Draw a typical cross section for a two-lane highway and explain the principal components.

Short answer questions. Answer each question in the spaces provided. Honey and Maggie are the owners of Happy Pet Supplies, a business that provides pet products. In each of the following three situations below; (1 a), b) and c)), identify the assumption or principle that has been violated and explain why the assumption has been violated. 1) a) Happy Pet Supplies purchased shop racking from China and decided to put the cost in their accounting records as ¥35,000. (¥ is the symbol for the Chinese Yuan currency.). b) Happy Pet Supplies reported Inventory at its market value of $2700. The inventory cost the business $1900 when it was purchased c) Honey used business money to pay for her son’s dental bill. 2) If equity in Happy Pet Supplies at the beginning of the year was $510,000 and at the end of the year was $565,000, no capital contributions were made and drawings during the year were $20,000, how much profit was earned during the year? (1 mark) 3) What type of business structure do you believe the business Happy Pet Supplies has? Explain your answer 4) Based on your answer in 3) above, do you think that Happy Pet Supplies would have Limited or Unlimited Liability. Explain your answer. 5) How do you calculate Liabilities for Happy Pet Supplies using the Accounting Equation? (1 mark) 6) Happy Pet Supplies plans to produce a Balance Sheet year. Explain why a Balance Sheet is required. (1 mark) 7) There are three (3) sections to the Cash Flow Statement. Indicate each section and provide one example of a transaction that would belong to that section.

International Financial Management Case 2:

Bitcoin as an international digital currency Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies based on blockchain technology have been around for over a decade now. The former President of the European Central Bank, Mario Draghi, was asked about Bitcoins. He told Debating Europe he would not call Bitcoin a currency for a couple of reasons. One of them was that “a Euro today is a Euro tomorrow. Its value is stable. The value of Bitcoin oscillates wildly”. Isn’t this a big problem for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin? How can we use them as currency if their value is not stable?

Mr. Josh, who is an owner of a digit currency on the other hand argues for a Bitcoin as follows: Our current system is not so rosy. Just look at what happened in 2008: we placed our money in banks and they failed us. What’s to prevent that from happening again? Do you have a say in the European Central Bank’s (ECB) or the US Federal Reserve’s monetary policy? We are already living with a highly volatile system, which could be pushed to the brink should another financial crisis occur. Cryptocurrency offers a possible alternative to our failing financial system. Is it not wiser to start placing trust in algorithms rather than fallible individuals?

Questions:

1. What are Bitcoins? How do they operate as an international currency?

2. There are two opposing views about Bitcoins. Explain the arguments for and against Bitcoins as a currency?

3. Would do you invest in Bitcoins? Why or Why not? Give detail reasons.

1. Genetic variation is the difference in DNA sequences between individuals within a population. The human genome has about 3 × 10⁹ base pairs of DNA, and between any two humans, the amount of genetic variation is about 0.1%. In other words, about 1 bp in every 1,000 bp of DNA will be different between two random individuals. Any two individuals have about 6 × 10⁶ base pairs that are different. Therefore, we can say that there is considerable genetic variation in humans and it is important to understand every kind of genetic variation and to develop specialized techniques to analyze these variations. Only then, we can identify and relate these variations with human health and disease.

1. Please consider our whole genome and write and briefly explain every possible type of human genetic variation that you can think of.
2. Choose two variations from part (i) and state two different techniques to identify these two variations. Please explain briefly how these techniques can detect these variations.
3. What may be the effect of genetic variations, if they are found in protein coding regions of genes?

We all know that there are bound to be some marketing campaigns that will fail. Write about a marketing strategy/campaign that went wrong (think Ford Edsel, New Coke, Netflix/Quikster). Be sure to use a SWOT (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) Analysis to help explain what happened. Explain what the company as trying to market, what was the outcome, why did it fail and if the company survived it.

Cruz Company has gathered the information needed to complete its Form 941 for the quarter ended September 30, 2019. They are a monthly depositor with the following monthly tax liabilities for this quarter:

State unemployment taxes are only paid to California. The company does not use a third-party designee, the tax returns are signed by the president, Carlos Cruz (Phone: 916-555-9739), and the date filed is October 31, 2019.

