Draw graphs using appropriate units and label them. Graphs without labels WILL NOT BE given any points even if the answer is correct. Explain clearly wherever asked.

1. Exercise on quantity equation and AD curve

1. Assume money supply is fixed at M=1000 and the velocity of money V=2.0, complete the table 1

2. Draw the AD curve that results from the table results and label as AD₁

c. What does the AD curve denote?

   d. Suppose the money supply increases to 1500 while velocity remains equal to 2.0, complete the table 2 below (use the price level from the previous table 1)

   e. Plot the AD curve with the data from Table 2 and label the curve as AD₂ (when M=1500 and V=2.0)

f. Suppose if the money supply remained at its original level of 1000 but the velocity increases to 3.0, how does it affect the AD curve?

   g. Suppose if the money supply fell to 500 while velocity remained equal to 2.0, complete the following table 3

   h. Plot the AD curve with data from Table 3 and label the curve as AD₃ (when M=500 and V=2.0)

   I. Plot the AD curve with data from Table 3 and label the curve as AD₃ (when M=500 and V=2.0)

Question 1:

The response time in milliseconds was determined for three different types of circuits in an electronic calculator. The results are recorded here.

1. Using α = 0.05, test the hypothesis that the three circuit types have the same response time. What is the p-value?
2. Analyze the residuals from this experiment.
3. If there is a significant difference, perform a Tukey test.

Question 2:

An article in Environmental International describes an experiment in which the amount of radon released in showers was investigated. Radon-enriched water was used in the experiment, and six different orifice diameters were tested in showerheads. The data from the experiment are shown in the following table.

1. Does the size of the orifice affect the mean percentage of radon released? What is the p-value? Use α = 0.05.
2. Analyze the residuals from this experiment.
3. If there is a significant difference, perform a Tukey test.

Question 3:

In “Orthogonal Design for Process Optimization and Its Application to Plasma Etching”, an experiment is described to determine the effect of flow rate on the uniformity of the etch on a silicon wafer used in integrated circuit manufacturing. Three flow rates are used in the experiment, and the resulting uniformity (in percent) for six replicates is shown below.

1. Does flow rate affect etch uniformity? Use α = 0.05.
2. Do the residuals indicate any problems with the underlying assumptions?
3. Use the Kruskal-Wallis procedure with α = 0.05 to test for differences between mean uniformity at the three different flow rates.

Question 4:

Suppose that five normal populations have common variance σ² = 100 and means μ₁ = 175, μ₂ = 190, μ₃ = 160, μ₄ = 200, and μ₅ = 215. How many observations per population must be taken so that the probability of rejecting the hypothesis of equality of means is at least 0.95? Use α = 0.05.

In 2016, the mean salary for all Ontario public employees in the School Board sector with salaries of at least $100,000 was 114.35 (in thousands of dollars), and the standard deviation was 15.67 (also in thousands of dollars). Let ??Xi be the salary of one randomly selected employee (denoted i), and let ?¯X¯ be the sample mean for a sample of 500 employees with salaries of at least $100,000 from the School Board sector.

(i) Which is larger: ?(??>116)P(Xi>116) or ?(?¯>116)?P(X¯>116)? Explain. (ii) Compute any probabilities possible with the given information.

(b) [6 pts] Suppose we know that ?(??>120)=?P(Xi>120)=a, where ?a is a constant. We define a new random variable ??Yi for each i, where ??Yi is equal to 1 if ??>120Xi>120 and is equal to 0 otherwise (??Xi is defined in part (a)). Also let ?=∑200?=1??W=∑i=1200Yi, where we assume that all the ??Yi’s are independent and have the same distribution.

What kind of distribution does ??Yi have (hint: it has a name)? What are the values of its parameter(s)? What kind of distribution does ?W have (it also has a name)? What are the values of its parameters? Explain in 1 sentence how you know ?W has this distribution.

(c) [6 pts] Suppose now that ?=0.3a=0.3. What is ?(?>70)P(W>70)? Use an appropriate approximation and correct for continuity. Give a clear interpretation (1 sentence).

