The following account balances were taken from ABC Company’s unadjusted trial
balance at December 31, 2020:

Accounts Payable ............  $56,000
Accounts Receivable .........  $42,000
Cash ........................  $11,000
Common Stock ................  $63,000
Cost of Goods Sold ..........  $52,000
Income Tax Expense ..........  $12,000
Insurance Expense ...........  $21,000
Inventory ...................  $70,000
Land ........................  $68,000
Mortgage Payable ............  $49,000
Patent ......................  $31,000
Prepaid Insurance ...........  $17,000
Rental Revenue ..............  $46,000
Retained Earnings ...........  $72,000 (at January 1, 2020)
Sales Revenue ...............  $95,000
Supplies ....................  $19,000
Wage Expense ................  $38,000

ABC Company has not yet recorded adjusting entries related to the following
two items:

(1)  $11,000 of supplies were used up during 2020.

(2)  ABC Company has provided services to a customer totaling $14,000 as of
     December 31, 2020. However, the customer has not yet paid ABC Company.

Calculate the net income reported by ABC Company for 2020 after the appropriate
adjusting entries have been recorded and posted.

Facts: On April 1, 2020, Foster Company purchased used equipment. The company recorded the cost of the equipment as $66,000. The company expected the equipment to last four years or 8,000 hours, with an estimated salvage value of $6,000 at the end of the useful life. The equipment was used 500 hours during 2020.

1. What amount of depreciation expense will Foster Company record in 2020 using the straight-line method of depreciation? Show your calculations.

2. What amount of depreciation expense will Foster Company record in 2020 using the units-of-activity method of depreciation? Show your calculations.

3. After reviewing Foster Company's records, regulators discover that the company improperly capitalized $10,000 of revenue expenditures in determining the cost of its equipment. Explain how Foster's error affects the company's financial statements if Foster uses straight-line depreciation

The City of Leonard decides to lease school desks for its school system rather than buy them because the lessor will do all scheduled maintenance. On January 1, 2020, the school system leases 5,000 school desks for four years. After that, they will be returned to the manufacturer. Payment will be $20 per desk per year with payments on January 1, beginning on January 1, 2020. The city does not know how the lessor determined the annual charge. The city has an annual incremental borrowing rate of 8 percent. The present value of an annuity due of $1 at an 8 percent annual rate for four periods is 3.5771.

1. Make the journal entries for the City of Leonard for 2020 and 2021 in preparing government-wide financial statements.
2. Make the journal entries for the City of Leonard for 2020 and 2021 in preparing fund financial statements for its governmental funds.

Singh Song Pte Ltd had an opening cash balance of $40, 000 as at 1st June 2020.
Budgeted sales were as follows:
$
May 2020 80,000
June 2020 90,000
July 2020 75,000
August 2020 75,000
Receipts from sales:
The company allows a cash discount of 2% if payment is made within the month of
sales and 1%discount if payment is made in the month following the sale. It is estimated
that 50% of the accounts receivable pay within the month of the sale, and a further 50%
pay in the month following the sale.
Purchases are expected to be 30% of the sales value. Purchases are paid for 1
month after sales. The trade supplier allows a 2% discount for all payment made
on time.
Salaries have been set at $30,000 per month and payable at the end of the month.
Overheads are set at $10,000 per month. The overheads are paid for in the
month incurred. Overheads include depreciation of $2,000 per month.
Renovations to the premises are to be undertaken in June 2020 for $100,000. This
will be paid for in two equal monthly installments starting in June 2020.
The owner withdraws cash of 6,000 monthly.

Required:
a) Prepare a Cash Budget for the business for each of the three months from
June to August 2020 showing the ending cash balance at the end of each
month.
b) Briefly explain the usefulness of preparing a cash budget.

Misty Mark, an infamous archer, decided to open an archery and fitness business called Bows and Biceps. The following is a list of transactions for Bows and Biceps for the first month. Put the transactions in a T account ledger and then create a trial balance, Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet on 5/31/20.

1. 5/1/2020 - Deposited $10,000 into a bank account in the name of the business.
2. 5/1/2020 - Signed a one-year lease for a building and paid the first six month’s rent of $4,200.
3. 5/2/2020 - Bought equipment from Archery Supply, Inc for $2,000.
4. 5/10/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Bow Hunting for Beginners class to be held on 5/29. Each student paid $50 for the class
5. 5/15/2020 - Misty gives her personal exercise equipment with a fair market value of $3,000 to the business.
6. 5/25/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Fit to Shoot class to be held next month. Each student paid $25 for the class.
7. 5/28/2020 - Purchased $500 in office supplies from Andy’s Office Supply on credit. Half of the supplies were used immediately, the other half was stored in the supply closet for future use.
8. 5/31/2020 - Misty withdraws $1,000 to take a vacation after working so hard to set up the business.

Misty Mark, an infamous archer, decided to open an archery and fitness business called Bows and Biceps. The following is a list of transactions for Bows and Biceps for the first month. Put the transactions in a T account ledger and then create a trial balance, Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet on 5/31/20.

