Angeles Times
2 Scientists have identified a new suspect in the mysterious die-off of bees in recent years � a class of
3 pesticides that appear to be lethal in indirect ways. The chemicals, known as neonicotinoids, are designed
4 to target a variety of sucking and chewing insects, including aphids and beetles. Bees are known to ingest
5 the poison when they eat the pollen and nectar of treated plants, though in doses so tiny that it was not
6 seen as a threat.
7 A study published online Thursday by the journal Science indicate that the pesticides are not altogether
8 benign. The study used miniature radio frequency chips to track honeybees and found that the pesticide
9 impaired their ability to navigate back to the hive after a feeding expedition.
10 Beekeepers became alarmed that honeybees were vanishing from their nests across the U.S. in the fall of
11 2006 � victims of a perplexing and pervasive malady now known as colony collapse disorder that wiped
12 out as many as 90% of bees, in some cases. Scientists don't know exactly why the ailment strikes, but
13 they believe it results from a combination of habitat degradation, infection by pathogens and parasites and
14 pesticide use. Researchers have also documented sharp declines in bumblebees, which are important crop
15 pollinators but are not domesticated.
16 Neonicotinoid pesticides were developed to eradicate insects without threatening mammals. The
17 chemicals, which are incorporated into the tissues, leaves and flowers of plants, target the central nervous
18 system, leading to paralysis and death. Farmers began using them in the early 1990s.
19 Past studies have explored effects of neonicotinoids in the lab, finding that they might harm bees'
20 memory, learning and orientation. But the new study is among the first to examine the pesticides' effects
21 on bees under real-world conditions.
22 The study led by researchers from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research, or INRA,
23 focused on honeybees, which have been victimized by colony collapse disorder throughout the Northern
24 Hemisphere.
25 First they glued special radio frequency identification tags to the bees' thoraxes. Then they fed the bees
26 sublethal doses of a neonicotinoid and monitored the insects as they attempted to return to the hive.
27 The research team discovered that the "intoxicated" bees were about twice as likely as unexposed bees to
28 die because they couldn't find their way home. Computer simulations suggested that these no-shows could
29 cause hive populations to crash in a matter of weeks, said study coauthor Mickael Henry, a researcher at
30 INRA in Avignon. The weakened colonies would be especially vulnerable to environmental
31 stresses such as climate change or disease, he added.
32
33 The new findings lend support to the notion that pesticides contribute to colony collapse, but
34 leave open the likelihood that habitat destruction and illness play a role too, scientists said.
35 "There are a whole lot of things that stress the honeybees," said Eric Mussen, a honeybee
36 specialist at UC Davis. "You can't point your finger at one thing and say, 'That is the problem.' "
37 Mussen cautioned against singling out neonicotinoids when other pesticides could have similar
38 effects on bees. Besides, he said, many insects have built up immunity to neonicotinoids, so
39 farmers are likely to switch to different pesticides anyway.
B: Bees released at a random location a kilometer away from the hive. Vertical axis shows relative number of bees returning to hive (1 = 100%)
Graph from: Henry, M., Beguin, M., Requier, F., Rollin, O., Odoux, J., Aupinel, P., Aptel, J., Tchamitchian, S., & Decourtye, A. (2012). A Common Pesticide Decreases Foraging Success and Survival in Honey Bees Science
In: Physics
H&M, a Fashion Giant, Has a Problem: $4.3 Billion in Unsold Clothes
In the world of fashion retailing, where shopping is fast moving online and stores try to keep inventories closely matched to sales, even a small stack of unsold clothes can be a bad sign. What about a $4.3 billion pile of shirts, dresses and accessories? That is the problem facing H&M, the Swedish fashion retailer, which is struggling with a mounting stack of unsold inventory.
H&M outlined the buildup in its latest quarterly report on Tuesday, prompting questions of whether the company is able to adapt to the fierce competition and changing consumer demands reshaping the global apparel market. Signs of its expanding unsold inventory began emerging last year, when it reported an unexpected quarterly drop in sales. The decline was the first in two decades, a period in which H&M expanded from a lone women’s wear store west of Stockholm to a gargantuan network of 4,700 stores around the world.
