Assume that the duration of human pregnancies can be described by a Normal model with mean 268 days and standard deviation 16 days. ​a) What percentage of pregnancies should last between 274 and 285 ​days? ​b) At least how many days should the longest 15​% of all pregnancies​ last? ​c) Suppose a certain obstetrician is currently providing prenatal care to 51 pregnant women. Let y overbar represent the mean length of their pregnancies. According to the Central Limit​ Theorem, what's the distribution of this sample​ mean, y overbar​? Specify the​ model, mean, and standard deviation. ​d) What's the probability that the mean duration of these​ patients' pregnancies will be less than 258 ​days? ​a) The percentage of pregnancies that should last between 274 and 285 days is nothing​%. ​(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.) ​b) The longest 15​% of all

pregnancies should last at least nothing days. ​(Round to one decimal place as​ needed.) ​c) Select the correct choice below​ and, if​ necessary, fill in the answer​ box(es) within your choice. A. A Binomial model with nothing trials and a probability of success of nothing ​(Type integers or decimals rounded to two decimal places as​ needed.) B. A Normal model with mean nothing and standard deviation nothing ​(Type integers or decimals rounded to two decimal places as​ needed.) C. There is no model that fits this distribution. ​d) The probability that the mean duration of these​ patients' pregnancies will be less than 258 days is nothing.

A virus such as influenza is only one type of pathogen that can invade the human body and cause disease. Different pathogens interact with different components of the immune system in different ways.

(a) Describe the role of skin and mucosae as surface barriers and the mechanisms that enable these anatomical structures to prevent infections.

(b) Discuss three examples of how the lymphatic and immune systems work together both structurally and functionally to fight infections such as influenza.

The following is a list of sample means for human adult height, in cm. Each was calculated in the same way from samples taken from the same hypothetical population.

160.5, 162.5, 161.7, 160.2, 163.7, 159.8, 160.6, 161.6

The true mean of the population is 158.7 cm. Use the jargon of estimation to describe the likely type of problem in the sampling process.

Scientists are interested in human recall and memory. Is it easier to memorize words that have "meaning"? To study this problem, two lists of 20 three-letter "words" were used. One list contained meaningful words (e.g., CAT, DOG), whereas the other list contained nonsense words (e.g., ATC, ODG). A ninth grade class of thirty students will be divided into two groups of students. One group was asked to memorize the list of meaningful words; the other group was asked to memorize the list of nonsense words. The number of words correctly recalled by each student was tabulated.

Number of meaningful words recalled: 12,15,12,12,10,3,7,11,9,14,9,10,9,5,13

Number of nonsense words recalled: 4,6,6,5,7,5,4,7,9,10,8,7,3,2

Is there convincing evidence to report that meaningful words are remembered better than nonsene words?

What statistic test would you use to prove that?

The following is a gene sequences in human that related to ovarian cancer. Design a pair of primers for PCR amplification of this gene using Primer 3. Print the primer 3 output, and answer the following questions:

DNA sequences

•1 ttaaaagttc actggaactg gaagaaatgg atttatctgc cgtccaaatt caagaagtac 61 aaaatgtcct tcatgctatg cagaaaatct tagagtgtcc gatctgtttg gaactgatca 121 aagaacctgt ttccacaaag tgtgaccaca tattttgcaa attttgtatg ctgaaacttc 181 ttaaccagaa gaaagggcct tcacaatgtc ctttgtgtaa gaatgagata accaaaagga 241 gcctacaggg aagcacaagg tttagtcagc ttgctgaaga gctgctgaga ataatggctg 301 cttttgagct tgacacggga atgcagctta caaatggttt tagtttttca aaaaagagaa 361 ataattcttg tgagcgtttg aatgaggagg cgtcgatcat ccagagcgtg ggctaccgga 421 accgtgtcag aaggcttccc caggtcgaac ctggaaatgc caccttgaag gacagcctag 481 gtgtccagct gtctaacctt ggaatcgtga gatcagtgaa gaaaaacagg cagacccaac 541 ctcgaaagaa atctgtctac attgaactag actctgattc ttctgaagag acagtaacta 601 agccaggtga ttgcagtgtg agagaccagg aattgttaca gaccgcccct caagaagctg 661 gagatgaagg caagctgcac tctgcagaag aggctgcttg tgagttttct gagggcataa 721 gaaacattga acatcatcaa tgcagtgatg atttaaaccc tactgagaat catgcaactg 781 aaaggcatcc agaaaaatgt cagagtattt ctatttcaaa tgtgtgtgtg gagccatgtg 841 gcacagatgc tcatgccagc tcattacagc ctgagaccag cagtttattg ctcattgaag 901 acagaatgaa tgcagaaaag gctgaattct gtaataaaag caaacagcct ggcatagcag 961 tgagccagca gagcagatgg gctgcaagta aaggaacatg taacgacagg caggttccca 1021 gcactgggga aaaggtaggt ccaaacgctg actcccttag tgatagagag aagtggactc 1081 acccgcaaag tctgtgccct gagaattctg gagctaccac cgatgttcct tggataacac 1141 taaatagcag cgttcagaaa gttaatgagt ggttttccag aactggtgaa atgttaactt 1201 ctgacagcgc atctgccagg aggcacgagt caaatgctga agcagctgtt gtgttggaag 1261 tttcaaacga agtggatggg ggttttagtt cttcaaggaa aacagactta gtaacccccg 1321 acccccatca tactttaatg tgtaaaagtg gaagagactt ctccaaacca gtagaggata 1381 atatcagtga taaaatattt gggaaatcct atcagagaaa gggaagccgc cctcacctga 1441 accatgtgac tgaaattata ggcacattta ttacagaacc acagataaca caagagcagc 1501 ccttcacaaa taaattaaaa cgtaagagaa gtacatccct tcaacctgag gacttcatca 1561 agaaagcaga ttcagcaggt gttcaaagga ctcctgacaa cataaatcag ggaactgacc 1621 taatggagcc aaatgagcaa gcagtgagta ctaccagtaa ctgtcaggag aacaaaatag

