The country of Freelandia gained independence a few years ago and is mounting a major effort to promote new agricultural development in previously underdeveloped regions. A trucking operator in the town of K has previously been providing only local service. Now that a new major agricultural development program is under way, this operator is considering providing farm-to-market service to carry agricultural and other natural products from their origin in locality M to market at K. The distance is 150 miles (one way), with no intermediate major settlements. After discussions with the local agents of the producers at M, the trucker estimates that the demand function for shipments from M to K is

? = ? + ?₀? − ?₁P

where V is volume in tons per week, Q is frequency of shipments (per week), P is price charged per ton, and a₀, a₁, and Z are parameters. Based upon an average traveling speed of 30 miles per hour, plus a loading or unloading time of 3 hours at each end, he estimates that he can manage at the most one round trip every two days, so Q = 3 per week. He also figures that his costs are related to the mileage he drives per week; his total cost per week is:

?? = ?₀ + ?₁?_?

where m_T = 300Q is the total round-trip mileage driven and b₀and b₁ are parameters. The truck carries 15 tons. He is considering offering an initial frequency of 1 or 2 trips per week at a rate of $25.00 or $30.00 per ton. Assume b₀ = $270, b₁ = $0.50, Z = 25, a₀ = 13, a₁ = 1.

a. For these four combinations of frequency and price, what would be the tonnage carried, the gross revenues, the total cost, and the net revenue?

b. Which of the four options would be preferred by the operator if his objective where to maximize net revenue? To minimize costs? To maximize volume carried? Which option would be preferred by users (shippers)? Can both interests get their first choice simultaneously? If not, why not?

c. For the proposed service the predominant movement is from M to K; the amount of freight to be carried in the reverse direction is negligible. There is a possibility of  picking additional cargo at D to go to M; this would incur a detour of 100 miles additional but could result in an additional load and source of revenue. Would it be profitable for this operator to make the detour? Discuss qualitatively

// TASK #2 Add an import statement for the Scanner class
// TASK #2(Alternate)
// Add an import statement for the JOptionPane class

/**
This program demonstrates how numeric types and
operators behave in Java.
*/

public class NumericTypes
{
public static void main (String [] args)
{
// TASK #2 Create a Scanner object here
// (not used for alternate)

// Identifier declarations
final int NUMBER = 2 ; // Number of scores
final int SCORE1 = 100; // First test score
final int SCORE2 = 95; // Second test score
final int BOILING_IN_F = 212; // Boiling temperature
int fToC; // Temperature Celsius
double average; // Arithmetic average
String output; // Line of output

// TASK #2 declare variables used here
// TASK #3 declare variables used here
// TASK #4 declare variables used here

// Find an arithmetic average.
average = (SCORE1 + SCORE2) / NUMBER;
output = SCORE1 + " and " + SCORE2 +
" have an average of " + average;
System.out.println(output);

// Convert Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius.
fToC = 5/9 * (BOILING_IN_F - 32);
output = BOILING_IN_F + " in Fahrenheit is " +
fToC + " in Celsius.";
System.out.println(output);
System.out.println(); // To leave a blank line

// ADD LINES FOR TASK #2 HERE
// Prompt the user for first name
// Read the user's first name
// Prompt the user for last name
// Read the user's last name
// Concatenate the user's first and last names
// Print out the user's full name

System.out.println(); // To leave a blank line

// ADD LINES FOR TASK #3 HERE
// Get the first character from the user's first name
// Print out the user's first initial
// Convert the user's full name to uppercase
// Print out the user's full name in uppercase

System.out.println(); // To leave a blank line

// ADD LINES FOR TASK #4 HERE
// Prompt the user for a diameter of a sphere
// Read the diameter
// Calculate the radius
// Calculate the volume
// Print out the volume
}
}