You will receive a classmate’s complaint letter and will be required to rationally reply to the letter in a business letter format. It will be up to you as the “business” to allow or deny an adjustment. Your letter must be written clearly so the reader understands the news you are giving, promotes a positive image of your business, and avoids legal problems.

Questions to consider when responding: What are your business policies and procedures for handling complaints? Did the writer persuade you to respond to their request?

Length: 1 page, single spaced, proper formatting

Required parts of the complaint letter:

Title: “Adjustment Letter – Business Name”

Follow a business letter format:

Senders address

Date

Recipient’s address

Salutation

Body

Closing

Enclosures, if necessary

Introduction/Buffer

Reason

Bad news/negative message or details or adjustment being made

Professional Closing

Title: Complaint Letter – Rag Culture

09/21/2018

Subject: Missing Order #028468390

Good Morning,

My name is , on August 17, 2018 I ordered 4 velvet durags in a variety of colors. When I placed my order the shipping was set to roughly 3- 14 days, it has been over a month. I would really appreciate if my order was shipped as soon as possible. If not, I will have to contact Paypal with a claim and request a refund. I would much rather receive my product simply because I love this product. I have been a loyal customer since 2016. My Order number is #028468390. I hope to hear from you soon.

Question #: 15
BACKGROUND: Seizure is a common complication after stroke (termed "post-stroke seizure," PSS). Although many studies have assessed outcomes and risk factors of PSS, no reliable predictors are currently available to determine PSS recurrence. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and post- stroke treatment regimens between recurrent and non-recurrent PSS patients to identify factors predictive of recurrence.
METHODS: Consecutive PSS patients admitted to our stroke center between January 2011 and July 2013 were monitored until February 2014 (median 357 days; IQR, 160-552) and retrospectively evaluated for baseline clinical characteristics and PSS recurrence. Cumulative recurrence rates at 90, 180, and 360 days post-stroke were estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Independent predictors of recurrent PSS were identified by Cox proportional-hazards analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 104 patients (71 men; mean age, 72.1 ±11.2 years) were analyzed. PSS recurred in 31 patients (30%) during the follow-up. Factors significantly associated with PSS recurrence by log-rank analysis included previous PSS, valproic acid (VPA) monotherapy, polytherapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), frontal cortical lesion, and higher modified Rankin Scale score at discharge (all p <0.05). Independent predictors of recurrent PSS were age <74 years (HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.02-5.90), VPA monotherapy (HR 3.86, 95% CI 1.30-12.62), and convulsions on admission (HR 3.87, 95% CI 1.35-12.76). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one-third of PSS patients experienced seizure recurrence within one year. The predictors of recurrent PSS were younger age, presence of convulsions and VPA monotherapy. Our findings should be interpreted cautiously in countries where monotherapy with second-generation AEDs has been approved because this study was conducted while second-generation AEDs had not been officially approved for monotherapy in Japan.
Which of the following choices best represents the study design? (2 points)
A. Prospective Cohort Study
B. Retrospective Cohort Study
C. Case-Control Study
D. Case Report / Case Series
E. Cross-Sectional Study
F. Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study

C++

Write a program that reads in a list of 10 names as input from a user and places them in an array.

The program will prompt for a name and return the number of times that name was

entered in the list. The program should output total number of instances of that name and then prompt for another name until the word done is typed in.

For this lab, use the string data type as opposed to char to store the names (i.e. don’t use c-strings).

Expected Input/ Output:

Enter name #1: Joe

Enter name #2: Sally

Enter name #3: Joe

Enter name #4: Sue

Enter name #5: Sally

Enter name #6: Adam

Enter name #7: Joe

Enter name #8: Adam

Enter name #9: Adam

Enter name #10: Joe

Who do you want to search for (enter done to exit)? Joe

There are 4 instances of the name Joe.

Who do you want to search for (enter done to exit)?Sally

There are 2 instances of the name Sally.

Who do you want to search for (enter done to exit)? Adam

There are 3 instances of the name Adam.

Who do you want to search for (enter done to exit)? Sue

There is one instance of the name Sue.

