6.

Pastina Company sells various types of pasta to grocery chains as private label brands. The company's fiscal year-end is December 31. The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2018, appears below.

Information necessary to prepare the year-end adjusting entries appears below.

Depreciation on the office equipment for the year is $12,000.

Employee salaries and wages are paid twice a month, on the 22nd for salaries and wages earned from the 1st through the 15th, and on the 7th of the following month for salaries and wages earned from the 16th through the end of the month. Salaries and wages earned from December 16 through December 31, 2018, were $1,400.

On October 1, 2018, Pastina borrowed $40,000 from a local bank and signed a note. The note requires interest to be paid annually on September 30 at 12%. The principal is due in 10 years.

On March 1, 2018, the company lent a supplier $10,000 and a note was signed requiring principal and interest at 9% to be paid on February 28, 2019.

On April 1, 2018, the company paid an insurance company $4,800 for a two-year fire insurance policy. The entire $4,800 was debited to insurance expense.

$900 of supplies remained on hand at December 31, 2018.

A customer paid Pastina $1,000 in December for 1,200 pounds of spaghetti to be delivered in January 2019. Pastina credited sales revenue.

On December 1, 2018, $2,400 rent was paid to the owner of the building. The payment represented rent for December 2018 and January 2019, at $1,200 per month.

Required:
Prepare the necessary December 31, 2018, adjusting journal entries.

Answer the followring question.

1. Hiring of employees is an important factor in every food service business. Identify some tools of foodservice management that are needed to ensure that you have hired the best person for a specific job.
2. Explain and discuss the applications of computerized information systems for managing various subsystems of foodservice, nutrition and hospitality. How can this be applied in your place of work?
3. As a manager of a food service, how can you manage the natural resources in your environment? Give a concrete example.
4. To ensure the cleanliness and the quality of food products in the food service, how do you manage the control of the establishment’s sanitation and safety? Give example s based from your experience.
5. As a food service manager, how are you going to deal with the different kinds of customers and make this an asset to customer focus?
6. As a foodservice manager, what are some ways to provide great customer service during a Crisis(COVID 19)? Give some concrete examples based from your own experience and or from your food service organization.
7. Long –term planning in the food service is important, cite some examples on how you can deal with the following:

1. Disaster planning
2. Food safety and Bioterrorism
3. New and changing occupational profiles

8. What is fiscal management? How important is it in the managing of a food service? Explain how revenues and expenses flow through the financial statements and how do you analyse the budget figures to compare projections to actuals.
9. As a foodservice manager, how are you going to solve the following revenue problems in order for you to have a profitable and successful food service operation?

Revenue Problems

[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.]

Pastina Company sells various types of pasta to grocery chains as private label brands. The company's fiscal year-end is December 31. The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2018, appears below.

Information necessary to prepare the year-end adjusting entries appears below.

Depreciation on the office equipment for the year is $8,000.

Employee salaries and wages are paid twice a month, on the 22nd for salaries and wages earned from the 1st through the 15th, and on the 7th of the following month for salaries and wages earned from the 16th through the end of the month. Salaries and wages earned from December 16 through December 31, 2018, were $900.

On October 1, 2018, Pastina borrowed $46,800 from a local bank and signed a note. The note requires interest to be paid annually on September 30 at 12%. The principal is due in 10 years.

On March 1, 2018, the company lent a supplier $16,800 and a note was signed requiring principal and interest at 8% to be paid on February 28, 2019.

On April 1, 2018, the company paid an insurance company $3,400 for a two-year fire insurance policy. The entire $3,400 was debited to insurance expense.

$560 of supplies remained on hand at December 31, 2018.

A customer paid Pastina $1,080 in December for 900 pounds of spaghetti to be delivered in January 2019. Pastina credited sales revenue.

On December 1, 2018, $1,200 rent was paid to the owner of the building. The payment represented rent for December 2018 and January 2019, at $600 per month.

6. Prepare a post-closing trial balance.

Pastina Company sells various types of pasta to grocery chains as private label brands. The company's reporting year-end is December 31. The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2021, appears below.

Information necessary to prepare the year-end adjusting entries appears below.