Foot traffic in the past year fell as customers eschewed crowded shop floors in favor of online shopping, or lower-cost offerings elsewhere, a challenge hitting a wide array of “fast fashion” retailers. On Tuesday, the company said the pile of unsold stock had grown 7 percent in the past year and was now worth nearly 35 billion Swedish kronor. The scale of the problem illustrates H&M’s vast size — as one of the world’s largest clothing manufacturers, it produces hundreds of millions of items each year. There are so many that a power plant in Vasteras, the town where H&M founded its first store, relies partly on burning defective products the retailer cannot sell to create energy.
Analysts have been pressing Karl-Johan Persson, the company’s chief executive, over the issue. Inventory levels were up, Mr. Persson said, because H&M was opening 220 new stores and expanding its e-commerce operations, and so needed to fill the racks. Critics, however, blamed poor inventory management and underwhelming product offerings, prompting once-loyal shoppers to take their wallets elsewhere. The company said operating profit fell 62 percent in the three months through February, sending its shares to their lowest closing price since 2005 on the Stockholm stock exchange.
It is the latest in a series of issues for H&M. The company had to close stores in South Africa and faced a social media backlash after it ran an ad in January showing a black child model wearing a hooded sweatshirt that said, “Coolest monkey in the jungle.” Also, it and other retailers in Europe are girding themselves for an expected push by Amazon into clothing retailing, one that Amazon has already been making in the United States.
Since the early 2000s, business has largely boomed for fast fashion retailers such as ASOS, H&M and Inditex, which owns Zara. They profited off their ability to generate, at a vast scale, rapid translations of runway fashions into low-priced clothing and accessories. But while luxury brands have enjoyed a rebound in fortunes in recent months, fueled by millennial appetite and a recovery in demand from the lucrative Chinese market, mass-market companies have had to deal with enormous changes. In the digital era, the challenges around offering trendy apparel before it goes out of style have mounted, particularly as growing numbers of shoppers choose to buy from their smartphones and become more quality conscious. ASOS is an online-only retailer, and Inditex has managed to ramp up its digital sales. But H&M, which also owns brands like Cos, & Other Stories and Arket, has fallen behind the pack.
Analysts have been downbeat on the Swedish company’s outlook. Rahul Sharma, founder of Neev Capital, called H&M “a slow-motion wreck” after the release of the first-quarter results. Analysts at the Swiss bank UBS said in a note to investors this month that they had come away from an H&M presentation in November “with no clear view on why focus on the core customer had been lost, and what was being done to fix it.” H&M has insisted it has a plan, saying it would slash prices to reduce the stockpile and slow its expansion in stores. It said it hoped its online business would expand 25 percent this year. Still, Mr. Persson, a grandson of H&M’s founder, acknowledged that the rapid transformation of the industry was weighing on his company. “The start of the year,” he said, “has been tough.”
10. How do the concepts of price sensitivity and elasticity of demand impact the sale of clothing & accessories at H&M. Explain your thinking with examples.
8. How H&M could leverage the use of technology to enhance its online and offline channels? List and briefly describe three trends that are currently having the greatest impact on the future of retailing.
6. H&M needs to work on their integrated marketing communications plan, they need to build out a plan for changing people’s behaviors and adding a larger audience. What do you believe are the three best tools for this? Explain how your various tools would work to capture the audience and what you would do to maximize profits. Please provide more details.
In: Operations Management
Your firm designs, manufactures, and markets
children’s toys for sale in the U.S. Almost90% of your production
is done in China. During the 1990s, U.S. relations with China
improved.Even though there were many disagreements between the two
countries, the United Statesgranted normal trade status to China
and supported China’s membership in the WTO in 2001.Your firm
invested heavily in China during that time. You have developed
close ties to Chinesesuppliers and have come to depend greatly on
inexpensive Chinese labor and the lower costs ofdoing business
therYou are now concerned about increasing political tension
between China and the United Statesover a variety of issues:
China’s s treatment of the Tibetan people, reports about the use of
prisonlabor to manufacture goods for export, China’s population
policies, and differences over relationswith communist North Korea.
The United States has also accused China of corporate and
industrial
espionage in the United States to obtain scientific, industrial,
and trade secrets, and of hackinginto corporate and government
computer networks. There are also disagreements over China’s
censorship of Internet search providers, and over the protection of
U.S. intellectual property rightsin China. The United States is
also concerned with China’s tax policies, which are said to
discriminate against imported goods, and also with China’s state
subsidies to domestic industry.