Complete Parts 2, 4, and 5 of Form 941 for Cruz Company for the third quarter of 2019.

1. (14 pts) Central Dogma – DNA to protein questions
   1. Think about the general flow of genetic information in living organisms. Summarize the three steps of the central dogm
   2. Imagine that a DNA section of the gene that codes for the enzyme phosphofructokinase read 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ What would be the resulting messenger RNA strand and why?

3. Use the codon chart above to answer this question. From left to right list, the exact amino acid chain that would be formed? (write the amino acids out in order).

4. Imagine that a mutation added an extra base was added at the start of the strand, so the strand now rea 3’-GTACTGGCGC-5’. How would this affect the outcome? Would a chain of amino acids still be created?

5. Imagine, a malfunction occurs in a cell.   The cell is no longer able to regulate the H₃O⁺ levels inside the cell, the amount of H₃O⁺ increases. Note you will have to call back on information from previous chapters (Ch 3, Ch 5) to answer this
   1. What would happen to the pH? Explain
   2. Which part of the central dogma steps would be most affected and why?
6. Why do genes code to make proteins, why don’t genes code to make carbohydrates, or fats, or nucleic acids? How do the proteins function in the body?
7. Imagine that a mutation occurred in the last codon in the DNA sequence from part B. Instead of 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ the DNA read 3’ – TACTGGTGC-5’.
   1. How would the amino acid sequence change? Explain how the mutation would or would not have an effect on the function of phosphofructokinase. You will need specific details relating to the chemistry of the molecules.
   2. How and why would a change in phosphofructokinase impact the health of the person with this mutation? Explain in details

1. (14 pts) Central Dogma – DNA to protein questions
   1. Think about the general flow of genetic information in living organisms. Summarize the three steps of the central dogm
   2. Imagine that a DNA section of the gene that codes for the enzyme phosphofructokinase read 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ What would be the resulting messenger RNA strand and why?

3. Use the codon chart above to answer this question. From left to right list, the exact amino acid chain that would be formed? (write the amino acids out in order).

4. Imagine that a mutation added an extra base was added at the start of the strand, so the strand now rea 3’-GTACTGGCGC-5’. How would this affect the outcome? Would a chain of amino acids still be created?

5. Imagine, a malfunction occurs in a cell.   The cell is no longer able to regulate the H₃O⁺ levels inside the cell, the amount of H₃O⁺ increases. Note you will have to call back on information from previous chapters (Ch 3, Ch 5) to answer this
   1. What would happen to the pH? Explain
   2. Which part of the central dogma steps would be most affected and why?
6. Why do genes code to make proteins, why don’t genes code to make carbohydrates, or fats, or nucleic acids? How do the proteins function in the body?
7. Imagine that a mutation occurred in the last codon in the DNA sequence from part B. Instead of 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ the DNA read 3’ – TACTGGTGC-5’.
   1. How would the amino acid sequence change? Explain how the mutation would or would not have an effect on the function of phosphofructokinase. You will need specific details relating to the chemistry of the molecules.
   2. How and why would a change in phosphofructokinase impact the health of the person with this mutation? Explain in details

1. (14 pts) Central Dogma – DNA to protein questions
   1. Think about the general flow of genetic information in living organisms. Summarize the three steps of the central dogm
   2. Imagine that a DNA section of the gene that codes for the enzyme phosphofructokinase read 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ What would be the resulting messenger RNA strand and why?

3. Use the codon chart above to answer this question. From left to right list, the exact amino acid chain that would be formed? (write the amino acids out in order).

4. Imagine that a mutation added an extra base was added at the start of the strand, so the strand now rea 3’-GTACTGGCGC-5’. How would this affect the outcome? Would a chain of amino acids still be created?

