You are a pricing analyst for QuantCrunch Corporation, a company that recently spent $15,000 to develop a statistical software package. To date, you only have one client. A recent internal study revealed that this client’s demand for your software is Qd = 300 – 0.2P and that it would cost you $1,000 per unit to install and maintain software at this client’s site. The CEO of your company recently asked you to construct a report that compares (1) the profit that results from charging this client a single (profit-maximizing) per-unit price with (2) the profit that results from charging $1,450 for the first 10 units and $1,225 for each additional unit of software purchased.

What type of pricing strategy is (1)? Third-degree pricing strategy Per-unit pricing strategy First-degree pricing strategy Second-degree pricing strategy

What type of pricing strategy is (2)? First-degree pricing strategy Third-degree pricing strategy Per-unit pricing strategy Second-degree pricing strategy

Between pricing strategy (1) and (2), which is more profitable? Strategy (2) Strategy (1)

True or False: You could earn more profits using a two-part pricing strategy.

Zappa is a mining company listed in Australia with a number of subsidiaries. Extracts from the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020 appear below: Attributable to Zappa Non-controlling interest Total $’000 $’000 $’000 Profit for the year 39,000 3,000 42,000 Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income 5,000 ––––––– 44,000 ––––––– Nil –––––– 3,000 –––––– 5,000 ––––––– 47,000 ––––––– Additional information of Zappa comprises: i. 200 000 000 ordinary shares in issue at the beginning of financial year - 1/7/2019. On 1 April 2020, Zappa issued further 50 000 000 new ordinary shares at full market value. ii. 80 000 000 preference shares. These shares were in issue for the whole of financial year ended 30 June 2020. The dividend on these preference shares is discretionary. iii. $180 000 000 in convertible debentures issued on 1 July 2018 and repayable on 30 June 2023. Interest is payable annually in arrears and the interest rate is 10%. These debentures could be converted to 100 000 000 ordinary shares at the option of the debenture holders. In the year ended 30 June 2020, Zappa declared an ordinary share dividend of 10 cents per share and a dividend of 5 cents per share on the preference shares. The corporation tax for Zappa and its subsidiaries is 30%. All transactions have been correctly accounted for in the financial statements of Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020. Required: a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘potential ordinary shares’ and provide TWO examples of potential ordinary shares OTHER THAN convertible loans. b) Explain how the diluted earnings per share is calculated and when it needs to be disclosed. c) Compute the basic and diluted earnings per share amounts for Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020 which will be presented in its consolidated financial statement

Zappa is a mining company listed in Australia with a number of subsidiaries. Extracts from the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020 appear below: Attributable to Zappa Non-controlling interest Total $’000 $’000 $’000 Profit for the year 39,000 3,000 42,000 Other comprehensive income Total comprehensive income 5,000 ––––––– 44,000 ––––––– Nil –––––– 3,000 –––––– 5,000 ––––––– 47,000 ––––––– Additional information of Zappa comprises: i. 200 000 000 ordinary shares in issue at the beginning of financial year - 1/7/2019. On 1 April 2020, Zappa issued further 50 000 000 new ordinary shares at full market value. ii. 80 000 000 preference shares. These shares were in issue for the whole of financial year ended 30 June 2020. The dividend on these preference shares is discretionary. iii. $180 000 000 in convertible debentures issued on 1 July 2018 and repayable on 30 June 2023. Interest is payable annually in arrears and the interest rate is 10%. These debentures could be converted to 100 000 000 ordinary shares at the option of the debenture holders. In the year ended 30 June 2020, Zappa declared an ordinary share dividend of 10 cents per share and a dividend of 5 cents per share on the preference shares. The corporation tax for Zappa and its subsidiaries is 30%. All transactions have been correctly accounted for in the financial statements of Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020. Required: a) Explain the meaning of the term ‘potential ordinary shares’ and provide TWO examples of potential ordinary shares OTHER THAN convertible loans. b) Explain how the diluted earnings per share is calculated and when it needs to be disclosed. c) Compute the basic and diluted earnings per share amounts for Zappa for the year ended 30 June 2020 which will be presented in its consolidated financial statement