The U.S. accuses China of currency manipulations of the yuan,
making Chinese goods unfairly cheap in foreign markets and imports
into China artificially expensive. Most worrisome is the potential
for conflict over Taiwan, with which the United States has had a
mutual defense pact for 60 years. China claims Taiwan under its
“One China” reunification policy, while accusing the United
States of fostering “independence” there. Despite the issues, both
countries recognize their deep economic reliance on each
other
Provide a conclusion about us and China trade issues by analysing
the above statements and provide suitable
recommendations for avoiding them? provide answer with 1 academic
reference?
In: Economics
A. Recall that Benford's Law claims that numbers chosen from very large data files tend to have "1" as the first nonzero digit disproportionately often. In fact, research has shown that if you randomly draw a number from a very large data file, the probability of getting a number with "1" as the leading digit is about 0.301. Now suppose you are an auditor for a very large corporation. The revenue report involves millions of numbers in a large computer file. Let us say you took a random sample of n = 217 numerical entries from the file and r = 50 of the entries had a first nonzero digit of 1. Let p represent the population proportion of all numbers in the corporate file that have a first nonzero digit of 1.
(i) Test the claim that p is less than 0.301. Use ? = 0.05.
(a) What is the level of significance?
(b) What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
(c) Find the P-value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
B. Is the national crime rate really going down? Some sociologists say yes! They say that the reason for the decline in crime rates in the 1980s and 1990s is demographics. It seems that the population is aging, and older people commit fewer crimes. According to the FBI and the Justice Department, 70% of all arrests are of males aged 15 to 34 years†. Suppose you are a sociologist in Rock Springs, Wyoming, and a random sample of police files showed that of 39 arrests last month, 22 were of males aged 15 to 34 years. Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the population proportion of such arrests in Rock Springs is different from 70%.
(a) What is the level of significance?
(b) What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
(c) Find the P-value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
In: Statistics and Probability
What better way to start the fall semester but with a discussion of the importance of productivity (see Chapter 1, pages 13-18). There we write: “only through increases in productivity can the standard of living improve.” For well over a century, the U.S. has been able to increase productivity at about 2.5% per year, meaning U.S. wealth doubled every 30 years. But in the past decade, the news is not good. As The Wall Street Journal’s (Aug. 10, 2016) front page headline declares: “Productivity Fall Imperils Growth.”
This longest slide in worker productivity since the late 1970s is haunting the U.S. economy’s long-term prospects. Productivity in the 2nd quarter was down 0.4% from a year earlier, the first annual decline in 3 years. That was a further step down from already tepid average annual productivity growth of 1.3% in 2007 through 2015, itself just half the pace seen in 2000 through 2007, and the trend shows little sign of reversing. Productivity has slowed dramatically since the information technology-fueled boom of the late 1990s, when strong productivity gains translated into robust growth for household incomes and the overall economy.
Adds Fed Chair Janet Yellen: “the outlook for productivity growth is a key uncertainty for the U.S. economy and a very difficult question that has divided the economics profession. Some are relatively optimistic, pointing to the continuing pace of innovations that promise revolutionary technologies, from genetically tailored medical therapies to self-driving cars. Others believe that the low-hanging fruit of innovation largely has been picked and that there is simply less scope for further gains.”
Throughout our text we examine how to improve productivity through operations management.
Classroom discussion questions:
In: Operations Management
1. Discuss the effect of the following variables on merger activity:
The growth rate of GDP
Interest rate levels
Interest rate risk premiums
Monetary stringency
2. What percentage of gross domestic product is represented by M&A activity?
3. How do bidder returns vary with (1) the mode of payment and (2) the presence of single versus multiple bidders?
4. How does the presence of single versus multiple bidders affect the returns to the target (1) on the announcement date versus (2) subsequent to the announcement date?
5. Define target run-up? What are some possible reasons for run-up?
6. How might a premium paid for target firms be expected to vary with single versus multiple bidders?
7.How do bidder returns vary with (1) the mode of payment and (2) the presence of single versus multiple bidders?
8. What is the evidence on postmerger operating performance? How does this evidence relate to the event study results for combined returns at merger announcement?
9. What does the evidence of merger returns around banking deregulation say about the source of gains from takeover activity?
