Texas is home to more than one million undocumented immigrants and most of them are stuck in low-paying jobs. Meanwhile, the state also suffers from a lack of skilled workers. The Texas Workforce Commission estimates that 133,000 jobs are currently unfilled, many because employers cannot find qualified applicants (The Boston Globe, September 29, 2011). Texas was the first state to pass a law that allows children of undocumented immigrants to pay in-state college tuition rates if they have lived in Texas for three years and plan to become permanent residents. The law passed easily back in 2001 because most legislators believed that producing college graduates and keeping them in Texas benefits the business community. In addition, since college graduates earn more money, they also provide the state with more revenue. Carol Capaldo wishes to estimate the mean hourly wage of workers with various levels of education. She collects a sample of the hourly wages of 30 Texas workers with a bachelor's degree or higher, 30 Texas workers with only a high school diploma, and 30 Texas workers who did not finish high school. A portion of the data is shown in the accompanying table; the complete data.

In a report, use the above information in SPSS to:

1. Use descriptive statistics to compare the hourly wages of the three education levels. Include description/summary of appropriate graphs.
2. Construct and interpret 95% confidence intervals for the mean hourly wage at each education level.

The Ethical Decision Making Framework Consider the ethical decision making framework outlined in the chapter. Andrew is the marketing manager at Pilgrim's, a fast food chain, and he is exploring the idea of paying junior high and high schools a fee in order to sell Pilgrims fast food on campus during lunch. There are eight steps identified in this process that correspond to the various steps that a marketer passes through when making a major decision such as this one. It is important that you understand the framework and can apply specific actions to be taken at each step in the process. Ethics are moral standards expected by a society. Marketers should clearly understand the norms and values expected of them and act in a way that reflects their company, their profession, and themselves in a positive, ethical light. Unethical marketing practices can harm both customers and society as a whole. Poor ethical decisions have led to the collapse of numerous global firms over the past decade. It is important that organizations view the marketing mix elements and potential strategies they can produce using an ethical foundation for decision making. Identify the correct sequence of the various stages in the ethical decision making framework. Rank the options below. Make the decision - Healthier menu items Make the decision - Healthier menu items Open choices for matching Determine the facts in an unbiased manner - Prices and Nutritional Information Determine the facts in an unbiased manner - Prices and Nutritional Information Open choices for matching Discuss the decision with others - School Board meeting Discuss the decision with others - School Board meeting Open choices for matching Identify the affected stakeholders - Students, parents, and the school system Identify the affected stakeholders - Students, parents, and the school system Open choices for matching Consider how the decision will affect the stakeholders - Benefit students Consider how the decision will affect the stakeholders - Benefit students Open choices for matching Identify the ethical issue at hand - High in calories and saturated fat Identify the ethical issue at hand - High in calories and saturated fat Open choices for matching Monitor and assess the quality of the decision - Following up on decision Monitor and assess the quality of the decision - Following up on decision Open choices for matching Consider all available alternatives - Offering healthy menu items Consider all available alternatives - Offering healthy menu items Open choices for matching

Matt and Carrie are married, have two children, and file a joint return. Their daughter Katie is 19 years old and is a full-time student at State University. During 2017, she completed her freshman year and one semester as a sophomore. Katie’s expenses while she was away at school during the year were as follows: Use Tax Rate Schedule for reference.

Katie received a half-tuition scholarship that paid for $2,500 of her tuition costs. Katie’s parents paid the rest of these expenses. Matt and Carrie are able to claim Katie as a dependent on their tax return.  

Matt and Carrie's 23-year-old son Todd also attended graduate school (fifth year of college) full time at a nearby college. Todd’s expenses while away at school were as follows:

Matt and Carrie paid for Todd's tuition, books, and room and board.   

Since Matt and Carrie still benefit from claiming Todd as a dependent on their tax return, they decided to provide Todd with additional financial assistance by making the payments on Todd’s outstanding student loans. Besides paying off some of the loan principal, Matt and Carrie paid a total of $900 of interest on the loan.

This year Carrie decided to take some classes at the local community college to help improve her skills as a school teacher. The community college is considered to be a qualifying post secondary institution of higher education. Carrie spent a total of $1,300 on tuition for the classes, and she was not reimbursed by her employer. Matt and Carrie's AGI for 2017 before any education related tax deductions is $121,000 and their taxable income before considering any education-related tax benefits is $80,000. Matt and Carrie incurred $500 of miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the 2 percent floor not counting any education-related expenses.

