5) The Johny Pickles Brewing Company takes custom orders for seasonal brews and has two separate departments, brewing and packaging. The brewing department allocates overhead based on batches produced while the packaging department allocates overhead to orders based on machine hours worked in the department. The estimated overhead for the brewing department for the year is $18532 and the packaging department is estimated at $14413. It is estimated that the brewery will produce 253 batches during the year and will spend 1393 hours running the equipment to package those batches.  

At the end of the year, it is determined that 306 batches were actually produced and 1494 were used to package the product. The overhead amounts actually incurred by the brewing and packaging departments were $17664 and $12500 respectively.

What is the entry into the overhead account at the end of the year to balance the account? A credit would be entered as a negative and a debit as a positive. Round your answer to the whole dollar.

6) Hippity Hoppity Brew is a manufacturer of Small, Medium and Large size malting equipment for use in craft breweries across the United States and Canada. They are implementing an activity based cost (ABC) system and have compiled the following indirect cost information.

During the period, the Medium sized equipment line at Hippity Hoppity Brew used 650 machine hours, used 6200 square feet of floor space, received 63 orders, experienced 13 engineering changes and had 8 warranty claims. $121058 of direct labor and $72300 of direct material were charged towards the Medium sized equipment line during the year.

Under the ABC system, how much indirect cost was charged to the Medium line during the year? round your answer to the whole dollar.

7) Hippity Hoppity Brew is a manufacturer of Small, Medium and Large size malting equipment for use in craft breweries across the United States and Canada. They are implementing an activity based cost (ABC) system and have compiled the following indirect cost information.

During the period, the Medium sized equipment line at Hippity Hoppity Brew used 650 machine hours, used 6200 square feet of floor space, received 63 orders, experienced 13 engineering changes and had 8 warranty claims. $124560 of direct labor and $65776 of direct material were charged towards the Medium sized equipment line during the year.

Under the ABC system, how much total cost was charged to the Medium line during the year? round your answer to the whole dollar.

8) Sammy Skillet is hoping to make $3.51 on every gourmet breakfast bowl he sells at his recently opened restaurant. If his desired selling price is $7.73 per breakfast bowl, under the target pricing model, what are Sammy Skillet's target costs per breakfast bowl? Calculate your answer to two decimal places.

PLEASE SHOW ALL WORK IN EXCEL BY USING CONTROL~

Over the past several years, decommissioned U.S. warships have been turned into artificial reefs in the ocean by towing them out to sea and sinking them. The thinking was that sinking the ship would conveniently dispose of it while providing an artificial reef environment for aquatic life. In reality, some of the sunken ships have released toxins into the ocean and have been costly to decontaminate. In the late 1990s, at least two international conventions have made it all but impossible to export used warships for salvage without removing all military equipment, conducting a complete cleanup and cutting the ship into such comparatively small pieces as to make the entire exercise relatively expensive.

The new environmental regulations have made disposal of ships an expensive project. The United States has hundreds of mothballed warships, presenting an extremely expensive problem for military authorities and the government. Now the U.S. government is taking bids to instead dismantle and recycle ships that have recently been decommissioned (but have not been sunk yet.)

Assume that a recently decommissioned aircraft carrier, the USS Blaze, is estimated to contain 40 tons of recyclable materials able to be sold for approximately $32.8 million. About 90% of the value in old ships is the metals, including steel, copper, copper alloys, and lead that can be removed, sold for remelting, and reformed into new metal products. There are also some high-value metals; such as, nickel alloys, stainless steel, and titanium that can be found in some parts of all warships but may be present is such small quantities that recovery and resale may not be cost effective. The low bid for dismantling and transporting the ship materials to appropriate facilities is $34.5 million. Recycling and dismantling the ship would create about 500 jobs for about a year on the West Coast area. This geographic area has been experiencing record-high unemployment rates in recent years.

As an alternative, reefing these ships would create new habitats for underwater life and can be done using newer environmentally safe methods. These new artificial reefs would enhance fishery resources and facilitate the access and utilization by recreational and commercial fishermen. Artificial reefs can also increase tourism by attracting sport divers for recreational purposes. Academic organizations may be interested in using the site to study fish and other marine life which may open the door for more funding from these research activities. Research has shown that a new reef will attract 60,000 – 70,000 divers and add more than 10 million to the local tourism industry. Research has also shown that artificial reefs can substantially increase the population of reef-associated species. Within months the G. B. Church artificial reef in British Columbia had hundreds of encrusted individuals on its hull and within 2.5 years had seen an increase of nearly 100 species.

Reefing the ship would cost an estimated 800K (or $0.8 million) which includes cleaning of the vessel of toxics, oils and greases, PCB containing electrical and electronic equipment and other readily removable PCB containing equipment, local towing and docking, preparation (unspecified) and other incidental overhead items, insurance, and making the vessels safe for divers (diverizing). There will also be yearly maintenance costs in perpetuity.

