1. The person known to history as "Typhoid Mary" was identified by public health officials as a source of typhoid fever, although she reported she had never had typhoid fever. Which of the following is the most accurate description of her in this scenario? A) human carrier B) contact carrier C) reservoir D) both a human carrier and a reservoir E) a reservoir but not a carrier

2. Which of the following mucous membranes has cilia to aid shedding? A) urinary system B) lower respiratory system C) mouth D) nasal cavity E) mouth, nasal cavity, and urinary system

3. Which of the following proteins of the complement cascade is an opsonin?  A) factor P B) MAC C) C3a D) C5a E) factor B

4. A person produces a mutated C3 protein resulting in C3a failing to stick, but enzymatic function is not affected. Complement activation in this individual would result in which of the following? A) MACs would form but inflammation would not occur. B) Phagocytosis would be facilitated but chemotaxis by phagocytes would be reduced. C) Phagocytes would be attracted to the site of infection but phagocytosis would be impaired. D) MACs would not form. E) Phagocytes would not be attracted to the site of infection.

Q2. Cell division cycle mutations render the mutants unable to continue the cell cycle. This phenotype creates a paradox where mutant cells must also be grown in the lab to further identify the gene and study the role of the protein. How do you think this problem can be solved?

Q5. Although mutations have been observed in many different genes, they have not been isolated in histones. Why does this seem reasonable? If one wanted to produce antibodies to histones, would it be an easy task? Explain your answer.

Q6. It is possible to take the DNA of a gene from any source and place it on a chromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. When you take DNA of a human gene and put it into a yeast cell chromosome, the yeast cell can synthesize the human protein. However, when you remove the DNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome in the nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correct protein, even though the gene comes from the same organism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensure that such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?    

Q9. Describe the general relationship that may exist between mutations and cancer.

1. A severe disease that is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait is more likely to skip generations in a pedigree than an autosomal recessive trait that cuases a harmless phenotypic variant because

a) all autosomal recessive traits skip generations

b) a person with the harmless variant is less likely to reproduce than a person with the disease

c) a person with an autosomal recessive disease is less likely to be well enough to reproduce than a person with a harmless trait variant

d) all inborn errors of metabolism are are dominant

2. In a human pedigree that traces the inheritance of albinism, a filled square represents a ______

a) male with albinism

b) female with albinism

c) heterozygous male

d) heterozygous female

3. In a human pedigree that traces the inheritance of sickle cell disease, a half-filled circle represents a ____

a) male with the disease

b) female with the disease

c) heterozygous male

d) heterozygous female

4. Which of the following genotypes is homozygous?

a) RrYY

b) RRYY

c) RryY

d)RrYy

5. For two traits A and B with two alleles each, the genotypes of the gametes that a heterozygote would produce are_____

a) AB,Ab,aB,ab

b) AB,ab

c) Ab and ab

d) AB, ab, Ab

Case study 5
Metro company, for example in Egypt, attracts a huge number of candidates for employment every year.
The company organizers require methods to recruit new staffs. Railway transport in Egypt has declined
over the past decade in terms of both infrastructure availability and transport capacity, especially in the area
of freight transport. This is due to:
• Competition from road haulage;
• Longer delivery times due to the priority given to passenger transport;
• Complicated formalities;
• Cross-border differences in infrastructure and staffing.
Ms. Ramaa is nominated as a human resource manager in one of the largest rail Service Company in the
Egypt. She has to manage the work of the department and implement the functions of Human Resources
management. She has to follow all rules of the company without discrimination.
Questions:
1. Is retaining employees an issue only for rail Service Company in the Egypt? Discuss.
(3 marks- Answer in 75-100 words)
2. Examine the challenges that Ms. Ramaa would face in retaining talented employees.
(3 marks- Answer in 75-100 words)
3. Suggest and explain any four activities which rail Service Company in Egypt can implement in
retaining their employees. (4 mark

Part I: Origins of Psychology

Within psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. The seven major perspectives in modern psychology are psychoanalytic, behaviorist, humanist, cognitive, neuroscientific/biopsychological, evolutionary, and sociocultural. Describe the perspectives, using two to three sentences each. Select one major figure associated with one of the perspectives and describe his or her work in two to three sentences. Type your response in the space below.

Part II: Research Methods

Describe research methods used in psychology by completing the following table. Then, select two of the research methods, and compare and contrast them. Your response must be at least 75 words.

Describe one ethical issue related to research. Why is informed consent necessary for ethical research?