Their options for credits for each student are as follows:

They may claim either a credit or a qualified education deduction for Katie’s expenses.

They may claim either a credit or a qualified education deduction for Todd.

They may claim (1) a credit or (2) a qualified education deduction for Carrie. They may deduct any amount not included in (1) or (2) as a miscellaneous itemized deduction subject to the 2 percent of AGI floor.

TipTop Flight School offers flying lessons at a small municipal airport. The school’s owner and manager has been attempting to evaluate performance and control costs using a variance report that compares the planning budget to actual results. A recent variance report appears below:

After several months of using such variance reports, the owner has become frustrated. For example, she is quite confident that instructor wages were very tightly controlled in July, but the report shows an unfavorable variance.

The planning budget was developed using the following formulas, where q is the number of lessons sold:

Required:

2. Complete the flexible budget performance report for the school for July. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Input all amounts as positive values.)

An Illinois state program evaluator is tasked with studying the intelligence of soon-to-graduate high school students in a number of Chicago-area high schools.

One of the specific questions that needs to be answered is, “How do the students of Collins High School, one of Chicago’s lowest-rated high schools in terms of academic achievement, fare in intelligence compared to students of Lincoln Park High School, one of Chicago’s highest-rated high schools in terms of academic achievement?”.

To conduct this study, the program evaluator administers the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th Edition (WAIS-IV) to one 12th grade class from each high school in the Chicago area (if you are interested in learning more about the WAIS-IV, click here).

The following table shows the WAIS-IV scores for student from Collins HS and Lincoln Park HS (note: data were fabricated for purposes of this excersize):

First, complete the below grouped frequency table of WAIS-IV scores for each HS:

Compute the appropriate calculations to complete the following table :

What is the shape of the distribution of intelligence scores (normal, negatively skewed, positively skewed) for Collins HS? Explain how you arrived at your answer.

What is the shape of the distribution of intelligence scores (normal, negatively skewed, positively skewed) for Lincoln Park HS? Explain how you arrived at your answer.

A large sports supplier has many stores located world wide. A regression model is to be constructed to predict the annual revenue of a particular store based upon the population of the city or town where the store is located, the annual expenditure on promotion for the store and the distance of the store to the center of the city.

Data has been collected on 30 randomly selected stores: (AT BOTTOM)

Find the multiple regression equation using all three explanatory variables. Assume that x₁ is population, x₂ is annual promotional expenditure and x₃ is distance to city center. Give your answers to 3 decimal places.

a) y^ = BLANK + BLANK population + BLANK promo. expenditure + BLANK dist. to city

e)The value of R² for this model, to 3 decimal places, is equal to

f)The value of s for this model, to 3 decimal places, is equal to

g)Construct a new multiple regression model by removing the variable distance to city center. Give your answers to 3 decimal places.

The new regression model equation is:

y^ = + population + promo. expenditure

At a level of significance of 0.05, the result of the F test for this model is that the null hypothesis A) Is B) is not rejected.

c)The explanatory variable that is most correlated with annual revenue is:

population
promotional expenditure
distance to city

d)The explanatory variable that is least correlated with annual revenue is:

population
promotional expenditure
distance to city

H) In the new model compared to the previous one, the value of R² (to 3 decimal places) is:

increased
decreased
unchanged

i)In the new model compared to the previous one, the value of s (to 3 decimal places) is:

increased
decreased
unchanged

As the YPP is a new program, a strategy is needed to provide information and promote the program to potential clients of the service. Challenges have been identified as:

•   Gaining the interest of the target interest
•   Using a media that the audience will access
•   Significant diversity in culture and ethnicity of target audience.

Using the template provided, develop a digital media strategy for promoting the program to young parents or potential young parents at risk.

questions

Shrieves Casting Company is considering adding a new line to its product mix, and the capital

budgeting analysis is being conducted by Sidney Johnson, a recent business school graduate.

The production line would be set up in unused space in Shrieves's main plant. The machinery's

invoice price would be approximately $200,000, another $10,000 in shipping charges would be

required, and it would cost an additional $30,000 to install the equipment. The machinery has

an economic life of 4 years and would be in Class 8 with a CCA rate of 20%. The machinery is

expected to have a salvage value of $25,000 after 4 years of use.