Who do you want to search for (enter done to exit)? John

John’s name does not exist in this list.

Who do you want to search for(enter done to exit)?done

Thank you for using my program.

Part A In late 2015, the Nicklaus Corporation was formed. The corporate charter authorizes the issuance of 6,000,000 shares of common stock carrying a $1 par value, and 2,000,000 shares of $5 par value, noncumulative, nonparticipating preferred stock. On January 2, 2016, 4,000,000 shares of the common stock are issued in exchange for cash at an average price of $15 per share. Also on January 2, all 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock are issued at $20 per share.

Part B During 2016, the Nicklaus Corporation participated in three treasury stock transactions: a.On June 30, 2016, the corporation reacquires 300,000 shares for the treasury at a price of $17 per share. b.On July 31, 2016, 75,000 treasury shares are reissued at $20 per share. c.On September 30, 2016, 75,000 treasury shares are reissued at $15 per share.

Part C On October 1, 2016, Nicklaus Corporation receives permission to replace its $1 par value common stock (6,000,000 shares authorized, 4,000,000 shares issued, and 3,850,000 shares outstanding) with a new common stock issue having a $.50 par value. Since the new par value is one-half the amount of the old, this represents a 2-for-1 stock split. That is, the shareholders will receive two shares of the $.50 par stock in exchange for each share of the $1 par stock they own. The $1 par stock will be collected and destroyed by the issuing corporation.    On November 1, 2016, the Nicklaus Corporation declares a $0.25 per share cash dividend on common stock and a $0.40 per share cash dividend on preferred stock. Payment is scheduled for December 1, 2016, to shareholders of record on November 15, 2016.    On December 2, 2016, the Nicklaus Corporation declares a 2% stock dividend payable on December 28, 2016, to shareholders of record on December 14. At the date of declaration, the common stock was selling in the open market at $15 per share. The dividend will result in 154,000 (0.02 × 7,700,000) additional shares being issued to shareholders.

Required: 1. Prepare journal entries to record the declaration and payment of these stock and cash dividends. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No journal entry required" in the first account field.)

1 Record the entry for a 2-for-1 stock split.

2 Record declaration of cash dividend for common shares and preferred shares.

3 Record the entry on date of record.

4 Record payment of cash dividend for common shares and preferred shares.

Compute and Interpret Liquidity, Solvency and Coverage Ratios Selected balance sheet and income statement information for Nordstrom, Inc. for 2016 and 2015 follows. ($ millions) 2016 2015 Cash $ 595 $ 827 Accounts receivable 196 2,306 Current assets 3,014 5,224 Current liabilities 2,911 2,800 Long-term debt 2,795 3,123 Short-term debt 10 8 Total liabilities 6,827 6,805 Interest expense 153 156 Capital expenditures 1,082 861 Equity 871 2,440 Cash from operations 2,451 1,220 Earnings before interest and taxes 1,101 1,323 (a) Compute the following liquidity, solvency and coverage ratios for both years. Round all your answers to two decimal places. 2016 current ratio = Answer 2015 current ratio = Answer 2016 quick ratio = Answer 2015 quick ratio = Answer 2016 liabilities-to-equity = Answer 2015 liabilities-to-equity = Answer 2016 total debt-to-equity = Answer 2015 total debt-to-equity = Answer 2016 times interest earned = Answer 2015 times interest earned = Answer 2016 cash from operations to total debt = Answer 2015 cash from operations to total debt = Answer 2016 free operating cash flow to total debt = Answer 2015 free operating cash flow to total debt = Answer (b) Which of the following best describes the company's credit risk? Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year. The current ratio remains above 1.0, but this is driven in large part by high inventory levels, implying Nordstrom may have difficulty converting assets to cash. In addition, its interest coverage ratio remains high, indicating it has it may have difficulty making interest payments on its debt. Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year but are higher than 1.0, implying Nordstrom is relatively liquid. Nordstrom's interest coverage ratio remains high, indicating it has the ability to cover interest payments on its debt. Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year. The current ratio remains above 1.0, but this is driven in large part by high inventory levels, implying Nordstrom may have difficulty converting assets to cash. However, its interest coverage ratio remains high, indicating it has the ability to cover interest payments on its debt. Both the quick and current ratios for 2016 decreased in the past year but are higher than 1.0, implying Nordstrom is relatively liquid. Nordstrom's interest coverage ratio is weak, indicating it may have difficulty making interest payments on its debt.