1. 5/1/2020 - Deposited $10,000 into a bank account in the name of the business.
2. 5/1/2020 - Signed a one-year lease for a building and paid the first six month’s rent of $4,200.
3. 5/2/2020 - Bought equipment from Archery Supply, Inc for $2,000.
4. 5/10/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Bow Hunting for Beginners class to be held on 5/29. Each student paid $50 for the class
5. 5/15/2020 - Misty gives her personal exercise equipment with a fair market value of $3,000 to the business.
6. 5/25/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Fit to Shoot class to be held next month. Each student paid $25 for the class.
7. 5/28/2020 - Purchased $500 in office supplies from Andy’s Office Supply on credit. Half of the supplies were used immediately, the other half was stored in the supply closet for future use.
8. 5/31/2020 - Misty withdraws $1,000 to take a vacation after working so hard to set up the business.

Misty Mark, an infamous archer, decided to open an archery and fitness business called Bows and Biceps. The following is a list of transactions for Bows and Biceps for the first month. Put the transactions in a T account ledger and then create a trial balance, Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet on 5/31/20.

1. 5/1/2020 - Deposited $10,000 into a bank account in the name of the business.
2. 5/1/2020 - Signed a one-year lease for a building and paid the first six month’s rent of $4,200.
3. 5/2/2020 - Bought equipment from Archery Supply, Inc for $2,000.
4. 5/10/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Bow Hunting for Beginners class to be held on 5/29. Each student paid $50 for the class
5. 5/15/2020 - Misty gives her personal exercise equipment with a fair market value of $3,000 to the business.
6. 5/25/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Fit to Shoot class to be held next month. Each student paid $25 for the class.
7. 5/28/2020 - Purchased $500 in office supplies from Andy’s Office Supply on credit. Half of the supplies were used immediately, the other half was stored in the supply closet for future use.
8. 5/31/2020 - Misty withdraws $1,000 to take a vacation after working so hard to set up the business.

Misty Mark, an infamous archer, decided to open an archery and fitness business called Bows and Biceps. The following is a list of transactions for Bows and Biceps for the first month. Put the transactions in a T account ledger and then create a trial balance, Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet on 5/31/20.

1. 5/1/2020 - Deposited $10,000 into a bank account in the name of the business.
2. 5/1/2020 - Signed a one-year lease for a building and paid the first six month’s rent of $4,200.
3. 5/2/2020 - Bought equipment from Archery Supply, Inc for $2,000.
4. 5/10/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Bow Hunting for Beginners class to be held on 5/29. Each student paid $50 for the class
5. 5/15/2020 - Misty gives her personal exercise equipment with a fair market value of $3,000 to the business.
6. 5/25/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Fit to Shoot class to be held next month. Each student paid $25 for the class.
7. 5/28/2020 - Purchased $500 in office supplies from Andy’s Office Supply on credit. Half of the supplies were used immediately, the other half was stored in the supply closet for future use.
8. 5/31/2020 - Misty withdraws $1,000 to take a vacation after working so hard to set up the business.

Misty Mark, an infamous archer, decided to open an archery and fitness business called Bows and Biceps. The following is a list of transactions for Bows and Biceps for the first month. Put the transactions in a T account ledger and then create a trial balance, Income Statement, Statement of Owner’s Equity, and Balance Sheet on 5/31/20.

1. 5/1/2020 - Deposited $10,000 into a bank account in the name of the business.
2. 5/1/2020 - Signed a one-year lease for a building and paid the first six month’s rent of $4,200.
3. 5/2/2020 - Bought equipment from Archery Supply, Inc for $2,000.
4. 5/10/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Bow Hunting for Beginners class to be held on 5/29. Each student paid $50 for the class
5. 5/15/2020 - Misty gives her personal exercise equipment with a fair market value of $3,000 to the business.
6. 5/25/2020 - Enrolled 10 students in a Fit to Shoot class to be held next month. Each student paid $25 for the class.
7. 5/28/2020 - Purchased $500 in office supplies from Andy’s Office Supply on credit. Half of the supplies were used immediately, the other half was stored in the supply closet for future use.
8. 5/31/2020 - Misty withdraws $1,000 to take a vacation after working so hard to set up the business.

Question 6 Audit Report

Before the audit report was signed, the audit team encountered the following situation. Treat each situation independently and assume the remaining financial statements are fine.

1) A property owned by Cook’s Furniture Ltd was sold to Lidia Preston, the wife of Howard Cook in June 2020 (refer to case description in part A). The property has a market value of four million and was sold at 3.2 million. Management did not disclose this in the financial statement because they believed this was a private matter. The disposal of this asset has been appropriately accounted for on the financial statements (e.g. the asset was removed from PPE and the loss of disposal was correctly recognized as an expense).

2) The subsequent selling price of the ready-made furniture range suggests the inventory valuation as of 30 June 2020 should be written down by $48,000 but management only wrote $38,000 off as per the financial statements because they were confident that they can increase the selling price again in 2021 after people settling back to normality.

3) Carl Cook decided to retire in 2021 due to health reasons, Carl is willing to sell his shareholding to the remaining shareholders. However, the BoD decided to explore the potential of selling the business. By the time to sign the 2020 financial statements, the company has not commenced negotiations with any potential buyer. The BoD said to the auditor that they may not sell the business if they cannot get a good deal. Carl’s retirement decision is disclosed on the financial statements, but not the intention to sell the business.

REQUIRED: For each of the above situation:

a) Discuss the audit procedure that the auditor needs to perform in relation to each situation.

b) Explain which audit opinion is appropriate for each situation.