1. Is it more financially advantageous to sink the ship or to dismantle and recycle it? Show your calculations. (Worth 4 pts.)

Recycling=$32,800,000

Dismantle and transport=$34,500,000

Reefing the ship= $800,000

To dismantle and recycle the ship would cost, 34,500,000-32,800,000=$1,700,000, while sinking/reefing the ship would cost $800,000. This means that it would be more financially advantageous to sink or reef the ship because it would save a total of $900,000.

2. From a sustainability standpoint, what should be done with the decommissioned aircraft carrier? (Worth 4 pts.)

3. List some of the other quantitative and qualitative factors that should enter into this analysis. (Worth 10 pts.)

4. As a taxpayer(s), which action would you prefer (sink or recycle)? Defend your answer. (Worth 4 pts.)

Urban owns a valuable 10 acre plot of property which he wants to divide in half (into two 5 acre parcels) and sell one of the halves. He tells Lovie that he can build 100 apartments on one of the halves, and specifically describes where the property lines would be (“It goes out to that tree, then to the water, then back…”). Lovie agrees to buy half from Urban, “as is” and they arrange to have the land surveyed. Urban was present when the survey was done and saw where stakes were pounded into the ground to mark the property boundary lines. Urban didn’t like where the lot lines were set because he would have been forced to keep a less valuable part of the property that was partially under water because of wetlands. After the surveyor left, and while Lovie was not present, Urban went onto the property and, without consent, moved the stakes marking the lot lines to make them MUCH more favorable to him. As a result, Lovie got less usable and valuable property than he bargained for and less than he was told he would get. Because of the wetlands on the property with the “revised” lot lines (as changed by Urban), there was no way Lovie could have built 100 apartments on the property. Can Lovie sue Urban? If so, under what legal theory? Identify the relevant theory (s) and analyze it, i.e. apply the theory to the facts and tell me who wins (and why).

If all we can observe are things inside the observable universe, how do we know that anything even exists outside this boundary? I can see four ways of solving this problem.

1) We wait a while, the observable universe should get 'larger', so we should be able to observe more. I don't think this is practical though, since telescopes have only existed for a hundred years or so, whereas the age of the universe is many degrees larger. Also, galaxies are expanding outwards, so they will probably escape the observable universe horizon before we can observe them.

2) We go to another planet, and the 'centre' of the observable universe there is different, so in effect we can 'see' further then we could before. This is also impractical, we can't travel large enough distances for this effect to even have an inkling of an effect.

3) No way of knowing. All the matter that is within the observable universe could be all that there is, and we would have no way of knowing if anything even exists outside.

4) Theoretical calculations. Well scientists seem to be able to calculate (from redshifts?) the amount of dark matter, dark energy, and matter in the universe. That would mean that we would gain an understanding of what SHOULD be outside our observable universe (though we may never see it). This seems the most logical, but I have no idea how these calculations are carried out, any insight would be appreciated.

(a) Prove that there are no degenerate bound states in an infinite (−∞ < x < ∞) one-dimensional space. That is, if ψ1(x) and ψ2(x) are two bound-state solutions of − (h^2/2m) (d^2ψ dx^2) + V (x)ψ = Eψ for the same energy E, it will necessarily follow that ψ2 = Cψ1, where C is just a constant (linear dependence). Bound-state solutions should of course vanish at x → ±∞.

(b) Imagine now that our particle is restricted to move along a circular ring of radius R. It would still be a 1D system as we need only one coordinate x (as measured along the ring) to specify the position. It is, however, different from case (a) as x is limited to the circumference of the ring.

We want to find all stationary states (that is, eigenfunctions, including normalization factors) and energy values for the particle on this ring in the absence of an external potential (V (x) = 0 ). The main consideration here is that the wave function is single-valued – you are thus faced with what is called “periodic boundary conditions”: after going around the circle, you get to the same point. In addition to finding stationary states, you are asked to assess the degeneracy of all energy levels and relate your observations to the result of case (a). For better clarity, you are suggested to use both standing-wave (like sin(kx)) and running-wave (like exp(ikx)) solutions in your analysis. Any commentary and interpretations are welcome, including comparisons to states in the infinite square well potential.

The times of the finishers in the New York City 10km run are normally distributed with mean of 61 minutes and standard deviation ? minutes. It is known that 70% of finishers have a finish time greater than 60 minutes. Let ?denote the finishing time for finishers in this race.

Note: Show your R codes/output.

Note: You can use the functions pnorm() or qnorm() in R to help you in solving the following parts.

The function pnorm(), compute probabilities from known bounding values. The function qnorm() , aims to do the opposite: given an area, find the boundary value that determines this area.

a) (2 points) Find the standard deviation of the finishing time (?).
Note: Provide the R code and output for the z-value or finding area under the standard normal curve.

b) (2 points) In 2013 approximately 7748 individuals took part in the run. A random sample of 9 individuals is drawn and their finishing times are recorded. Assuming everyone finished the run. What is the probability that among the 9 finishers selected their average finishing time is greater than 59 minutes. Note: Mention the R code and output for the z-value or finding area under the standard normal curve. Do the calculations for 3 decimal points.

c) (2 points) A second, independent sample of individuals is drawn from this population. How large of a sample must be drawn if the probability that the average finishing time is less than 62 must be 80%? Note: Show the R code and output for the z-value or for finding area under the standard normal curve.

