1. Data below for the year ended December 31, 2018, relates to Houdini Inc., which began operations on January 1, 2018. The retail price index at the end of 2018 was 1.10.

   	Cost					Retail
   Beginning inventory	$	66,000					$	104,000
   Net purchases		280,000						420,000
   Net markups								20,000
   Net markdowns								40,000
   Net sales								375,000

   Required: Calculate estimated ending inventory at cost assuming Houdini uses the Dollar-Value LIFO retail method.

Albertson Corporation began a special promotion in July 2018 in an attempt to increase sales. A coupon was provided at various grocery stores upon checkout. Customers could send in five coupons to receive $3.25. Albertson's management estimated that 70% of the coupons would be redeemed. For the six months ended December 31, 2018, the following information is available:

Required:
What is the estimated liability associated with the coupons at December 31, 2018?

Astro Corporation was started with the issue of 5,500 shares of $9 par stock for cash on January 1, 2018. The stock was issued at a market price of $16 per share. During 2018, the company earned $64,100 in cash revenues and paid $42,947 for cash expenses. Also, a $3,900 cash dividend was paid to the stockholders.

Required:

Prepare an income statement, statement of changes in stockholders’ equity, balance sheet, and statement of cash flows for Astro Corporation’s 2018 fiscal year.

In the presence of non-controlling interests, if dividends are declared by a subsidiary and by a parent entity, which dividends payable will be shown in the consolidated balance sheet?

List the four non-income determinants of consumption and spending

Explain 5 non-monetary motivation for an Indonesian employee?

what detrimental consequences is due to non excludability? explain