Advances in genetic technology like genetic and genomic testing and gene editing are transforming human biological sciences, but are creating new ethical dilemmas. Here, we address the implications of direct-to-consumer genetic testing.

**Note--link to NPR story below is now functional
FDA Approves Marketing of Consumer Genetic Tests (NPR, 4/7/17) (Links to an external site https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/04/07/522897473/fda-approves-marketing-of-consumer-genetic-tests-for-some-conditions

I had My DNA Picture Taken, With Varying Results (New York Times, 12/30/13) (Links to an external site. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/31/science/i-had-my-dna-picture-taken-with-varying-results.html

Read the two articles (links below) and then address the following questions in your post.

Would you be interested in having such a genetic test done? Why or why not? If you have had a consumer DNA test done and would like to share your experiences, you are welcome to do so.

Would you want to know if you were destined to contract an incurable degenerative disease such as Huntington's disease or Alzheimer's later in life? Would the results of such a test cause you to alter your lifestyle?

What concerns (with regard to ethics, privacy, etc.) might arise with the widespread use of such tests?

The CEO of a large corporation asks his Human Resource (HR) director to study absenteeism among its executive-level managers at its head office during the year. A random sample of 30 executive-level managers reveals the following:

              Absenteeism: Sample mean = 7.3 days, Sample standard deviation = 6.2 days

              18 mid-level managers out of the 30 randomly selected mid-level managers cite stress as a cause of absence.

1. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate for the mean number of absences for mid-level managers during the year.
2. Construct a 98% confidence interval estimate for the population proportion of mid-level managers who cite stress as a cause of absence.
3. What sample size is needed to have 95% confidence in estimating the population mean absenteeism to within ±1.5 days if the population standard deviation is estimated to be 8 days?
4. How many mid-level managers need to be selected to have 99% confidence in estimating population proportion of mid-level managers who cite stress as a cause of absence to within ±0.075 if no previous estimate is available?

4)           Sam and Hannah, own a restaurant in Edison, New Jersey, and want to study the dining characteristics of their customers. They decide to focus on two variables: the amount of money spent by customers and whether customers order dessert. The results from a sample of 61 customers are as follows:

              Amount spent: Sample mean = $45.83, Sample standard deviation = $6.27

              17 out of the randomly selected 61 customers, purchased dessert.

1. Construct a 98% confidence interval estimate for the population mean amount spent per customer in the restaurant.
2. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate for the population proportion of customers who purchase dessert.

Their rival Jim owns a competing restaurant. He wishes to conduct a similar survey in his restaurant. However, he does not have access to the information that Sam and Hannah have obtained from the survey they conducted. Jim wants to know the following:

3. What sample size is needed to have 99% confidence of estimating the population mean amount spent in his restaurant to within ±$2.60, assuming that the population standard deviation is estimated to be $9?

4. How many customers need to be selected to have 95%confidence of estimating the population proportion of customers who purchase dessert to within±0.04?

A hospital human resource manager wants to investigate the relationship between burnout and nurses being absent from work. The manager collects absence and "psychological burnout" from a random sample of nurses at the hospital. What can the manger conclude with an α of 0.10?

a) What is the appropriate statistic?
---Select one--- (na, Correlation, Slope, Chi-Square)
Compute the statistic selected in a):  

b) Input the appropriate value(s) to make a decision about H₀.
(Hint: Make sure to write down the null and alternative hypotheses to help solve the problem.)
p-value =  ; Decision:  ---Select one--- (Reject H0, Fail to reject H0)

c) Using the SPSS results, compute the corresponding effect size(s) and indicate magnitude(s).
If not appropriate, input and/or select "na" below.
effect size =  ;    ---Select one--- (na, trivial effect, small effect, medium effect, large effect)

d) Make an interpretation based on the results.

a. There is a significant positive relationship between being absent from work and burnout.

b. There is a significant negative relationship between being absent from work and burnout.

c. There is no significant relationship between being absent from work and burnout.

Some researchers claim that herbal supplements such as ginseng or ginkgo biloba enhance human memory.  To test this claim, a researcher selects a sample of n = 25 college students.  Each student is given a ginkgo biloba supplement daily for six weeks and then all the participants are given a standardized memory test.  Scores on the test are normally distributed with μ = 70 and σ = 15.  The sample of n = 25 students had a mean score of M = 75.  Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the herb has a significant effect on memory?  Use a two-tailed test with α = .05.

1. State the Independent and Dependent Variables
2. State the Null Hypothesis in words and symbols.

b State the alternative Hypothesis in words and symbols.

3. Compute the appropriate statistic.
4. What is the decision (Retain or Reject)
5. State the full conclusion in words

Effect

Direction

Size of Effect

Create a research hypothesis about Human Resource Management that would be answered using either a z- or a t- test
(PLEASE TYPE THE ANSWERS)(STATISTICS 500)

1. Introduction: Brief description of the study including the purpose and importance of the research question being asked.