The following selected transactions relate to investment activities of Ornamental Insulation Corporation during 2021. The company buys debt securities, not intending to profit from short-term differences in price and not necessarily to hold debt securities to maturity, but to have them available for sale in years when circumstances warrant. Ornamental’s fiscal year ends on December 31. No investments were held by Ornamental on December 31, 2020. Mar. 31 Acquired 7% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $520,000 at face value. Sep. 1 Acquired $1,080,000 of American Instruments’ 9% bonds at face value. Sep. 30 Received semiannual interest payment on the Distribution Transformers bonds. Oct. 2 Sold the Distribution Transformers bonds for $557,000. Nov. 1 Purchased $1,560,000 of M&D Corporation 5% bonds at face value. Dec. 31 Recorded any necessary adjusting entry(s) relating to the investments. The market prices of the investments are: American Instruments bonds $ 1,018,000 M&D Corporation bonds $ 1,640,000 (Hint: Interest must be accrued.) Required: 1. Prepare the appropriate journal entry for each transaction or event during 2021, as well as any adjusting entries necessary at year end. For any sales, prepare entries to update the fair-value adjustment, record any reclassification adjustment, and record the sale. 2. Indicate any amounts that Ornamental Insulation would report in its 2021 income statement, 2021 statement of comprehensive income, and 12/31/2021 balance sheet as a result of these investments. Include totals for net income, comprehensive income, and retained earnings as a result of these investments. a) Record the acquisition of 7% Distribution Transformers Corporation bonds costing $520,000 at face value. b)Record the acquisition of $1,080,000 of American Instruments’ 9% bonds at face value. c)Record the entry for the semiannual interest received on the Distribution Transformers bonds. d)Record the entry to adjust to fair value on the date of sale of the Distribution Transformers bonds. e)Record the entry for the reclassification adjustment on the date of sale. f)Record the entry for sale of Distribution Transformers bonds for $557,000. g)Record the acquisition of $1,560,000 of M&D Corporation 5% bonds at face value H) Record the interest accrual for American Instruments bonds. I)Record the interest accrual for M&D bonds. J)Record the entry to adjust fair value of the investments at year-end

You have recently graduated from your university course and start work with an audit firm. You meet an old school friend, Nayan, for dinner — you haven't seen each other for several years. Nayan is surprised that you are now working as an auditor because your childhood dream was to be a ballet dancer. Unfortunately, your knees were damaged in a fall, and you can no longer dance. The conversation turns to your work, and Nayan wants to know how you do your job. Nayan cannot understand why an audit is not a guarantee the company will succeed. Nayan also thinks that company managers will lie to you in order to protect themselves. As an auditor, you would have to assume that you cannot believe anything a company manager says to you.

Required: (a) Write a letter to Nayan explaining the concept of reasonable assurance, and how reasonable assurance is determined. Explain why an auditor cannot offer absolute assurance (b) Explain in the letter to Nayan the concept of 'professional scepticism' and how it is not the same as assuming that managers are always trying to deceive auditors

Watson Company purchased assets of Holmes Ltd. at auction for $1,260,000. An independent appraisal of the fair value of the assets acquired is listed below:

Required:
Prepare the journal entry to record the purchase of the assets. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)

At the beginning of 2016, Robotics Inc. acquired a manufacturing facility for $12 million. $9 million of the purchase price was allocated to the building. Depreciation for 2016 and 2017 was calculated using the straight-line method, a 25-year useful life, and a $1 million residual value. In 2018, the company switched to the double-declining-balance depreciation method.

What is depreciation on the building for 2018?

Identify whether each of the following would or would not be recorded as an intangible asset in the financial statement of Hummings as at the end of the reporting period of 30 June 2016 according to AASB 138 intangible assets.

1. Hummings has acquired copyrights for $240,000, The copyright (intangible)has a useful life of 50 years and over this time period is expected to generate future economic benefits well in excess of its cost of purchases.

2. Hummings spent $600,000 over the past 5 years on the design and promotion of its brad. It is expected that such expenditure will provide significant economic benefits well in excess of the costs of promoting the brand.

3. On 1 July 2015 Hummings acquired another company (XYZ Ltd). Goodwill of $35,000 has been recognized on the purchase.