Aggie Power Generation supplies electrical power to residential customers for many U.S. cities. Its main power generation plants are located in Los Angeles, Tulsa, and Seattle. The following table shows Aggie Power Generation's major residential markets, the annual demand in each market (in megawatts or MW), and the cost to supply electricity to each market from each power generation plant (in $/MW).

(a)

If there are no restrictions on the amount of power that can be supplied by any of the power plants, what is the optimal solution to this problem?

(i)

Which cities should be supplied by which power plants? (Enter your optimal solution as a comma-separated list of ordered triples for the amount of power each power plant supplies to each city. Report electrical power in MW.)

(L1, T1, S1), (L2, T2, S2), …, (L10, T10, S10) =  

(ii)

What is the total annual power distribution cost for this solution? (Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar.)

$

(b)

If at most 4,000 MW of power can be supplied by any one of the power plants, what is the optimal solution? (Enter your optimal solution as a comma-separated list of ordered triples for the amount of power each power plant supplies to each city. Report electrical power in MW. Round your answers to two decimal places.)

(L1, T1, S1), (L2, T2, S2), …, (L10, T10, S10) =  

What is the annual increase in power distribution cost that results from adding these constraints to the original formulation? (Round your answer to the nearest whole dollar.)

$

Monopoly behavior (Chapter 26 in the book)

Problem 1. Suppose you want to open an amusement park. Your estimate of the daily attendance is 1000 people. Further, you expect that each person will demand

x(p)= 50-50p rides, where p is the price per ride. All people are the same, and there cannot be negative rides. The marginal cost of a ride is zero.

(a) What is each person’s inverse demand for rides?

(b) How many rides per person will maximize your profits?

(c) What will be the profit-maximizing price per ride?

(d) What will be your profit per person?

(e) What is the Pareto efficient price per ride?

(f) How many rides will be purchased at the Pareto efficient price by a single person?

(g) Ho much consumer surplus per person will be generate at Pareto efficient price and quantity?

(h) If you decide to use a two-part tariff, what would be an admission fee and a price per ride for a single person?

1.

CASE STUDY

Australian Motor Execs (AME) is set up as a proprietary company and is considering whether to enter the discount rental car market in Tasmania. This project would involve the purchase of 100 used, late model, mid-sized cars at the average price of $18,000. In order to reduce their insurance costs, AME will have a LoJack Stolen Vehicle Recovery System installed in each car at a cost of

$1,500 per vehicle. The rental car operation projected by AME will have two locations: one near Hobart airport and the other near Launceston airport. At each location, AME owns an abandoned lot and building where it could store its vehicles. If AME does not undertake the project, the lots can be leased to an auto-repair company for $90,000 per year (total amount for both lots). The $25,000 annual maintenance cost (total for both lots) will be paid by AME whether the lots are leased or used for this project. This discount rental car business is expected to have minimum impact on AME’s regular car rental business in Tasmania, where the net cash flow is expected to fall by only

$20,000 per year.

For taxation purposes, the useful life of the cars is determined to be five years and they will be depreciated using the most advantageous depreciation method set out by the Income Tax Assessment Act. It is assumed that the cars will first be used at the beginning of the next financial year: 1 July 2018.

Before starting this new operation, AME will need to redevelop and renovate the buildings at each airport location. This is expected to cost $220,000 for both locations. AME has also budgeted

$80,000 in marketing costs that will be spent prior the start of operation and during the first two years of operation. In addition, if the project is undertaken, a total new injection of $150,000 in net working capital will be required.

Maeve, the company CFO would like you help her examine the viability of the project for the next five years taking into account the projections of sales and operating costs prepared by AME’s accountants. Given the risk associated with the project, she believes it is reasonable to use a cost of capital of 12% for the evaluation of this project. Further financial data relating to the project can be found in the appendix.

*Question1. Discuss which costs are relevant for the evaluation of this project and which costs are not. Your discussion should be justified by a valid argument and supported by references to appropriate sources.