One of the interesting aspects of intangible assets that often comes up is the talent hired by companies that help make the organization unique... imagine, for example, Steve Jobs or Bill Gates - does their reputation augment Apple or Microsoft? What about other employees? Well, not to be cold, but most of us (myself included) are not going to be deemed 'intangible' assets to the point of posting a value on the balance sheet. However, there are individuals that would qualify - a perfect example would be professional athletes. I'll post a link to the article below, but the simplest form is that some accounting standards (FRS which is UK based and may also be very much part of the IFRS requirements being reviewed for the Week 4 paper) does require long-term player contracts to be capitalized and amortized. In a sense, it is logical as you are signing a contract that will incur a known long-term cost and have acquired an asset not easily replaced (so one would assume) and which will generate (it is hoped) appropriate revenues. Does the idea of capitalizing and amortizing contracts for sports figures seem logical? I think one could easily argue it... a player may be signed to a 12 year deal @ $12,000,000... we have our capitalization figure and term of contract for the amortization of expense - and the individual should provide an expected return during performances and simply being a fan favorite.

What do you think? How would you argue for or against this position?

An amusement park ride consists of a cylindrical chamber of radius R that can rotate. The riders stand along the wall and the chamber begins to rotate. Once the chamber is rotating fast enough (at a constant speed), the floor of the ride drops away and the riders remain "stuck" to the wall. The coefficients of friction between the rider and the wall are us and uk. 1. Draw a free body diagram of a rider of mass m after the floor has fallen away. 2. Is the rider on the wall accelerating? If so, in what direction? Should our FBD be balanced? 3. Write Newton's second law in the vertical direction. 4. Write Newton's second law in the horizontal direction. 5. If the ride takes a time T to go through one full revolution, what is the speed of the rider on the wall of the ride? 6. Assume that the ride is spinning just fast enough to keep the rider on the wall. Using the equations found in questions #3 and #4, calculate the minimum velocity to keep the rider suspended. 7. You get on the ride and notice another rider beside you who has twice your mass. If the ride is going just fast enough to keep you suspended, will the person beside you have a problem on the ride? 8. After a rider gets sick on the ride, the operator hoses down the walls of the ride, which reduces the coefficient of friction by half. What happens to the minimum velocity required for the rider to remain suspended?

1. Homebase is a specialist manufacturer of different types of wall tiles; ceramic and stone. Homebase excavates blocks of granite from its quarry from its joint processes of quarry and cutting. Two joint products (ceramic and stone) are produced along with a by-product called Mutter.

Ceramic tiles are cut, polished, and engraved in a variety of standard shapes, sizes, and patterns and distributed to their different stores located throughout the UK for sale. The ceramic tiles are cut and polished to meet specifications of contractors who each year are ordered by contractors for office buildings. The small pieces of ceramic tiles resulting from the cutting and shaping process are crushed and sold to farm-supply outlets as poultry grit.

Homebase has provided the following costs and output information:

Quarry and Cutting are joint processes. A local farm-supply distributor purchases all of the grit that is produced at £40 per ton. Assume that Homebase uses the physical units method to allocate joint costs.

Required:

a) What would be the cost per ton of Ceramic and Stone slabs, assuming that the grit is accounted for as “other income”?

b What would be the cost per ton of Ceramic and Stone slabs assuming that the grit is accounted for as by-product revenue deducted from the main product cost?

Question 2

(a) Explain the meaning of the following terms in the context of cellular telephony networks:

(i) Frequency reuse

(ii) Trunking

(iii) Micro and macro cells

(iv) Umbrella cells Describe the trade-off that must be made when selecting the number of cells which should be clustered together to form a location area in a cellular network. [6 marks]

(b) A number of techniques are used on both the base station and mobile station (i) to manage power consumption, and (ii) to minimise the effects of network interference. For each of the following terms, describe how the feature works and comment on whether, and how, it is used to address (i) and\or (ii).

(i) Time Division Duplexing

(ii) Adaptive Power Control

(iii) Discontinuous Transmission [4.5 marks]

(c) Subscriber A is a subscriber of an Irish mobile network who is roaming on a French mobile network. Subscriber B is a subscriber of UK mobile network who is currently an inbound roamer on subscriber A’s home network. Subscriber A initiates a voice call to subscriber B.

(i) Describe, with the aid of a diagram, the steps involved in the routing of this call to the point where subscriber B’s handset is paged.

(ii) Using this example, clearly explain the difference between late and early call forwarding.

(iii) Explain the meaning of the term call tromboning in the context of one of these call forwarding scenarios and outline how this is typically resolved when it occurs. [9.5 marks]