1. Depreciation on the office equipment for the year is $11,400.
2. Employee salaries are paid twice a month, on the 22nd for salaries earned from the 1st through the 15th, and on the 7th of the following month for salaries earned from the 16th through the end of the month. Salaries earned from December 16 through December 31, 2021, were $1,450.
3. On October 1, 2021, Pastina borrowed $52,800 from a local bank and signed a note. The note requires interest to be paid annually on September 30 at 12%. The principal is due in 10 years.
4. On March 1, 2021, the company lent a supplier $22,800 and a note was signed requiring principal and interest at 8% to be paid on February 28, 2022.
5. On April 1, 2021, the company paid an insurance company $8,800 for a one-year fire insurance policy. The entire $8,800 was debited to prepaid insurance.
6. $890 of supplies remained on hand at December 31, 2021.
7. A customer paid Pastina $3,400 in December for 1,450 pounds of spaghetti to be delivered in January 2022. Pastina credited deferred sales revenue.
8. On December 1, 2021, $2,400 rent was paid to the owner of the building. The payment represented rent for December 2021 and January 2022 at $1,200 per month. The entire amount was debited to prepaid rent.

Required:

1. & 2. Post the unadjusted balances and adjusting entires into the appropriate t-accounts

The following information applies to the questions displayed below.]

Pastina Company sells various types of pasta to grocery chains as private label brands. The company's fiscal year-end is December 31. The unadjusted trial balance as of December 31, 2018, appears below.

Information necessary to prepare the year-end adjusting entries appears below.

Depreciation on the office equipment for the year is $10,500.

Employee salaries and wages are paid twice a month, on the 22nd for salaries and wages earned from the 1st through the 15th, and on the 7th of the following month for salaries and wages earned from the 16th through the end of the month. Salaries and wages earned from December 16 through December 31, 2018, were $1,350.

On October 1, 2018, Pastina borrowed $60,900 from a local bank and signed a note. The note requires interest to be paid annually on September 30 at 12%. The principal is due in 10 years.

On March 1, 2018, the company lent a supplier $24,900 and a note was signed requiring principal and interest at 8% to be paid on February 28, 2019.

On April 1, 2018, the company paid an insurance company $5,200 for a two-year fire insurance policy. The entire $5,200 was debited to insurance expense.

$830 of supplies remained on hand at December 31, 2018.

A customer paid Pastina $1,620 in December for 1,350 pounds of spaghetti to be delivered in January 2019. Pastina credited sales revenue.

On December 1, 2018, $2,200 rent was paid to the owner of the building. The payment represented rent for December 2018 and January 2019, at $1,100 per month.

3. Prepare an adjusted trial balance.

Edom Company, the lessor, enters into a lease with Davis Company to lease equipment to Davis beginning January 1, 2016. The lease terms, provisions, and related events are as follows:

Required:

Confidence Intervals for a proportion and mean Do all steps in the confidence interval:

a) Check when easy the requirements for the interval (t-interval)

b) Create a summary of the information that goes into the interval

c) Write out the formula for the interval

d) Replace the symbols in the formula with the numbers from (b)

e) Produce the interval

f) Interpret the interval

In 1998, as an advertising campaign, the Nabisco Company announced a "1000 Chips Challenge," claiming that every 18-ounce bag of cookies contained at least 1000 chocolate chips. Students tested this by getting bags and counting. Create a 95% interval for the mean number of chocolate chips per bag.

An insurance company checks police records on 582 accidents selected at random and notes that teenagers were at the wheel in 91 of them. Create a 95% confidence interval for the percentage of all auto accidents that involve teenage drivers.

A company with a large fleet of cars hopes to keep gasoline costs down and sets a goal of attaining a fleet average of at least 26 miles per gallon. To see if the goal is being met, they check the gasoline usage for 50 company trips chosen at random, finding a mean of 25.02 mpg and a standard deviation of 4.83 mpg. Produce a 99% confidence interval for the average mpg.

A May 2007 Gallup Poll found that only 11% of a random sample of 1003 adults approved of attemps to clone a human. Produce a 90% confidence interval for the percentage of adults that approve of attempts to clone a human

The mayor of a small city suggested that the state locate a new prison there, arguing that the construction project and resulting jobs will be good for the local economy. A total of 2183 residents show up for a public hearing on the proposal, and a show of hands finds only 31 in favor of the prison project. What can the city council conclude about public support for the mayor's initiative? Produce a 98% confidence interval to answer the question.

PROMT: Climate Change Effects on Marine Iguana Mortality

1. Hypothesis: If the water temperature in the Galapagos Islands changed from being hot (around 77 degrees) to cold (under 70 degrees), then the mortality rate of Marine Iguanas will increase.
2. Variables: The independent variable is the temperature of the water that the Marine Iguanas live in. The dependent variable is the mortality rate of the Marine Iguanas. The mortality rate of the Marine Iguanas at the average water temperatures of their habitat.
3. Experimental Treatments: Iguana Group 1 will be water temperatures and marine iguana mortality rates before 1998. Iguana Group 2 will be water temperatures marine iguana mortality rates after 199
4. Prediction: By comparting the average water temperatures with the mortality rates every year before the sudden drop in the iguana population and after a trend will be able to be seen. If the water temperature is truly to blame for the mortality rate increase the water temperature will decrease as the population of Iguanas decreases. The control group is intended to show the average number of Iguanas that die due to other causes.