2. What is the null hypothesis? What is the research hypothesis?

3. Participants/Sampling Method: Describe your sampling method. What is your sample size? Who is your population of interest? How representative is the sample of the population under study?

4. Data Analysis: Describe the statistical analysis. What is your variable? What is its level of measurement? What is your alpha level?

5. Results & Discussion: Did you reject the null hypothesis? What information did you use to lead you to your conclusion? Was your p value greater than or less than your alpha? NOTE: You can just make up numbers, but include your made-up p value

You have been recently hired in the human resources department at the company you have always dreamed of working for. At the end of your first day, your manager, I.M. DeBoss, on her way out of the office says to you: “So Mr./Ms. Jones, what things come to mind when you think of the word 'ethics'?" Before you can answer, she asks you if you believe ethics are important for a company and if so why do you feel that way? Not letting up, because she is DeBoss, she then asks you if you think your views on ethics have evolved based on your life experiences or do you believe as suggested in the 60 Minutes piece, “Born good? Babies help unlock the origins of Morality,” that your ethics DNA was established at birth and why?

Just as you are about to respond to her, she says “I am sorry Mr./Ms. Jones but I really have to run but I want to continue our conversation tomorrow.” You are relieved because you will have a night to ponder her questions and wow her with your responses tomorrow. How would you respond to your manager?

The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) hopes to manage natural capital for improved human wellbeing for centuries to come. Among the ways it does this is to come to an agreement on a 10 yr strategic plan for the CBD that carries within it specific targets. Some of those targets address drivers of biodiversity loss, some address global conservation goals and some try to manage the financial landscape within which biodiversity investments are made. Each country then constructs its own National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan to feed into the global goals. A) What are the CBD targets that have explicit economic content? B) why are they important to achieving biodiversity conservation objectives? C) is the national level the best level to address these economically oriented targets? If so, why so? If not, why not?

Q4. Human blood is grouped into four types: A, B, AB & O. Type O blood can be transfused to anyone (the universal donor) while people with Type AB blood can receive any blood type (the universal recipient). A country is recruiting soldiers but unsuccessful applicants accuse there exists discrimination on their blood type—too many Type A & B applicants are rejected while too many Type O & AB applicants are accepted. Use goodness-of-fit test, test whether the number of recruited soldiers in each blood type are different from the country’s national proportion significantly at the level of significance of 5%.

Human resource management activities like recruiting, selecting, training, and rewarding employees is not just a job for a centralized HR group for an organization, but is rather a concern for every manager and something they all should engage in. This is especially critical for small businesses where there is usually no specified HR staff to reply upon. The success of the entrepreneur is often dependent upon their effectiveness in recruiting, hiring, training, evaluating, and rewarding. Each week you will be given a case study to complete based upon a single company. The company is Laurel Laundry and is co-owned and managed by Erica Laurel.  

Laurel Laundry Services

Erica Laurel graduated from college in January, and, after considering several jobs and job offers, decided to do what she always planned to do - go into business with her father, Jack Laurel.

Jack Laurel opened his first coin laundromat in 1999 and his second in 2002. The main attraction of these coin laundry businesses for him was that they were capital - rather than labor intensive. Thus, once the investment in machinery was made, the stores could be run with just a single unskilled attendant and none of the labor problems one normally expects from being in the retail service business.

The attractiveness of operating with virtually no skilled labor notwithstanding, Jack had decided about 5 years ago to expand the services in each of his stores to include the dry cleaning and pressing of clothes. He embarked, in other words, on a strategy of "related diversification" by adding new services that were related to and consistent with his existing coin laundry activities. He added these for several reasons: he wanted to better utilize the unused space in the rather large stores he currently had under lease, he was tired of passing along profits to a dry cleaner 5 miles away. To reflect the newly expanded line of services, he renamed each of his stores Laurel Laundry Services and was sufficiently satisfied with their performance to open four more of the same type of stores over the next 4 years. Each store had its own on-site manager and, on average, about seven employees with annual revenues of about $500,000. It was this six-store chain that Erica joined after graduating.

Her understanding with her father was that she would serve as a troubleshooter/consultant to the elder Laurel with the aim of both learning the business and bringing it modern management concepts and techniques for solving the business's problems and facilitating its growth.

She is asking for your help. Acting as a consultant for Erica, prepare a report on the following:

1. List and describe several (at least 4) human resource management issues Laurel Laundry might encounter, either now or in the future?
2. Which of those concerns would you look to take on first and why?

Be sure to provide actionable suggestions to Erica while keeping in mind the costs associated with any suggestion made.