APPENDIX: Additional information for the case

Initial capital expenditure

Acquisition of the car fleet (including LowJack system): $18,000 + $1,500 per vehicle

Renovation of building at airport locations :$220,000

Injection of net Working capital $150,000

For tax purposes, the cars (including the LowJack system) may be depreciated using either the prime cost or the diminishing value methods as set out in Division 40 of the Income tax Assessment Act (ITAA) 1997. The economic life of 5 years has been approved by the Commissioner of taxation. Maeve indicated to you that the company will retain the method that is the most advantageous to the company from a financial point of view.

Assume that AME is not able to claim any tax deduction for the capital expenditure relating to the renovation of the building until the business is sold. At that time the cost of renovation is taken into account to calculate the capital gain.

Marketing costs

The $80,000 marketing costs will be incurred as follows:

$40,000 immediately before the launch of the new operation (1/7/2018)

$20,000 at the beginning of year 2 (1/7/2019) i.e. end of year 1

$20,000 at the beginning of Year 3 (1/7/2020) i.e. end of year 2

These costs are fully tax deductible in the year they are incurred (assume calendar year).

Revenue projections

Revenue projections from car rental for the next five years are as follows

Operating costs

Operating variable costs associated with the new business represent 10 % of revenue. Annual operating fixed costs (excluding depreciation) are $1800 per vehicle.

Existing administrative costs are $550,000 per annum. As a result of the new operation these administrative cost will increase by 20 %.

Tax rate

The company is subject to a tax rate of 27.5% on its profits. The capital gain (if any ) on the sale of the business would also be taxed at 27.5%.

Required information

[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.]

During April, the production department of a process manufacturing system completed a number of units of a product and transferred them to finished goods. Of these transferred units, 81,000 were in process in the production department at the beginning of April and 324,000 were started and completed in April. April's beginning inventory units were 65% complete with respect to materials and 35% complete with respect to conversion. At the end of April, 103,000 additional units were in process in the production department and were 80% complete with respect to materials and 30% complete with respect to conversion.

Prepare the number of equivalent units with respect to both materials used and conversion costs in the production department for April using the FIFO method.

The production department had $1,434,675 of direct materials and $1,002,573 of conversion costs charged to it during April. Also, its beginning inventory of $287,867 consists of $222,485 of direct materials cost and $65,382 of conversion costs.

Using the FIFO method, prepare the direct materials cost and the conversion cost per equivalent unit and assign April's costs to the department’s output. (Round "Cost per EUP" to 2 decimal places.)
  

Kubin Company’s relevant range of production is 23,000 to 27,500 units. When it produces and sells 25,250 units, its average costs per unit are as follows:

Required:

1. Assume the cost object is units of production:

a. What is the total direct manufacturing cost incurred to make 25,250 units?

b. What is the total indirect manufacturing cost incurred to make 25,250 units?

2. Assume the cost object is the Manufacturing Department and that its total output is 25,250 units.

a. How much total manufacturing cost is directly traceable to the Manufacturing Department?

b. How much total manufacturing cost is an indirect cost that cannot be easily traced to the Manufacturing Department?

3. Assume the cost object is the company’s various sales representatives. Furthermore, assume that the company spent $95,950 of its total fixed selling expense on advertising and the remainder of the total fixed selling expense comprised the fixed portion of the company's sales representatives’ compensation.

a. When the company sells 25,250 units, what is the total direct selling expense that can be readily traced to individual sales representatives?

b. When the company sells 25,250 units, what is the total indirect selling expense that cannot be readily traced to individual sales representatives?

ufacturing cost incurred to make 23,000 units?

3a

During April, the first production department of a process manufacturing system completed its work on 305,000 units of a product and transferred them to the next department. Of these transferred units, 61,000 were in process in the production department at the beginning of April and 244,000 were started and completed in April. April's beginning inventory units were 65% complete with respect to materials and 35% complete with respect to conversion. At the end of April, 83,000 additional units were in process in the production department and were 85% complete with respect to materials and 35% complete with respect to conversion.

The production department had $779,288 of direct materials and $659,797 of conversion costs charged to it during April. Also, its beginning inventory of $163,740 consists of $122,032 of direct materials cost and $41,708 of conversion costs.