QUESTION ----->>>>> Write a detailed summary of what is wrong with the proposed study ^^^^^????

Your answer should use scientific vocabulary words and address the following questions.

1. Is the study feasible? Will it actually be possible to conduct the proposed study in a controlled manner that produces meaningful data? If there is more than one variable changing simultaneously, no controls, or no replication, then the study is unlikely to produce meaningful data. If there is no way to monitor an experiment in the environment, or no way to conduct the experiment in a controlled environment, like a laboratory, then the experiment is unlikely feasible
2. Can you tell from the text if the experiment is designed to be conducted by performing treatments, or by analyzing observational data about a species and its habitat
3. Is there a testable hypothesis? Is the study set up so that it will be possible to measure the effects in a quantifiable way? What will be measured? Is there a control group and a treatment group? Or, an independent variable like temperature, and a dependent variable like germination time
4. Could you graph the results of this experiment? If so, how would you do it? A column chart to show treatments and controls? A scatter plot or a line graph to look at how changes in the independent variable affect the dependent variable?

1.In the 1980s and 1990s many states passed Any-Willing-Provider (AWP) legislations that require managed care organizations to accept any provider into their network if the provider agreestotheconditions,termsandreimbursementrates. Supposeyouarehiredbyanagency to estimate the effect of AWP legislation on state-level hospital and physician expenditures (EXP). You have state-level data on expenditures, year AWP law passed, and demographic and health characteristics spanning 1980 through 1998. Note that both EXP and AWPvary across years and states. The state-level demographic and health characteristics include population density, percent of the population of African American race, HMO market share, real per capita income and unemployment rate. Assume that data are available for 50 states.

A.[20 Points] What approach would you use to estimate the effect of the policy change (i.e.,AWP) on total hospital and physician expenditures? Specify your model (the equation and important assumptions), and then explain your estimation approach.

B. [10 Points] Do we need to worry about potential endogeneity in AWP? Explain.

Hint:

You have panel data on 50 states (n= 50) and 9 years (t = 9). In part (A), set-up a linear panel data model with dependent variable EXP and key explanatory variable AWPit, other regressors (population,....unemployment rate), year dummies, individual effects and the idiosyncratic error term. Note AWPit = 1 if state i passed the law (or the law was in effect) during year t. Depending on the assumptions you make, you can in principle use fixed effects, random effects or first difference. You need to explain your chosen approach. The FE estimator might be preferable, though.

For part (B), explain why the AWP legislation might be endogenous. Basically, if the AWP legislation is related to the underlying changes in health expenditures, then AWP may be endogenous. This is the so called policy endogeneity. If states implement the legislation in response to upward trends in health expenditures, then AWP may be correlated with the idiosyncratic error term.

1. Define the terms expansion and recession. How is the existence of a recession determined?

2. What are the relative lengths of expansions versus recessions? How have the average lengths of each changed over time?

3. How is business cycle volatility measured? Has volatility changed over time?

4. Define the terms employed, unemployed, labor force, discouraged work- ers, and labor force participation rate.

5. What is seasonal data adjustment, and why do macroeconomists prefer to study seasonally adjusted data?

6. What is consumption smoothing, and how does it arise in the life-cycle model?

7. Suppose that you are given the following information about the labor market. The amounts shown are in thousands.

   1. (a) For each year, calculate the size of the labor force.

   2. (b) For each year, calculate the labor force participation rate.

   3. (c) For each year, calculate the unemployment rate.

   4. (d) Do the data suggest that the number of discouraged workers might have increased in a particular year? If so, which year?

8. Assume that the economy starts out in a steady state characterized by the following values: A = 4, N = 200, α = 0.5; and β = 0.3 Suppose that A rises for only one period to 4.5, and then returns to its initial value of 4.

   (a) Trace out the resulting time path for the capital-labor ratio and total output over the next four periods.

   1

2. (b) What are the new steady-state values for the capital-labor ratio and total output?

3. (c) In what sense does the path of output constitute a ”business cy- cle”? In what sense does the output path not constitute a ”busi- ness cycle”?

9. You
and a strong believer in real business cycle theory. For the past several months, economic and financial data have indicated that real. GDP is falling. The President has asked for your opinion about the correct policy response. What do you tell him?

The spreadsheet is for question 7, I dont know how it got moved to question 8. Thank you!