1. What is the sequences of the primers? (5’-3’)

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2.What is the size of amplification products

3.What is the length of your primer?

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4.What is your GC content of your primer (GC%)?

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Assume that the duration of human pregnancies can be described by a Normal model with mean 268 days and standard deviation 14 days.

​a) What percentage of pregnancies should last between 274 and 281 days? (Round to two decimal places as needed.)

​b) At least how many days should the longest 25​% of all pregnancies​ last? (Round to one decimal place as needed.)

​c) Suppose a certain obstetrician is currently providing prenatal care to 58 pregnant women. Let y overbar represent the mean length of their pregnancies. According to the Central Limit​ Theorem, what's the distribution of this sample​ mean, y overbar​? Specify the​ model, mean, and standard deviation.

A. A normal model with mean ___ and standard deviation ___. (Type integers or decimals rounded to two decimal places as needed.)

B. A binomial model with ___ trials and a probability of success of ___. (Type integers or decimals rounded to two decimal places as needed.)

C. There is no model that fits this distribution.

​d) What's the probability that the mean duration of these​ patients' pregnancies will be less than

258 days?

- The probability that the mean duration of these patients' pregnancies will be less than 258 days is ___. (Round to four decimal places as needed.)

​days?

1. At the peak of an action potential, the membrane potential of a human motor neuron reaches about +30mV. What value for “alpha”, the ratio of PNa/PK, allows this to occur. Use an online calculator/simulation to find a value for alpha that approximates what happens to reach this membrane potential, and write out the entire GHK equation (the version with just sodium and potassium) that can produce this membrane potential, including normal ion concentrations and temperature.

The human resources department of a very large organisation is trying to determine the proportion of all employees that are satisfied with their current position. They randomly select 121 employees and ask them: "Are you satisfied with your current position?" 61 replied yes they were. Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the true proportion of all employees at this workplace who were satisfied with their position. A 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of all employees at this workplace who were satisfied with their position is between (round your answers to 2 dp) Answer and Answer.

A study is planned on the physiology of exercises with human subject volunteers. The two treatments in the study are two methods of aerobic exercise training (call the methods A and B). At the end of a ten-week exercise period, each subject will undergo a treadmill test for standard respiratory and cardiovascular measurements.

Nineteen volunteers are listed in the table by sex and age. All volunteers are in good health and in the normal weight range for their age, sex, and height. Eight individuals will be tested in each the methods (A or B), so that only 16 of the 19 volunteers will be used; a subject will participate only in one of the methods.

a. Explain how you would group the individuals prior assignment of treatments so that experimental error variance could be kept at a minimum. b. Explain why you grouped as you did. c. Show your final assignment of individuals to the treatment groups.

Primatologists are interested in the topic of altruism in order to determine where the human behavior arises. Altruism is defined as actions that benefit another individual but at some potential risk or cost to oneself. The act of ‘doing a good deed’ for others in humans counts as altruism, because there is some level of sacrifice in effort or resources from the individual that helps the other. Scientists argue that there are ulterior motives on the part of primates that they study. The good deed will be returned at a later date. We can test the importance of altruism among humans with this small science project.

Goal: Assess the degree of altruism among humans. Does it is exist? Method: Groom someone or do something altruistic to help someone who you will see in the near future for several days. Then assess whether they feel compelled to return the favor. For example, you may actually groom someone by pretending to pick something off of their clothes or buying them coffee. Then put them in the same but opposite situation later on. You could leave something on your clothes to see if they pick it off. You can try other forms of social grooming such as complementing someone as well. Will they return the favor later on? Try to devise new and original ways to test this idea of altruism through grooming.

Write up: Does this act bring you closer? What does it say about the grooming among humans? Is this evidence that it was selected for as a behavioral trait? Also try to explain WHY it came about as a behavioral trait (or WHY it didn’t if the data comes out negative).