Task #2a Using the Scanner Class for User Input (4 pts)
⦁   Add an import statement above the class declaration to make the Scanner class available to your program.
⦁   In the main method, create a Scanner object and connect it to the System.in object.
⦁   Prompt the user to enter his or her first name.
⦁   Read the name from the keyboard using the nextLine method and store it into a variable called firstName (you will need to declare any variables you use).
⦁   Prompt the user to enter his or her last name.
⦁   Read the name from the keyboard and store it in a variable called lastName.
⦁   Concatenate the firstName and lastName with a space between them and store the result in a variable called fullName.
⦁   Print out the fullName.
⦁   Compile, debug, and run, using your name as test data.
⦁   Since we are adding on to the same program, each time we run the program we will get the output from the previous tasks before the output of the current task.
Task #2b (alternate) Using Dialog Boxes for User Input (4 pts)
⦁   Add an import statement above the class declaration to make the JOptionPane class available to your program.
⦁   In the main method, prompt the user to enter his or her first name by displaying an input dialog box and storing the user input in a variable called firstName (you will need to declare any variables you use).
⦁   Prompt the user to enter his or her last name by displaying an input dialog box and storing the user input in a variable called lastName.
⦁   Concatenate the firstName and lastName with a space between them and store the result in a variable called fullName.
⦁   Display the fullName using a message dialog box.
⦁   Compile, debug, and run, using your name as test data.
⦁   Since we are adding on to the same program, each time we run the program we will get the output from the previous tasks before the output of the current task.

Task #3 Working with Strings (4 pts)
⦁   Use the charAt method to get the first character in firstName and store it in a variable called firstInitial (you will need to declare any variables that you use).
⦁   Print out the user’s first initial.
⦁   Use the toUpperCase method to change the fullName to uppercase and store it back into the fullName variable.
⦁   Add a line that prints out the value of fullName and how many characters (including the space) are in the string stored in fullName (use the length method to obtain that information).
⦁   Compile, debug, and run. The new output added on after the output from the previous tasks should have your initials and your full name in uppercase.
Task #4 Using Predefined Math Functions (4 pts)
⦁   Add a line that prompts the user to enter the diameter of a sphere.
⦁   Read in and store the number into a variable called diameter (you will need to declare any variables that you use).
⦁   The diameter is twice as long as the radius, so calculate and store the radius in an appropriately named variable.
⦁   The formula for the volume of a sphere is:
r3
Convert the formula to Java code and add a line which calculates and stores the value of volume in an appropriately named variable. Use Math.PI for and Math.pow to cube the radius.
⦁   Print your results to the screen with an appropriate message.
⦁   Compile, debug, and run using the following test data and record the results.

Diameter   Volume (hand calculated)   Volume (resulting output)
2      
25.4      
875,000      
Task #5 Create a program from scratch (4 pts)
In this task you will create a new program that calculates gas mileage in miles per gallon. You will use string expressions, assignment statements, input and output statements to communicate with the user.

⦁   Create a new file in your IDE or text editor.
⦁   Create the shell for your first program by entering:
public class Mileage
{
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
       // Add your declaration and code here.
   }
}
⦁   Save the file as Mileage.java.
⦁   Translate the algorithm below into Java code. Don’t forget to declare variables before they are used. Each variable must be one word only (no spaces).
Print a line indicating this program will calculate mileage
Print prompt to user asking for miles driven
Read in miles driven
Print prompt to user asking for gallons used
Read in gallons used
Calculate miles per gallon by dividing miles driven by gallons used
Print miles per gallon along with appropriate labels
⦁   Compile the program and debug, repeating until it compiles successfully.
⦁   Run the program and test it using the following sets of data and record the results:

Miles driven   Gallons used   Miles per gallon (hand calculated)   Miles per gallon
(resulting output)
2000   100      
500   25.5      
241.5   10      
100   0      

⦁   The last set of data caused the computer to divide 100 by 0, which resulted in what is called a runtime error. Notice that runtime can occur on programs which compile and run on many other sets of data. This emphasizes the need to thoroughly test you program with all possible kinds of data.
Task #6 Documenting a Java Program (2 pts)
⦁   Compare the code listings of NumericTypes.java with Mileage.java. You will see that NumericTypes.java has lines which have information about what the program is doing. These lines are called comments and are designated by the // at the beginning of the line. Any comment that starts with /** and ends with */ is considered a documentation comment. These are typically written just before a class header, giving a brief description of the class. They are also used for documenting methods in the same way.
⦁   Write a documentation comment at the top of the program which indicates the purpose of the program, your name, and today’s date.
⦁   Add comment lines after each variable declaration, indicating what each variable represents.
⦁   Add comment lines for each section of the program, indicating what is done in that section.
⦁   Finally add a comment line indicating the purpose of the calculation.