     The new line would generate incremental sales of 1,250 units per year for 4 years

at an incremental cost of $100 per unit in the first year, excluding depreciation. Each

unit can be sold for $200 in the first year. The sales price and cost are both expected

to increase by 3% per year due to inflation. Furthermore, to handle the new line, the

firm's net operating working capital would have to increase by an amount equal to 12%

of sales revenues. The firm's tax rate is 28%, and its overall weighted average cost of

capital is 10%.

A) Assume that Sidney Johnson is confident of her estimates of all the variables that affect the project’s cash flows except unit sales and sales price. If product acceptance is poor, unit sales will be only 900 units a year and the unit price will be only $160; a strong consumer response will produce sales of 1,600 units and a unit price of $240. Johnson believes that there is a 25% chance of poor acceptance, a 25% chance of excellent acceptance, and a 50% chance of average acceptance (the best case).

1. What is scenario analysis?

2.What is the worst-case NPV? The best case NPV?

3.Use the worse-, base-, and best case NPVs and probabilities of occurrence to find the projects expect NPV, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.

A)      How do current psychologists’ views differ from Piaget’s views of adolescent cognitive development? a) Current psychologists disagree with Piaget’s theoretical belief that adolescents construct their own knowledge     b) Current psychologists do not believe in the development of metacognitive skills during adolescence   c) Current psychologist disagree with Piaget’s theoretical belief that many adolescents develop executive functions that are lost during adulthood    d) Current psychologist do not believe in the emergence of a discrete new cognitive structure at adolescence

B)      Oksana is a seventeen-year old girl with limited English proficiency (LEP). We can predict Oksana will: a) Have delayed cognitive and identity development   b) Use less digitalk than other adolescents   c) Have lower school achievement and a harder time finding a job   d) Not benefit from native-language maintenance instruction

C)      Many studies have been conducted to determine the effects of computer usage on learning. Does computer use support academic learning?          a) Using computer tutorial programs appears to improve achievement test scores for K-12 students    b) Simulations appear to result in the greatest increases in achievement test scores for K-12 students    c) Enrichment programs appear to yield the greatest in academic development for K-12 students d) Using technology-rich learning environments (TRE’s) appear to improve achievement test scores for K-12 students

D)     Ms. Leverett has adopted a new approach for teaching students to develop persuasive arguments. She models the process, coaches students as they practice, pairs students to explain their thinking, receive feedback, and reflect on new learning. Then she assigns the complex topics for debate. Her process demonstrates one application of Vygotsky’s principles. It is an example of:   a) eciprocal teaching    b) A cognitive apprenticeship    c) Sociocultural problem solving     d) Proximal development

Case Study 5–5 All in a Day’s Work

Sarah Goodman, senior manager of network development for Holy Managed Care Company, looked over her calendar for the day and sighed deeply. It seemed as if there would be no time at all to work on the project she’d been putting off for most of the week. Circumstances seemed to be such that she simply didn’t have any control over her own time anymore.

Well, first things first, she determined. At 9:00 she was due at a meeting of senior managers who were involved in trying to devise a strategy for counteracting a threatened unionization drive by the company’s nonexempt employees. As Sarah thought about the people working for her, she began to wonder exactly what they wanted. They had a pleasant working space, good benefits package, and secure employment. She heard the laughter and chatter drifting into her office as people came into work and thought what a pleasant and congenial group they were. What more could they want?

Then at 10:30 there was another meeting. This one could be very exciting! In six months Sarah’s office was scheduled to be moved to a new industrial park on the west side of town. The plans she’d seen so far had all kinds of great perks for employees: on-site day-care center, fitness center, ample parking, great facilities for training. The company was certainly spending a lot of money on this new site. Sarah certainly hoped it would help increase productivity; it certainly would make the employees happier
and make recruitment easier.

She’d have to hurry to her lunch meeting with the adviser for the MHA program at Saint Thomas University. Sarah had decided as a part of her New Year’s resolution that she was finally going to begin her graduate degree. She felt she was simply stagnating in her job and, after looking around at positions in her company that looked interesting, she realized she needed a graduate degree if she were going to progress. The only problem was that she wasn’t sure how enthusiastic Richard, her husband, would be about the whole idea. And her mother certainly wouldn’t be happy! The hints about grandchildren had become an outright discussion over the holidays.

Discuss the various motivation theories reflected in this case study.

These include:

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Alderfer's ERG Theory

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

Hackman and Oldham's Job Design Theory

McClelland's Three-Needs Theory