Mr Ahmed Kumar runs a snack distribution business located in the Light Industrial area in Lusaka. The following list of balances was extracted from his ledger as at 31 March, 2020; the end of his most recent financial year.

K

Capital                                                                                               83,887

Sales                                                                                                  259,870

Trade accounts payable                                                                 19,840

Returns outwards                                                                            13,407

Allowance for doubtful debts                                                         512

Discounts allowed                                                                           2,306

Discounts received                                                                          1,750

Purchases                                                                                         135,680

Returns inwards                                                                               5,624

Carriage outwards                                                                           4,562

Drawings                                                                                           18,440

Carriage inwards                                                                             11,830

Rent, rates and insurance                                                             25,973

Heating and lighting                                                                        11,010

Postage, stationery and telephone                                               2,410

Advertising                                                                                        5,980

Salaries and wages                                                                         38,521

Bad debts                                                                                          2,008

Cash in hand                                                                                    534

Cash at bank                                                                                    4,440

Inventory as at 1^st April 2019                                                         15,654

Trade accounts receivable                                                             24,500

Fixtures and fittings - at cost                                                          120,740

Prov. for depreciation on fixtures and fittings – 31/03/2020     63,020

Depreciation                                                                                     12,074

The following additional information as at 31^st March, 2020 is available:

(a) Inventory at the close of business was valued at K17,750

(b) Insurances have been prepaid by K1,120

(c) Heating and lighting is accrued by K1,360

(d) Rates have been prepaid by K5,435

(e) The allowance for doubtful debts is to be adjusted so that it is 3% of trade accounts receivable.

Required:

For the year 2020, prepare Mr Kumar’s:

1. Unadjusted Trial Balance as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

2. General Journal recording the adjustments highlighted above.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

3. Trading, Profit or Loss statement for the year ended 31^st March, 2020.

[10 Marks]

4. Statement of financial position as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

[Total: 40 Marks]

Question 4 [27]

The following bank reconciliation statement was prepared by the bookkeeper of Veggie Stores for January 2020. The financial year of the business ends in January each year.

Required:

1. Is the opening balance of R35 000 as per the bank statement a debit or a credit balance on the bank statement? Explain your answer.                                                                         (2)
2. Explain why the business has entered cheque no. 9753 in the bank reconciliation statement.                                                                                                                                       (3)
3. The business has made three other errors. Identify the amounts relating to these errors and explain why they are errors. Specify the corrective action that should be taken to correct these errors.                                                                                                                            (9)
4. Prepare a corrected bank reconciliation statement for January 2020.                         (7)
5. The owner is concerned about the outstanding deposit of R12 900. Explain why he is concerned.                                                                                                                     (2)
6. Propose TWO steps the owner should take to prevent things such as those described in Question 4.5 above from occurring again in the future.                                                (4)

Complete question 4.3 and 4.4 specifically in format below

4.3

                                                                                                                                                        (9)

4.4

                                                                                                                                                        (7)

Question 4 [27]

The following bank reconciliation statement was prepared by the bookkeeper of Veggie Stores for January 2020. The financial year of the business ends in January each year.

Required:

1. Is the opening balance of R35 000 as per the bank statement a debit or a credit balance on the bank statement? Explain your answer.                                                                         (2)
2. Explain why the business has entered cheque no. 9753 in the bank reconciliation statement.                                                                                                                                       (3)
3. The business has made three other errors. Identify the amounts relating to these errors and explain why they are errors. Specify the corrective action that should be taken to correct these errors.                                                                                                                            (9)
4. Prepare a corrected bank reconciliation statement for January 2020.                         (7)
5. The owner is concerned about the outstanding deposit of R12 900. Explain why he is concerned.                                                                                                                     (2)
6. Propose TWO steps the owner should take to prevent things such as those described in Question 4.5 above from occurring again in the future.                                                (4)

Complete question 4.3 and 4.4 specifically in format below

4.3

                                                                                                                                                        (9)

4.4

                                                                                                                                                        (7)

Question 3

A. J & B Company uses the percentage of sales approach to estimate its uncollectible accounts. The company’s annual sales for its first financial year of operations ending July 31, 2020 was $500,000, cash sales contributed to 2% of the overall sales and the accounts receivable balance at year end was $75,000. Based on industry expectations, it estimated that 3% of its credit sales would be uncollectible.

Required:

a. Calculate the bad debt expense at July 31, 2020.

b. Calculate the net receivable balance that would be reported in the Statement of Financial Position as at July 31, 2020.

B. Tosh and Sons Inc. uses the percentage of receivables approach to estimate its uncollectible accounts. The company had sales of $100,000 at the end of its financial year on June 30, 2020. The allowance for doubtful debts account had a debit balance of $400, the accounts receivable balance was $30,000 at year end and the company estimates the uncollectible percentages as follows:

Current (1 - 30 days)   $15,000           0.5%

31 - 60 days                 $10,000           2.0%

61 - 90 days                 $3,000             10.0%

Over 90 days               $2000              60.0%

Required:

a. Calculate the bad debt expense at June 30, 2020.

b. Prepare the necessary journal entry to record the bad debt expense for the year.

C. During the financial year ending May 31, 2020 the Board of Directors of Chung Sa Corporation authorised the write off of a $3,000 two-year debt belonging to a previous customer Jap Inc. On July 2, 2020 Chung Sa Corporation received an electronic funds transfer from Jap Inc. in the amount of $3,000.

Required:

Prepare all necessary journal entries to record this transaction.

5–5A Buono Adventures, which uses the perpetual inventory system, has the following account balances (in alphabetical order) on July 31, 2020:

Note: For simplicity, all operating expenses have been summarized in the account Operating Expenses.