The table below shows primary school enrollment for a certain country. Here, xx represents the number of years after 18201820, and yy represents the enrollment percentage. Use Excel to find the best fit linear regression equation. Round the slope and intercept to two decimal places.

x   y
0   0.1
5   0.1
10   0.1
15   0.2
20   0.2
25   0.3
30   0.4
35   0.5
40   0.6
45   1.1
50   1.5
55   3.0
60   4.5
65   5.5
70   6.1
75   6.8
80   7.0
85   8.0
90   9.3
95   10.7
100   12.4
105   14.1
110   16.6
115   17.5
120   19.7
125   19.4
130   32.7
135   40.9
140   47.6
145   57.8
150   57.0
155   61.7
160   63.2
165   75.0
170   76.5
175   96.0
180   92.0
185   100.0
190   100.0

Provide your answer below:

y =  x -

Tombro Industries is in the process of automating one of its plants and developing a flexible manufacturing system. The company is finding it necessary to make many changes in operating procedures. Progress has been slow, particularly in trying to develop new performance measures for the factory.

In an effort to evaluate performance and determine where improvements can be made, management has gathered the following data relating to activities over the last four months:

The president has read in industry journals that throughput time, MCE, and delivery cycle time are important measures of performance, but no one is sure how they are computed. You have been asked to assist the company, and you have gathered the following data relating to these measures:

Required:

1-a. Compute the throughput time for each month.

1-b. Compute the manufacturing cycle efficiency (MCE) for each month.

1-c. Compute the delivery cycle time for each month.

3-a. Refer to the inspection time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume that in month 5 the inspection time, process time, and so forth, are the same as for month 4, except that the company is able to completely eliminate the queue time during production using Lean Production. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

3-b. Refer to the inspection time, process time, and so forth, given for month 4. Assume that in month 6 the inspection time, process time, and so forth, are the same as in month 4, except that the company is able to eliminate both the queue time during production and the inspection time using Lean Production. Compute the new throughput time and MCE.

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Sample Spaces

1. Suppose S is a uniform sample space with N elements. If E is any possible come and ω is the probability function for S evaluate ω(e).

2. Define a probability function on the set A = {1, 2, 3} such that A is not a uniform sample space.

3. Given the sample space B = {a, b, c} and probability function ω on B. If ω(a) = 0.3, ω({a, b}) = 0.8 then find ω(b) and ω(c).

4. Suppose that only 30% of a birds hatchlings survive their first year. If a bird hatches 7 chicks, what is the probability exactly 3 will survive their first year? What is the probability at most 3 will survive?

You are given the following balance sheet information about Bank of the Coyote. Use it to answer the questions.

a. Calculate Bank of the Coyote's leverage ratio.

b. Suppose the Bank of the Coyote earned $0.8 million in after-tax profits. Calculate the ROA for Bank of the Coyote.

c. Calculate Bank of the Coyote's ROE.

In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer. Are America's top chief executive officers (CEOs) really worth all that money? One way to answer this question is to look at row B, the annual company percentage increase in revenue, versus row A, the CEO's annual percentage salary increase in that same company. Suppose a random sample of companies yielded the following data:

B: Percent increase for company 26,25,27, 18, 6, 4, 21, 37

A: Percent increase for CEO 25, 25, 22, 14, −4, 19, 15, 30

Level of significance is 5%

a) What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.

At five weather stations on Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mountain National Park, the peak wind gusts (in miles per hour) for January and April are recorded below.

Level of significance is 1%

b) What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

A) In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.

At five weather stations on Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mountain National Park, the peak wind gusts (in miles per hour) for January and April are recorded below.

What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

B)

In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.

Do professional golfers play better in their last round? Let row B represent the score in the fourth (and final) round, and let row A represent the score in the first round of a professional golf tournament. A random sample of finalists in the British Open gave the following data for their first and last rounds in the tournament.

What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.

At five weather stations on Trail Ridge Road in Rocky Mountain National Park, the peak wind gusts (in miles per hour) for January and April are recorded below.

Does this information indicate that the peak wind gusts are higher in January than in April? Use α = 0.01. (Let

d = January − April.)(a) What is the level of significance?


