The use of DNA analysis to identify individuals is known as
A. PCR testing B. DNA fingerprinting C. cloning D. None of these
DNA identification of individuals is possible because
A. individuals, other than identical twins, are genetically unique
B. a different restriction enzyme is needed to cut each person’s DNA
C. a different species of bacteria is needed for the DNA library of each person
D. each person’s DNA uses a different set of bases
Which of the following sources would NOT be suitable for DNA fingerprinting analysis?
A. saliva B. hair C. semen D. red blood cells E. urine
Small circular DNA molecules accompanying the main DNA of the bacterial chromosome in a bacterial cell are called
A. jumping genes B. ligases C. polymerases D. plasmids
Procedures that manipulate the genes of organisms are referred to as
A. DNA fingerprinting C. genetic engineering
B. bacteriophages D. new genetics
Your child is taking an antibiotic that blocks ribosomes in the pathogenic (disease-causing) bacteria from binding with mRNA. Which of the following processes will not occur in the pathogenic bacteria?
A. transcription B. photosynthesis C. translation D. osmosis
In: Biology
[Briefly explain and answer 1-3]
1.Experimentally, using both kinetic and other
approaches, how would you distinguish between an irreversible and a
reversible inhibitor? Assume that the inhibitor is a low molecular
weight compound.
2.In enzyme kinetics, a key point in the generation of
meaningful data is the accurate measurement of the initial
velocity. What are the problems associated with the determination
of the initial rates? What approaches can be used to avoid these
problems?
3.During a protein purification procedure, the following takes place:
a.The sample is prepared, homogenized, boiled, and ammonium sulfate is added the supernatant. The protein that is of interest precipitates along with 5 other proteins.
b.The ammonium sulfate pellet is resuspended in a 6M urea buffer.
c.Upon clarification of the resuspended pellet, the supernatant is loaded onto a CM column.
d.Several proteins come off during the column wash.
Two proteins come off as we elute the proteins using a salt
gradient.
What information can be gained from (a) relative to our protein of interest?
What information can be gained from (d) relative to our protein of interest?
Propose a method to separate the two proteins that
eluted from (d).
In: Biology
Jacob and Monod discovered a constitutive mutation of the lacI gene (lacIC). Bacteria with the chromosomal genotype lacIC lacO+ lacZ+ lacY+ express high levels of both β-galactosidase and lactose permease in either the presence or absence of lactose. Which of the following mutations could have yielded this phenotype?
The mutant lacIC protein is unable to bind cAMP.
The mutant lacIC protein is unable to bind the lacO+ DNA sequence.
The mutant lacIC protein is unable to bind allolactose.
The mutant lacIC operator cannot bind CAP
Either the mutant lacIC protein is unable to bind the lacO+ DNA sequence or the mutant lacIC operator cannot bind CAP could explain these results.
You have taken a new job in a forensic laboratory, and your task
is to use PCR to test for the presence of specific sequences in
very small quantities of DNA. What components do you require for
this task?
A plasmid vector containing T3 and T7 primer sites.
Genome-specific primers, dNTPs, and Taq polymerase
E. coli DNA polymerase
A thermostable reverse transcriptase enzyme from hot springs
bacteria
In: Biology
Answer and explain the choice of your answer.
James 28-year-old has a history of multiple unprotected sexual partners comes to clinic because of low-grade fever and rash. He also complained of recurrent fatigue, headache, malaise and sore throat for almost two years. Physical examination reveals 38.9 grade fever, mucosal ulceration, inflamed tonsils and mild lymphadenopathy. Rashes on his face, lower and upper trunk is also present.
Laboratory results showed anemia (hematrocrit 37%) with marked decrease in total white blood cell count and absolute lymphocyte count.
Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis?
a) acute HIV
b) latent HIV
c) HIV infection
d) AIDS
If James is suspected of retroviral infection, which of the
following is the most appropriate laboratory test to aid in the
diagnosis?
a) Cell culture
b) Enzyme Immunoassay
c) Western Blot
d) Nucleic Acid Test
Marked decrease in total white blood cell count in this disease
is a result of which of the following mechanisms?
a) defective cell-mediated immunity
b) leukopenia
c) helper T cell destruction
d) apoptosis
In: Nursing
Background information:
1. Temperature-sensitive cell cycle (cdc) mutants are important tools for studying cell cycle. These mutants grow and divide normally at low temperature but express the mutant phenotype at higher temperature.
2. Hydroxyurea inhibits the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase, and thus blocks DNA synthesis. Hydroxyurea inhibition of cell cycle can be overcome by changing the incubation media to remove the drug.
Experimental design and results:
A. A culture of cdcx mutations is incubated at 37°C for two hours (the approximately length of the cell cycle in yeast), and then transferred to a medium containing hydroxyurea at 20°C.
a. None of the cdcx mutants divide.
B. You first incubate cdcx cells at 20°C for 2 hours with hydroxyurea, and then transfer them to a medium without the drug at 37°C.
a. The cdcx mutants divide once.