5. Imagine, a malfunction occurs in a cell.   The cell is no longer able to regulate the H₃O⁺ levels inside the cell, the amount of H₃O⁺ increases. Note you will have to call back on information from previous chapters (Ch 3, Ch 5) to answer this
   1. What would happen to the pH? Explain
   2. Which part of the central dogma steps would be most affected and why?
6. Why do genes code to make proteins, why don’t genes code to make carbohydrates, or fats, or nucleic acids? How do the proteins function in the body?
7. Imagine that a mutation occurred in the last codon in the DNA sequence from part B. Instead of 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ the DNA read 3’ – TACTGGTGC-5’.
   1. How would the amino acid sequence change? Explain how the mutation would or would not have an effect on the function of phosphofructokinase. You will need specific details relating to the chemistry of the molecules.
   2. How and why would a change in phosphofructokinase impact the health of the person with this mutation? Explain in details

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1. (14 pts) Central Dogma – DNA to protein questions
   1. Think about the general flow of genetic information in living organisms. Summarize the three steps of the central dogm
   2. Imagine that a DNA section of the gene that codes for the enzyme phosphofructokinase read 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ What would be the resulting messenger RNA strand and why?

3. Use the codon chart above to answer this question. From left to right list, the exact amino acid chain that would be formed? (write the amino acids out in order).

4. Imagine that a mutation added an extra base was added at the start of the strand, so the strand now rea 3’-GTACTGGCGC-5’. How would this affect the outcome? Would a chain of amino acids still be created?

5. Imagine, a malfunction occurs in a cell.   The cell is no longer able to regulate the H₃O⁺ levels inside the cell, the amount of H₃O⁺ increases. Note you will have to call back on information from previous chapters (Ch 3, Ch 5) to answer this
   1. What would happen to the pH? Explain
   2. Which part of the central dogma steps would be most affected and why?
6. Why do genes code to make proteins, why don’t genes code to make carbohydrates, or fats, or nucleic acids? How do the proteins function in the body?
7. Imagine that a mutation occurred in the last codon in the DNA sequence from part B. Instead of 3’ – TACTGGCGC-5’ the DNA read 3’ – TACTGGTGC-5’.
   1. How would the amino acid sequence change? Explain how the mutation would or would not have an effect on the function of phosphofructokinase. You will need specific details relating to the chemistry of the molecules.
   2. How and why would a change in phosphofructokinase impact the health of the person with this mutation? Explain in details

The reaction of the alloy with the acid is exothermic. If the hydrogen gas released is warmer than the water temperature and you use the incorrect low temperature, how would this effect your calculated %Al result (high or low)? Explain.

A student performs three runs of the experiment using pure aluminum and determines an average N_H2 of 0.01156 mol/g and a standard deviation of 0.00001 mol/g. What do these results tell you about the random and systematic errors present in his analysis?

1.) Suppose that the statement form ((p ∧ ∼ q)∨(p ∧ ∼ r))∧(∼ p ∨ ∼ s) is true. What can you conclude about the truth values of the variables p, q, r and s? Explain your reasoning

2.Use the Laws of Logical Equivalence (provided in class and in the textbook page 35 of edition 4 and page 49 of edition 5) to show that: ((∼ (p ∨ ∼ q) ∨ (∼ p ∧ ∼ r)) ∧ s) ≡ ((r → q) ∧ ∼ (s → p)) where p, q, r and s are statements

The Solow Model was originally conceived for a single-good, closed economy. In the ensuing decades, it has been expanded to account for endogenous growth and free trade. We want to consider what kinds of phenomena such models should encompass. Imagine a small developing country initially with a closed economy, with income per capita well below that of advanced nations. The policymakers in this country are considering opening the country to trade. Consider this country’s initial steady state and growth, and discuss how these might change were the country to allow free trade. In particular, focus your response on

1. What would the closed economy steady-state income be relative to advanced nations (and what may cause it to differ)? What about consumption?

2. Would you expect an accelerated speed of growth (capital accumulation) under free trade as compared to a close economy or not? Why yes or why no? What about changes in consumption?

3. What new opportunities for growth may be created by free trade?