State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?

H₀: μ_d = 0; H₁: μ_d ≠ 0; two-tailed H₀: μ_d = 0; H₁: μ_d > 0; right-tailed     H₀: μ_d = 0; H₁: μ_d < 0; left-tailed H₀: μ_d > 0; H₁: μ_d = 0; right-tailed

(b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making?

The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution. The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution.     The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution. The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution.

What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

Jack, a geologist, had been debating for years whether or not to venture out on his own and operate his own business. He had developed a lot of solid relationships with clients and he believed that many of them would follow him if he were to leave his current employer. As part of a New Year’s resolution, Jack decided he would finally do it. Jack put his business plan together and, on January 1 of this year, Jack opened his doors for business as a C corporation called Geo-Jack (GJ). Jack is the sole shareholder. Jack reported the following financial information for the year (assume GJ reports on a calendar year and uses the accrual method of accounting).

A. In January, GJ rented a small business office about 12 miles from Jack’s home. GJ paid $11,200, which represented a damage deposit of $4,480 and rent for two years ($3,360 annually).

B. GJ earned and collected $310,000 performing geological-related services and selling its specialized digging tool.

C. GJ received $70 interest from municipal bonds and $2,140 interest from other investments.

D. GJ purchased some new equipment in February for $44,500. It claimed depreciation on these assets during the year in the amount of $6,840.

E. GJ paid $7,200 to buy luxury season tickets for Jack’s parents for State U football games.

F. GJ paid Jack’s father $10,800 for services that would have cost no more than $6,480 if Jack had hired any other local business to perform the services. While Jack’s dad was competent, he does not command such a premium from his other clients.

G. In an attempt to get his name and new business recognized, GJ paid $7,200 for a one-page ad in the Geologic Survey. It also paid $15,400 in radio ads to be run through the end of December.

H. GJ leased additional office space in a building downtown. GJ paid rent of $28,000 for the year.

I. In November, Jack’s office was broken into and equipment valued at $5,200 was stolen. The tax basis of the equipment was $5,700. Jack received $2,080 of insurance proceeds from the theft.

J. GJ incurred a $4,100 fine from the state government for digging in an unauthorized digging zone.

K. GJ contributed $3,080 to lobbyists for their help in persuading the state government to authorize certain unauthorized digging zones.

L. On July 1, GJ paid $1,800 for an 18-month insurance policy for its business equipment. The policy covers the period July 1 of this year through December 31 of next year.

M. GJ borrowed $20,000 to help with the company’s initial funding needs. GJ used $2,000 of funds to invest in municipal bonds. At the end of the year, GJ paid the $1,200 of interest expense that accrued on the loan during the year.

N. Jack lives 12 miles from the office. He carefully tracked his mileage and drove his truck 6,280 miles between the office and his home. He also drove an additional 7,200 miles between the office and traveling to client sites. Jack did not use the truck for any other purposes. He did not keep track of the specific expenses associated with the truck. However, while traveling to a client site, Jack received a $170 speeding ticket. GJ reimbursed Jack for business mileage and for the speeding ticket.

O. GJ purchased two season tickets (20 games) to attend State U baseball games for a total of $1,180. Jack took existing and prospective clients to the games to maintain contact and find further work. This was very successful for Jack as GJ gained many new projects through substantial discussions with the clients following the games.

P. GJ reimbursed employee-salespersons $3,580 for meals involving substantial business discussion.

Q. GJ had a client who needed Jack to perform work in Florida. Because Jack had never been to Florida before, he booked an extra day and night for sightseeing. Jack spent $440 for airfare and booked a hotel for three nights ($140/night). (Jack stayed two days for business purposes and one day for personal purposes.) He also rented a car for $65 per day. The client arranged for Jack’s meals while Jack was doing business. GJ reimbursed Jack for all expenses.

REQUIRED:

a. What amount will increase taxable income (positive) or reduce taxable income (negative) for each of the above scenarios?

b. As a C corporation, does GJ have a required tax year? If so, what would it be?

c. If GJ were a sole proprietorship, would it have a required tax year-end? If so, what would it be?

d. If GJ were an S corporation, would it have a required tax year-end? If so, what would it be?