Know generally how monitor changes in the expression of large numbers of genes:

Question: Some people believe the American family is in decline, as reflected by changes in the family structure. Do you agree? Support your response

For each of the following economic changes, assess the likely impact on the growth rate and the level of output per worker over the the long-run. Explain your answer by using graphs.

a. An increase in foreign direct investment.

b. Stepping into aging society that induces people to save more and spend less.

A sociologist is interested in the relation between x = number of job changes and y = annual salary (in thousands of dollars) for people living in the Nashville area. A random sample of 10 people employed in Nashville provided the following information.

In this setting we have Σx = 58, Σy = 359, Σx² = 422, Σy² = 13,023, and Σxy = 2160.

(a) Find x, y, b, and the equation of the least-squares line. (Round your answers for x and y to two decimal places. Round your least-squares estimates to four decimal places.)

(b) Draw a scatter diagram displaying the data. Graph the least-squares line on your scatter diagram. Be sure to plot the point (x, y).

(c) Find the sample correlation coefficient r and the coefficient of determination. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)

What percentage of variation in y is explained by the least-squares model? (Round your answer to one decimal place.)
%

(d) Test the claim that the population correlation coefficient ρ is positive at the 5% level of significance. (Round your test statistic to three decimal places.)

t =

Find or estimate the P-value of the test statistic.

P-value > 0.2500.125 < P-value < 0.250    0.100 < P-value < 0.1250.075 < P-value < 0.1000.050 < P-value < 0.0750.025 < P-value < 0.0500.010 < P-value < 0.0250.005 < P-value < 0.0100.0005 < P-value < 0.005P-value < 0.0005

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that ρ > 0.Reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that ρ > 0.    Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that ρ > 0.Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that ρ > 0.

(e) If someone had x = 7 job changes, what does the least-squares line predict for y, the annual salary? (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
thousand dollars

(f) Find S_e. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
S_e =

(g) Find a 90% confidence interval for the annual salary of an individual with x = 7 job changes. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

(h) Test the claim that the slope β of the population least-squares line is positive at the 5% level of significance. (Round your test statistic to three decimal places.)

t =

Find or estimate the P-value of the test statistic.

P-value > 0.2500.125 < P-value < 0.250    0.100 < P-value < 0.1250.075 < P-value < 0.1000.050 < P-value < 0.0750.025 < P-value < 0.0500.010 < P-value < 0.0250.005 < P-value < 0.0100.0005 < P-value < 0.005P-value < 0.0005

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that β > 0.Reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that β > 0.    Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that β > 0.Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that β > 0.

(i) Find a 90% confidence interval for β and interpret its meaning. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)

Interpretation

For each less job change, the annual salary increases by an amount that falls within the confidence interval.For each additional job change, the annual salary increases by an amount that falls within the confidence interval.    For each additional job change, the annual salary increases by an amount that falls outside the confidence interval.For each less job change, the annual salary increases by an amount that falls outside the confidence interval.

Defend the changes that technology has brought to society's communication patterns, such as the expediency of email and texting, reduced costs, and access to people around the world.

Classical economists belief that prices and quantities adjust to the changes in the forces of supply and demand and that the economy produces its potential output in the long run. On the contrary, Keynesian economists believe because of price and wage rigidities the economy’s equilibrium output in the long run may be less than its potential output. What is price-wage rigidity? Do you agree with Keynes assessment that wage-price rigidity requires government’s involvement in the markets? Why? Why not?

A pupillometer is a device used to observe changes in an individual’s pupil dilations as he or she is exposed to different visual stimuli. The Design and Market Research Laboratories of the Container Corporation of America used a pupillometer to evaluate consumer reaction to different silverware patterns for one of its clients. Suppose 15 consumers were chosen at random, and each was shown two different silverware patterns, and their pupil diameters recorded (mm). A sample of data looks like:

  Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that there is a mean difference in the consumers’ reactions to the two silverware patterns? Test at  = 0.05. Output is below.

Show all five steps.  As always, show work when calculations are necessary. Go out at least four decimal places if there are many significant digits.

For each of the following economic changes, assess the likely impact on the growth rate and the level of output per worker over the the long-run. Explain your answer by using graphs.

a. An increase in foreign direct investment.

b. Stepping into aging society that induces people to save more and spend less.