C. You repeat these two experiments with the cdcy mutant cells.
a. The cdcy mutant cells do not divide in either experiment.
· Identify what phase of the cell cycle the cdcx mutant cells are blocked at for the restrictive temperature. Provide reasoning.
· Identify what phase of the cell cycle the cdcx mutant cells are blocked at for the restrictive temperature. Provide reasoning.
In: Biology
What kinds of materials obtained from a crime scene might contain DNA? (2 pts)
Consider the following DNA molecule
5ʹ CCTTGGGGCCAATTGGCCGTACCGAATTCGCCGAATTCCGGAATTGGCCTACGGGCTCGGGCCGG 3ʹ
3ʹ GGAACCCCGGTTAACCGGCATGGCTTAAGCGGCTTAAGGCCTTAACCGGATGCCCGAGCCCGGCC 5ʹ
How many bp is the original fragment? (1 point)
The enzyme HaeIII has the following restriction site 5ʹ GG˅CC 3ʹ
3ʹ CC˄GG 5ʹ
If digested with HaeIII, how many fragments are formed if the DNA is linear? (1 point)
If digested with HaeIII, how many fragments are formed if the DNA is circular? (1 point)
Consider the following DNA molecule
5ʹ ATTCGCGAATTCGGTACCGAATTGGCAGATTCGCCGAATTCCCGTACGGAATTAGTTAAC 3ʹ
3ʹ TAAGCGCTTAAGCCATGGCTTAACCGTCTAAGCGGCTTAAGGGCATGCCTTAATCAATTG 5ʹ
How many bp is the original fragment? (1 point)
(Recognition site for EcoRI is given previously)
If digested with EcoRI, how many fragments are formed if the DNA is linear? (1 point)
If digested with EcoRI, how many fragments are formed if the DNA is circular? (1 point)
Using the results from question #2 (for linear DNA), draw the results on a gel( “—“ = the well). Well A contains the complete, intact, undigested sample/sequence; well B contains digested sample/sequence. (4 points)
A B
In: Biology
94.) The small fold of tissue that secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth is called
the lingual philtrum
the lingual frenulum
uvula
the labial frenulum
95.) Extrinsic salivary glands differ from intrinsic salivary glands because
intrinsic glands are completely within the mouth and are regulated by the somatic (voluntary) nervous system
extrinsic glands are outside the mouth and are regulated by the somatic (voluntary) nervous system
extrinsic glands are outside the mouth and are regulated by the autonomic nervous system
extrinsic glands are completely within the mouth and are regulated by the autonomic nervous system
96.) The microscopic functional units of the liver, endocrine pancreas and exocrine pancreas are called_____
the hepatic triade, the acinus and the islet of Langerhans
the acinus, the lobule and the islet of Langerhans
the islet of Langerhans, the lobule and the acinus
the lobule, the islet of Langerhans and the acinus
97.) __________ is an overabundance of billirubin (a bile pigment) in the blood.
Jaundice
Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Ureamia
Pancreatitis
98.) Pancreatic zymogens are primarily activated in the duodenum by
the alkaline pH found in the duodenum
Pepsinogen from chief cells
the acidic pH found in the duodenum
the brush boarder enzyme enterokinase
zymogens don’t need to be activated as they are already functional
In: Anatomy and Physiology
please give me every single question answers in your own words with reference.
In: Anatomy and Physiology
Ms. Johnson, age 57, was referred to the gastroenterologist for chronic digestive problems. For at least a year, she said, her stomach ached after eating a small meal. It seemed like the dull pain she experienced, and the sensation of fullness, had increased recently. Ms. Johnson also felt abdominal cramping, and sometimes nausea, at times other than after eating.
After taking a complete history and performing a physical examination, the gastroenterologist ordered several tests. Her conclusion was that Ms. Johnson had chronic gastritis caused by an infection with a bacterium.
QUESTIONS
In: Biology
Case Study
The hospice nurse sat with Ann's husband, Ben. Ann was resting quietly as the increased dosage of IV pain medication gradually reached its therapeutic level. Ben turned his head and slowly turned, looking out the room's only window. As he glanced up, a small flicker of light caught his breath. It was a shooting star. A tear fell from the corner of his eye and he turned to Ann. The nurse sensed that something significant to Ann and Ben was unfolding. Shuffling to Ann's bedside, he took her small fragile hand in his. These hands had rocked cradles, burped babies, and groomed the horses she loved to ride. Gently holding her hand, he turned to the nurse. "She would ride like the wind was chasing her." Looking back to Ann his voice broke; choking back tears "Ann, Ann I saw Jessie…Jessie is calling." Ben turned "Jessie was our daughter. She died having a baby that was too big. When she died it was a pitch-black night. Cold, so cold, the baby died too, a little boy, named him Abe, Jr. after Jessie's husband. I took Ann outside so she could cry to God above and there in this dark sky we saw two falling stars…together…just falling. We knew it had to be Jessie and Abe…two angels to light up the night." Ben turned back as a deep sigh escaped from Ann's lips. A soft smile remained as she joined Jessie and Abe.
In: Nursing