10. What are the theoretical predictions on combined merger returns for the (1) efficiency and (2) entrenchment theories? Which theory is supported by the empirical evidence on combined returns?
11. What are some possible reasons for the decline in takeover activity at the end of the 1980s and beginning of the 1990s
12. What is the evidence on postmerger operating performance? How does this evidence relate to the event study results for combined returns at merger announcement?
13. How do the estimation issues differ between event studies of merger announcement and the analysis of the long-term performance following mergers?
14. What is the evidence on the market power explanation for merger announcement gains?
15. What are some reasons why deregulation is associated with heightened merger activity?
7.
In: Finance
The Barings Bank was one of the world's oldest merchant bank and had problems with rogue trading in the middle of the 1990s. Nick Leeson was floor manager for trades in Singapore as well as head of settlement operations, thus he was able to settle his own trades, bypassing the bank’s own internal controls. Whilst trading, Nick Leeson supposedly made $10 million profit in the first week of February 1995 for the bank. This humongous profit caught the attention of other staff members in the bank. For instance, Mike Killian, who was the head of Global Futures and Options Sales, knew that the whole of Barings bank was making about GBP 200 million a year. If Nick Leeson carried on making such a profit throughout the year it would be half a billion dollars a year profit! Accordingly, to some sources, Mike said that if Nick is doing that amount of business for that amount of profit, then they should shut down the rest of the bank because they were just overheads.4 Due to Nick's rogue trading, the bank went bankrupt in 1995.5
a) Mike Killian was cynical that one person alone was making more money than all the rest of Barings Bank staff. Questioning the reliability of information and being alert to conditions that may indicate possible fraud is an attitude expected from auditors. What is the name of this professional attitude and what is its use of it in the role of auditors?
b) Nick Leeson was floor manager for trades as well as head of settlement operations. This means that he was able to settle his own trades, bypassing the bank’s own internal controls. Considering the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, which kind of threat to independence does this relate to? Describe this threat and suggest one safeguard Barings bank could have implemented to eliminate or reduce this threat.
c) Before going bankrupt in 1995 Barings bank had an unqualified audit report. What does that mean regarding audit expectation-performance gap? How does an unqualified audit report relate to the bank going bankrupt?
In: Accounting
In the following problem, check that it is appropriate to use the normal approximation to the binomial. Then use the normal distribution to estimate the requested probabilities.
It is estimated that 3.5% of the general population will live past their 90th birthday. In a graduating class of 759 high school seniors, find the following probabilities. (Round your answers to four decimal places.)
(a) 15 or more will live beyond their 90th birthday
(b) 30 or more will live beyond their 90th birthday
(c) between 25 and 35 will live beyond their 90th birthday
(d) more than 40 will live beyond their 90th birthday
In the following problem, check that it is appropriate to use the normal approximation to the binomial. Then use the normal distribution to estimate the requested probabilities.
Ocean fishing for billfish is very popular in the Cozumel region of Mexico. In the Cozumel region about 47% of strikes (while trolling) resulted in a catch. Suppose that on a given day a fleet of fishing boats got a total of 27 strikes. Find the following probabilities. (Round your answers to four decimal places.)
(a) 12 or fewer fish were caught
(b) 5 or more fish were caught
(c) between 5 and 12 fish were caught
Based on long experience, an airline found that about 6% of the people making reservations on a flight from Miami to Denver do not show up for the flight. Suppose the airline overbooks this flight by selling 263 ticket reservations for an airplane with only 255 seats.
(a) What is the probability that a person holding a reservation will show up for the flight?
(b) Let n = 263 represent the number of ticket reservations. Let r represent the number of people with reservations who show up for the flight. What expression represents the probability that a seat will be available for everyone who shows up holding a reservation?
P(r ≥ 263)P(r ≤ 263) P(r ≥ 255)P(r ≤ 255)
(c) Use the normal approximation to the binomial distribution and part (b) to answer the following question: What is the probability that a seat will be available for every person who shows up holding a reservation? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
One environmental group did a study of recycling habits in a California community. It found that 74% of the aluminum cans sold in the area were recycled. (Use the normal approximation. Round your answers to four decimal places.)
(a) If 384 cans are sold today, what is the probability that 300 or more will be recycled?
(b) Of the 384 cans sold, what is the probability that between 260 and 300 will be recycled?
In: Statistics and Probability