The starting point of beta-oxidation and the biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid and sphingolipids occurs in the cytosol with the activation of a fatty acid into a thioester. Briefly outline how these activated fatty acids are made. Be sure to describe the bioenergetics of the process.

Write down the reactions that take place when the weak strong acids—HF, HNO2, HCN, CH3COOH, and H3PO4—are dissolved in water. For each reaction, label the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base.

Topic :Fatty Acid Catabolism

7. Can any ATP be obtained from catabolism of a fatty acid under anaerobic conditions? Explain.


8. Can fatty acids be turned into glucose or glycogen? Explain.

Living organisms are highly organized and structured How does this statement relate to the macromolecules (Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates, and Lipids)? How does this statement relate to the systems (Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Endocrine, etc.)?

Blood levels of which of the following metabolities is higher during the postabsorptive state than during the absorptive state?

a. long chain fatty acids

b. all of these

c. none of these

d. trigylycerides

e. glucose

1. are foods containing microorganisms that can treat diseases, while is a compound that is selectively used by a host microorganism to produce a health benefit. Fermented foods are and plant-derived carbohydrate compounds called oligosaccharides are the main source of .

Select one:
A. prebiotics, probiotics, probiotics, prebiotics
B. probiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, prebiotics
C. probiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, prebiotics
D. probiotics, prebiotics, prebiotics, probiotics

2.

.Which statement is incorrect?

Select one:
A. various bacteria can be responsible for the spoilage of food
B. yeast cannot decompose food with a high sugar content
C. when bacteria break down the food, acids and other waste products are created in the process
D. while the bacteria itself may or may not be harmful, the waste products may be unpleasant to taste or may even be harmful to human health

3.

_________is an example of a hydrogenated fat.

Select one:
A. Margarine
B. Butter
C. Olive oil
D. Corn oil

4.

A vitamin product belongs to .

Select one:
A. conventional food
B. functional food
C. medical food
D. dietary supplements

5.

Which class of carbohydrates is absorbed by intestine?

Select one:
A. Monosaccharides
B. Disaccharides
C. Polysaccharides
D. None of the above

The financial year end of Diary Manufacturing Limited is 31 December. At 31 December 2012, the following balances are available:

Notes

1. The inventory on 31 December 2012: Raw Material €44000, finished goods €35000.
2. Salaries include € 13400 for director fees.
3. The wages include €31400 for supervision
4. Depreciation is to be charged at 10% on cost of plant and machinery

Required: Prepare the manufacturing accounts of the Diary Limited

Note : Answers should be in Word Version Format

if you cannot solve it on a laptop then you give it to another one to Solve it by Word

Calculate the isoelectric point of the following amino acid – You must show your work! pKa of the following groups α-COOH has 2.09 α-NH3 has 9.82 R group has 3.86 Aspartate

Draw the ionization states for Lys and include how many ionizable protons are there. Given that amino group pKa = 9.0 and pKa of carboxylic group is 2.2. Please also include location of Zwitterion on titration curvealong with the pI calculation.

A DNA sequence is. TACACCTTGGCGACGACT

WHAT IS m RNA sequence is _______________________________

mutated sequence is TACACCTTGGGACGACT

what is mRNA mutated. ____________________________________

What kind of mutation is this and what would be the result in terms of the amino acid sequence? (hint... use chart in notes