V. LAW IN THE FINANCIAL MARKETS (Select from the choices below)
A. RELEVANT TERMS
_____46.drawer
_____47.shelter principle
_____48.HDC
_____49.mere holder
_____50.blank indorsement
_____51.qualified indorsement
_____52.fraud in the execution
_____53.fraud in the inducement
_____54.drawee
_____55.payee
_____56.cashier’s check
_____57.certified check
_____58.garnishment
_____59.discharge
_____60.mechanic’s lien
_____61.registration statement
_____62.financing statement
_____63.blue sky laws
_____64.Trustee in Bankruptcy
_____65.SEC
_____66.proxy
_____67.order instrument
_____68.bearer instrument
_____69.Article 9
_____70.Article 3

A. A creditor files this on a debtor’s real property for failure to pay for improvements on the real property.
B. A person who takes a negotiable instrument for value, in good faith, and without any notice of defect.
C. The party that initiates a draft.
D. Name for a check that the bank draws on itself.
E. An order permitting a creditor to collect a debt by seizing a portion of the debtor’s wages.
F. Document that needs to be filed in order to become a perfected creditor.
G. This is the purpose of a bankruptcy proceeding which would remove/forgive a person’s debt.
H. The party that is ordered to pay a draft or check.
I. Anyone in possession of a negotiable instrument and is not a HDC.
J. A check that has been accepted in writing by the bank on which it is drawn.
K. When a person who does not qualify as an HDC but who derives his or her title through an HDC acquires the rights and privileges of an HDC.
L. Uniform Commercial Code that deals with negotiable instruments.
M. Name for state security laws.
N. A person issues a negotiable instrument based on a false statement by the other party.
O. Document that must be filed with the SEC before a security is issued.
P. An indorsement that has a signature and the words “without recourse”.
Q. Uniform Commercial Code that deals with secured transactions.
R. The person being paid funds on a negotiable instrument is referred to as this.
S. An indorsement of a negotiable instrument that has a mere signature.
T. A negotiable instrument that is payable to an identified person or order.
U. Statement that gives someone the right to vote your stock.
V. When a person is deceived in signing a negotiable instrument thinking that he is signing something else.
W. Federal Agency that regulates the securities markets.
X. A negotiable instrument that is not payable to a specific person but payable to bearer or cash.
Y. Government official who performs and administers task in a bankruptcy procedure.
========================================================
V. LAW IN THE FINANCIAL MARKETS (Select from the choices below)
B. THE LAW
_____71.Chapter 7
_____72.Chapter 13
_____73.Chapter 11
_____74.Rule 10B-5
_____75..Sarbanes Oxley Act

A. Bankruptcy code that allows for partial repayment of debt.
B. Federal law that mandates all financial statements of public corporations be certified by their CEOs and CFOs.
C. Federal regulation that seeks to prevent insider trading.
D. Bankruptcy code that allows for complete discharge of debt.
E. Bankruptcy code that allows for a reorganization of a business.

1. The following data were included in a recent Papaya Inc. annual report (in millions):

Required:

Compute Papaya's fixed asset turnover ratio for 2014, 2015, and 2016. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 1 decimal place.)

During 2016, Mellow reported a fixed asset turnover ratio of 9.9. Was Papaya's turnover better or worse than Mellow's in that year?

2.

The following transactions and adjusting entries were completed by a local delivery company called Fast Delivery. The company uses straight-line depreciation for delivery vehicles, double-declining-balance depreciation for buildings, and straight-line amortization for franchise rights.

2018

2019

Required:
Prepare the journal entries required on each of the above dates. (If no entry is required for a transaction/event, select "No Journal Entry Required" in the first account field. Do not round intermediate calculations.)