As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10^-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D₁ and D₂, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT.

The dissociation constant of the complex ED₁ formed by HIV-RT and the drug D₁ is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10^-9 mol/l). The dissociation constant of the complex ED₂ formed by HIV-RT and the drug D₂ is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10^-7 mol/l).

1) Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol.

2) Divide the difference between the binding free energies of the ED₁ and ED₂ complexes by the thermal energy (at the physiological temperature). Provide a numerical expression with 3 significant figures.

3)

Compute the total concentration of [D₁]_tot that is needed to bind 90% of the HIV-RT at the given concentration [E]_tot. Provide your answer as a numerical expression with 3 significant figures in the unit mol/l.

You do NOT have to consider competition betwwen the drugs D₁ and D₂! They are administered separately.

4)

Compute the total concentration of [D₁]_tot that is needed to bind 99% of the HIV-RT at the given concentration [E]_tot. Provide your answer as a numerical expression with 3 significant figures in the unit mol/l.

You do NOT have to consider competition betwwen the drugs D₁ and D₂! They are administered separately.

5)

Compute the total concentration of [D₂]_tot that is needed to bind 90% of the HIV-RT at the given concentration [E]_tot. Provide your answer as a numerical expression with 3 significant figures in the unit mol/l.

You do NOT have to consider competition betwwen the drugs D₁ and D₂! They are administered separately.

6)

Compute the total concentration of [D₂]_tot that is needed to bind 99% of the HIV-RT at the given concentration [E]_tot. Provide your answer as a numerical expression with 3 significant figures in the unit mol/l.

You do NOT have to consider competition betwwen the drugs D₁ and D₂! They are administered separately.

Arrange the following in the decreasing order (most important first) of their importance, for the welfare of human society. Give reasons for your answer. Biogas, citric acid, penicillin and curd.

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natural disasters can cost billions of dollars and thousands of human lives. Do you think it wise or sensible for humans to continue to rebuild in areas that are constantly destroyed ?

1. List the various ways that one could test for the presence of a pathogen ( not the immune response) in a human clinical sample. (Hint: think about the central dogma of molecular biology.)

If Infosys Technologies investment in human capital is a core strategic investment, surely it must be on the company’s balance sheet, where is it on the company’s audited balance sheet? If is it not there, why is it not there? Should it be there

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discuss this models (1- health belief model, 2- health promotion model, 3- resource model of preventive health behavior, 4- human ecologic model )

While the human eye responds to light with wavelengths up to about 750 nm, it is hard to distinguish the color of different wavelengths between 650 and 700 nm. Why?