Explain how children reason in Kohlberg’s three levels of moral thought: preconventional moral thought, conventional moral thought, and postconventional moral thought. For each level, report a) what children emphasize as important as their basis for their moral beliefs and b) provide an example from the Heinz dilemma that reflects that type of moral reasoning.

Explain the roles of at least THREE of the following factors on gender role development: a) prenatal hormones, b) different socialization for boys and girls, c) modeling, and d) gender schemas.

For this discussion, consider what the chapter says about the physical and psychological development of boys and girls. Then, consider what society is currently stating about physical fighting/rough and tumble play amongst kids. Some say it is a critical part of healthy development, while others point to laws about bullying and damage that it can cause. So, how much is too much? Should children be allowed to roughhouse? What's important to consider in this debate? Draw from the text and personal experiences in your responses.

Describe the physical changes both boys and girls go through during puberty. How does the increase in hormone production affect them? Physically, teenagers are sexually mature, however, are often not cognitive, socially, or emotionally ready for sex. One reason is brain development. Describe how frontal lobe development in the brain compares to hormone production. How might the delay of the frontal lobe development affect a teenager’s decisions about sex? Could it lead to risky decision making?

1. Bad Boys, Inc. is evaluating its cost of capital. Under consultation, Bad Boys, Inc. expects to issue new debt at par with a coupon rate of 8% and to issue new preferred stock with a $2.50 per share dividend at $25 a share. The common stock of Bad Boys, Inc. is currently selling for $20.00 a share. Bad Boys, Inc. expects to pay a dividend of $1.50 per share next year. An equity analyst foresees a growth in dividends at a rate of 5% per year. The Bad Boys, Inc. marginal tax rate is 35%. If Bad Boys, Inc. raises capital using 45% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 50% common stock, what is Bad Boys, Inc.’s cost of capital?
   
2. If Bad Boys, Inc. raises capital using 30% debt, 5% preferred stock, and 65% common stock, what is Bad Boys, Inc.’s cost of capital?

1) Objective: To conduct a hypothesis test for −

The following are weights in pounds for a simple random sample of 20 newborn baby boys and baby girls born in the U.S.

Assume that the birth weights of both populations are roughly normally distributed.  Can you conclude that mean weights are greater for boys born in the U.S. than for girls? Use the P-value method with

Step 1) Check the assumptions

Simple random sample both populations

Independent (different individuals)

Normally distributed (10 individuals <30)

Step 2) Write the null and alternate hypotheses

:

:

Step 3) Draw, label, sketch: test statistic and the region(s) beyond the test statistic

Step 4) P-value =

Step 5) Decision: reject or do not reject

Formal conclusion:

Recent headlines have sparked heated debate about whether boys should be allowed to dress as girls. For example, a 5-year-old boy in Seattle who enjoys things traditionally for girls, such as jewelry, the color pink, and dresses was supported and encouraged by his mother, who wrote a book about him called “My Princess Boy”. A J. Crew ad featured a mother painting her young boy’s toenails hot pink (CBS News, 2011 April 13). Reactions ranged from outrage and disbelief to support of the mothers.

On the flipside, girls who shun traditionally “girly things” such as dresses and flowers in favor of more traditional “boy things” such as watching or playing sports, rough-and-tumble play, and choosing boys as friends are often called tomboys.

For either sex, choosing to engage in activities traditionally reserved for a specific sex can result in teasing and accusations of homosexuality.

Using research gathered from your textbook, online course content, and at least 1 research article, analyze the above scenarios.

Are the behaviors discussed above (i.e., preferring things traditionally acceptable for a specific sex) indicative of homosexuality? Why or why not?

Describe the psychological consequences (positive and negative) that might result from engaging in behaviors reserved for a specific sex?

Develop an argument for or against concern that these children might be exhibiting a paraphilia.

Which paraphilia(s) might apply and what criteria would you use based on the research?

What, if any, intervention would you recommend to a parent whose little girl or boy expresses the desire to engage in behaviors typical of the opposite sex? If you do not believe intervention is necessary, explain why.