Part III: The Brain

Studying the functions and elements of the brain is essential to understanding human behavior.

1.      Why do psychologists study twins? Why do psychologists study children who have been adopted? What can be learned from these types of studies?

2.      What are the functions of neurotransmitters and hormones? How do they influence the brain and behavior?

human nutrition.

1. Protein is important but man cannot live on one macro nutrient ( Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat). The best way to eat well is by consuming a variety of foods, I know you have heard that before. Please lists 5 things protein, carbohydrates and lipids(fats) do for the human body. You will have to refer to the previous chapters.

2. Does the Paleo diet provide you what you need, would this be an easy diet to comply with? Would this diet be good for you and why?

4. Your friend has convinced you to try to eat a vegetarian diet. You are very active and like to workout and your friend tells you that before you start on this new dietary lifestyle you have to explain the difference between a complete and incomplete proteins. When you know this it will assure you are getting the right kind of protein. Please explain the difference between a complete and incomplete protein and what foods fall within these 2 categories, list 4 foods in each group of complete and incomplete protein.

5. Create a 1 day vegetarian menu for yourself and let us know what kind of vegetarian diet you following

I have a quiz for the cell structures and their functions. Please answer these questions.

1. CHEEK CELLS

Cheek cells are not the major producers of mucus in the mouth, they do produce a small amount of mucopolysaccharide. What inclusions should be especially numerous in the cytoplasm of these cells in order to make and excrete such a substance? What function does their flat shape provide?

2. BLOOD SMEAR (FROG & HUMAN)

How they differ? How is each adapted to the metabolic level of its owners? What is the function of these cells? What is the natural selection benefit of removing nuclei and mitochondria from the human red blood cells?

3. LEAF TISSUE (cross section)

Is there a cell membrane? A cell wall? Note the green pigment in the chloroplasts. Is green color found outside of chloroplasts? Why?

4. GIANT MULTIPOLAR NEURON

Look for the long fibers that support the processes. What cytoskeletal components are these composed of? Can you suggest a function for this characteristic?

5.SPERM (frog)

How do this structure and size relate to the function of a sperm?

6. ADIPOSE TISSUE

Look for cell boundaries and nuclei in the cytoplasmic areas. Can you suggest a function of these fat cells?

7.EPITHELIUM (columnar)

What is the internal structure of microvilli? What is their function?

6. Most of the laws enacted that affect nutrition, food, and health are passed to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) for implementation in public health services.

True

False

7. Students enrolled in a community nutrition course were required to identify the government agency responsible for administering nutrition monitoring and other nutrition surveillance activities of the DHHS, which is known as:

A) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

B) U.S. Department of Treasury.

C) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

D) U.S. Department of Agriculture.

E) U.S. Department of Education.

8.The U.S. judicial branch:

A) interprets the laws and settles legal disagreements.

B) includes the president and presidential cabinet.

C) All of these are correct.

D) None of these is correct.

9. Nutrition research, nutrition monitoring, and which of the following are all intertwined by a complex set of interrelationships?

A) Nutrition education

B) Nutrition policy

C) Nutrition management

D) Nutrition lobbyists

10. Which of the following increases the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics’ visibility and access to public policymakers, consequently increasing the power of dietetics professionals’ views on important legislative issues?

A) Grassroots liaison committee

B) Legislative network coordinators

C) Political action committee

84. Gluten is a mix of proteins found in

1. soy and corn.
2. seeds and nuts.
3. wheat, rye, and barley.
4. sugar, beans, and dairy.

85. Carb cycling (high/low carb) is often used for what purpose?

1. Fast weight loss
2. Fast weight gain
3. Reduce A1C levels
4. Reduce blood pressure

86. Functional foods are divided into four categories: modified foods, conventional foods, medical foods, and

1. clinical foods.
2. special dietary foods.
3. unconventional foods.
4. non-genetically modified foods.

87. What is the most influential sense when consuming food?

1. Feel
2. Sight
3. Smell
4. Taste

88. While the amount diminishes over time, how many taste buds does every human have?

1. Between 1,000 and 2,000
2. Approximately 3,000
3. Between 9,000 and 10,000
4. Approximately 100,000

89. Small, vaporized molecules of food, detected by the human nose, are called

1. villus
2. odor molecules
3. volatile molecules
4. olfactory molecules

90. What term describes urban areas where it is difficult to afford or find quality whole foods?

1. Food deserts.
2. Nutrient deficient zones.
3. Poor consumption regions.
4. Geographically food deficient.