1. Compute the direct materials cost per equivalent unit for April. (Round "Cost per EUP" to 2 decimal places.)
2. Compute the conversion cost per equivalent unit for April. (Round "Cost per EUP" to 2 decimal places.)
3. Using the FIFO method, assign April’s costs to the department’s output—specifically, its units transferred to the next department and its ending work in process inventory. (Round "Cost per EUP" to 2 decimal places.)
  

Corporate Tax Return Project

Complete Form 1120 pages 1 and 2, Schedule D, Form 8949 and complete Schedule M-1 on page 5 of a 2018 Form 1120 for the following taxpayer using the information that follows:

• For purposes of this project only, do not attach other forms as required by certain lines of Form 1120.

Taxpayer Information:

Champion, Inc. is an accrual-basis, calendar-year corporation that operates five local “sports merchandise-stores”.  

Champion was incorporated on February 28th, 2017

Champion’s main office is located at 2346 Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60606

Champion’s employer identification number is 31-0923874.

Champion has total assets as of December 31, 2018 of $3,540,000

• Champion’s receipts for book purposes are as follows:
  • Champion’s gross receipts for the year totaled $1,700,000, which included returns and allowances of $123,000. Total Gross Receipts totaled $1,577,000.
  • Champion received $16,200 of interest income during the year, with $5,120 from City of DeKalb bonds and the balance from BMO Harris certificates of deposit.
  • Champion received dividend income of $4,000 from Disney Corporation.  Champion owns less than 5% of Disney stock.
  • In December 2018, Champion received $13,500 from a company that will lease excess space in Champion’s largest store from January 1 through October 31, 2019.
• Champion’s expenses for book purposes are as follows:
  • Cost of Goods Sold                                                                     $710,000
  • Salaries (including Officers’ Compensation of $123,000)                     230,000
  • Federal income tax                                                                         22,375
  • Depreciation                                                                                180,000
  • State & Local Taxes                                                                        92,300
  • Interest Expense                                                                              3,800
  • Repairs                                                                                         11,500
  • Rent                                                                                             36,750
  • Advertising                                                                                   20,000
  • Contribution to Gov. Rauner’s re-election campaign                               8,750
  • Property/Casualty Insurance Premiums                                               14,000
  • Business Meals                                                                                6,250
  • Business Entertainment                                                                     3,500
  • Hotel and airfare for business                                                             3,250
  • Premiums paid to key employee life insurance policy                        8,950
  • Charitable contributions paid                                                           78,750
• Champion’s total cost recovery for tax purposes was $132,500.
• Champion has a net capital loss carryforward from 2017 of $8,000
• Champion sold IBM stock on 7/4/18 for $4,100.  The shares had been purchased on 12/13/17 for $1,500.
• For its first tax year, Champion generated a $21,000 net operating loss.
• Champion made the following estimated income tax payments to the IRS for 2018:
  • Overpayment in 2017, credited to 2018                                         $1,550
  • 2^ndquarter, 3^rdquarter, 4^thquarter                                         $2,700 each

• Champion does not qualify for any other tax credits in 2018.
• Any overpayment of 2018 tax should be credited to its 2019 estimated taxes.

CorpX has 50 units in beginning inventory with a cost of $300.

During the year purchases were made as follows:
January 15- 100 units @ 5.75 per unit                      =          $575 total cost

June 15- 100 units @ 5.50 per unit                           =          $550 total cost

October 20-50 units @ 5.00 per unit                        =          $250 total cost

Total Units = 250                                                                   $1375 total cost

An inventory count at year end reveals 60 units in ending inventory.

Required:

1-what is the ending inventory under:

LIFO, FIFO, average cost methods

2- what is the cost of goods sold under:

LIFO, FIFO, average cost methods

3- what is the LIFO reserve

4 -which method should the company utilize? Why? What is the dollar benefit?

Robo-Tech Inc. manufactures pistons for custom motorcycles within a relevant range of 100,800 to 165,600 pistons per year. Within this range, the following partially completed manufacturing cost schedule has been prepared.

Complete the cost schedule below. When computing the cost per unit, round to two decimal places. Round all other values to the nearest dollar.