Additional data at July 31, 2020:

1. A physical count of items showed $3,000 of supplies on hand. (Hint: Use the account Operating Expenses in the adjusting journal entry.)

2. An inventory count showed inventory on hand at July 31, 2020, of $140,000.

3. The equipment has an estimated useful life of eight years and is expected to have no scrap or residual value at the end of its life. (Hint: Use the account Operating Expenses in the adjusting journal entry.)

4. Unearned sales revenue of $5,600 was earned by July 31, 2020.

Required

1. Record all adjustments and closing entries that would be required on July 31, 2020.

2. Prepare the multi-step income statement and statement of owner’s equity for the year ended July 31, 2020, and the classified balance sheet in report format as at July 31, 2020.

3 4

Adjusting and closing the accounts of a merchandising company, and preparing a merchandiser’s financial statements under the perpetual inventory system

2. Net loss, $67,500

The following information is available about Ancora Co. (Ancora): 1. Ancora's cash balance on December 31, 2019, was $70,000. 2. Actual sales for November and December 2019, and expected sales for January and February 2020, are as follows: November 2019 December 2019 January 2020 February 2020 (actual) (actual) (estimate) (estimate) Cash sales $ 75,000 $ 90,000 $ 60,000 $ 50,000 Credit sales 560.000 650,000 480,000 430,000 Sales on account are collected over a three-month period at the following rate: 30% collected in the month of sale, 50% collected in the month following sale and 17% collected in the second month following sale. The remaining 3% is uncollectable and is written off 3. Ancora's gross profit on sales is 35%. 4. Ancora's policy is to hold inventory at the end of the month equal to 40% of next month's budgeted sales. Inventory purchases in a given month are paid for as follows: 30% are paid in the month of purchase and 70% in the month following 5. Selling and administrative expenses are budgeted at $400,000 for January 2020. This amount includes $120,000 for depreciation 6 Equipment costing $150 000 was expected to be purchased for cash during January 2020 7 On December 15, 2019. Ancora declared a $100.000 dividend to be paid on January 15, 2020 8 Ancora must maintain a minimum cash balance of $50.000 An open line of credit is available from Ancora's bank. REQUIRED: Prepare Ancora's cash budget for the month of Jan 2020 and calculate Ancora's budgeted account receivable and accts payable closing balance at Jan 31, 20.

PLEASE PROVIDE TYPE WRITTEN ANSWER AND NOT HAND-WRITTEN SINCE IT'S HARD TO UNDERSTAND HAND WRITING.

Mr Ahmed Kumar runs a snack distribution business located in the Light Industrial area in Lusaka. The following list of balances was extracted from his ledger as at 31 March, 2020; the end of his most recent financial year.

K

Capital                                                                                                83,887

Sales                                                                                                  259,870

Trade accounts payable                                                                 19,840

Returns outwards                                                                             13,407

Allowance for doubtful debts                                                          512

Discounts allowed                                                                            2,306

Discounts received                                                                          1,750

Purchases                                                                                         135,680

Returns inwards                                                                               5,624

Carriage outwards                                                                           4,562

Drawings                                                                                           18,440

Carriage inwards                                                                              11,830

Rent, rates and insurance                                                              25,973

Heating and lighting                                                                         11,010

Postage, stationery and telephone                                               2,410

Advertising                                                                                        5,980

Salaries and wages                                                                         38,521

Bad debts                                                                                          2,008

Cash in hand                                                                                    534

Cash at bank                                                                                    4,440

Inventory as at 1^st April 2019                                                         15,654

Trade accounts receivable                                                             24,500

Fixtures and fittings - at cost                                                          120,740

Prov. for depreciation on fixtures and fittings – 31/03/2020     63,020

Depreciation                                                                                     12,074

The following additional information as at 31^st March, 2020 is available:

(a) Inventory at the close of business was valued at K17,750

(b) Insurances have been prepaid by K1,120

(c) Heating and lighting is accrued by K1,360

(d) Rates have been prepaid by K5,435

(e) The allowance for doubtful debts is to be adjusted so that it is 3% of trade accounts receivable.

Required:

For the year 2020, prepare Mr Kumar’s:

1. Unadjusted Trial Balance as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

2. General Journal recording the adjustments highlighted above.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

3. Trading, Profit or Loss statement for the year ended 31^st March, 2020.

[10 Marks]

4. Statement of financial position as at 31^st March, 2020.

                                                                                                                              [10 Marks]

[Total: 40 Marks]

A firm wants to finance an investment that would produce an annual EBIT of $415,000 by issuing 850 ten-year zero-coupon bonds (each with $1,000 face value) that will be charged a market interest rate of 8%. Suppose the bonds will be issued on January 1, 2020 and will mature on December 31, 2029.

Assume EBIT is constant over time at $415,000 and the tax rate is 35%. Shown below are income statement templates for the years 2020 and 2029. You do not have to fill these in for credit on the exam, however, feel free to use them as guides for determining how the choice of financing will affect the firm's tax liability for these years. Specifically, determine

a) How much the firm saves in taxes in 2020 and how much the firm saves in taxes in 2029 by having this 10-year bond on its books (relative to the case without any borrowing)? (Don't worry about discounting these tax savings back to the present, just consider the nominal dollar amounts.)

b) How much the firm saves in taxes in 2020 and 2029 in present value terms by having this 10-year bond on its books (again, relative to the case without any borrowing). Assume that January 1, 2020 is the "present," the discount rate is 8%, and the taxes would be paid on December 31 of the statement year.

Income statement for 2020 (Jan 1 - Dec 31, 2020)

Income statement for 2029 (Jan 1 - Dec 31, 2029)