• Thread 1: Why do you think that women are still continued to be viewed as objects in most, if not all, media? Has this situation changed much from the past to present day? How does this pertain to the male gaze today?  

• Thread 2: By all indications, including the 2016 election, women continue to be sidelined, stereotyped and sexualized in popular media and entertainment. Girls and boys from a young age seem to have been given a certain outlook on how women should act, dress and the type of jobs that they can obtain, all through media. With this still being a major issue, what would you suggest is the best or most efficient way to have women not be sidelined--in media, politics, education, or any other aspect of life--that we can instill in all children at a young age and create a new “norm” for our youth? Can we instill a new "norm"?

10. Which of the following research situations would be most likely to use an independent-measures design? – 2pts

a. Examine the development of vocabulary as a group of children mature from age 2 to age 3

b. Examine the long-term effectiveness of a stop-smoking treatment by interviewing subjects 2 months and 6 months after the treatment ends

c. Compare the mathematics skills for 9th -grade boys versus 9th -grade girls

d. Compare the blood-pressure readings before medication and after medication for a group a patients with high blood pressure

11. An independent-measures study comparing two treatment conditions produces a t statistic with df = 18. If the two samples are the same size, how many participants were in each of the samples? – 2pts.

a. 9

b. 10

c. 19

d. 20

12. For which of the following situations would a repeated-measures research design be appropriate? – 2pts

a. Comparing mathematical skills for girls versus boys at age 10

b. Comparing pain tolerance with and without acupuncture needles

c. Comparing self-esteem for students who participate in school athletics versus those who do not

d. Comparing verbal solving skills for science majors versus art majors at a college

13. A researcher plans to conduct a research study comparing two treatment conditions with a total of 20 participants. Which of the following designs would produce 20 scores in each treatment? – 2pts

a. An independent-measures design

b. A repeated-measures design

c. A matched-subjects design

d. All of the other options would produce 20 scores in each treatment.

14. A repeated-measures study uses a total of n = 10 participants to compare two treatment conditions. How many scores are measured in this study, and how many scores are actually used to compute the sample mean and the sample variance? – 2pts

a. 20 measured and 10 used b. 20 measured and 20 used c. 10 measured and 10 used d. 10 measured and 20 used

2. We are interested in answering the question: Is the average price of Pepsi 2-Liter bottles in Kentucky less than 99 cents? A sample of 75 stores selling Pepsi 2-liters found an average price of 96 cents. The test was performed at the 1% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.0065.

3. A researcher believes that if patients with arthritis go to physical therapy twice a week their pain levels will be lower than usual pain levels. Patients with arthritis usually rate their pain a 3.5 on an 8-point scale. The test was performed at the 10% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.113.

4. A neonatal nurse suspects that newborn babies are more likely to be boys than girls. A random sample found 13,173 boys were born among 25,468 newborn children. The test was performed at the 2% significance level and the resulting p-value was 0.0132.

2. The Cost, $C, of hiring a repairman for H hours is given by C = 50 + 25h.

A. What does the repairman charge to walk in the door? B. What is his hourly rate?

3. The population a town, t years after it is founded, is given by P(t) = 5000 + 350t.

A. What is the population when it is founded? B. What is the population of the town two years after it is founded?

4. Find the slope and Y-intercept for each of the following:

a. -2y= -5x+9

b. Y = -16 - 4(-5 -3x)

c. 4x + 3y =-12

d. 5y - 3x - 10 = 0 5.

Find the equation of a line that passes through (6,7) and (6,1)

6.Find an equation of a line that is parallel to 3x + 5y = 6 and passes through (0, 5)

7. The total cost C of a yellow cab call lasting N minutes is $4.75 plus an additional charge of $2.50/mile.

A. Use a linear equation to describe the scenario B. How long was the cab ride if the total cost of the fare was $38.50?

Solve the following system of equations algebraically and check

a. 7x + 5y = -1

11x + 8y = -1

b. 5x + 2y = 1

2x - 3y = 27

8. Solve the following system of equationss graphically.

Y = -2X + 7

Y = 4X + 11